Theoretical Framework
The bibliotherapy project was inspired and developed based on the social learning theory. The social learning theory of Albert Bandura (1977) mentions that behavior is learned through observation of the environment. Children observe their role models such as parents, peers and siblings, then learn different behaviors and start imitating those behaviors. In addition, Adedokun (2010) mentioned that children’s literature that shows situations and experiences similar to the experiences of the children could help children’s development and change of behavior. Chuma-Ibe (2009) stated that according to social learning theory, children can change their behavior by receiving appropriate learning experiences and they may receive these learning experiences through bibliotherapy. Social learning theory has guided this project because from
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Bibliotherapy can be used for clinical problems as well as for helping children to handle their developmental needs (Pardeck, 1986). Bibliotherapy can promote children’s development of emotional literacy by involving them in reading a story about a character, who resolved problems similar to the child’s problems. This technique is child-friendly and the lesson plans help the children to acquire the social and emotional competence (Strang & Sullivan, 2002).
Milonnet (2008) conducted a study to examine the effectiveness of bibliotherapy in preschool settings. She did a pretest and a posttest of 51 preschool aged children in four different day cares to measure their emotional knowledge. Then she divided children in two groups of experimental and control group. The experimental group received the intervention, which includes story reading and follow-up activities. The result of the posttest showed that bibliotherapy intervention increases preschooler’s emotion naming and emotion recognition
Starting from the parents, the child must inherit the instinct of wanting to learn to read, developing the curiosity that comes with the increase of knowledge, interaction with others and building positive memories, that motivate the child’s learning to read. An approach that Vygotsky supported promoting scaffolding, a guided process that adults use to teach students how to master a skill, in this case a reading and writing skills. Children begin from the womb recognizing parent’s voices, singing tone for then building connections through prints and letter sounds in an environment that promotes literacy with stories, songs, games, group activities with families, “All about me” share, and “Show and tell”, to display and build a sense of belonging in the class. Nevertheless, incorporating strategies or methods that facilitate learning to read stimulated by own personal learning style. Most young children learn kinesthetically and are visually-sensory prompted to hands on experiences, using appropriate materials in a different setting. Foremost, with an ongoing informal and formal assessment to evaluate students’ pre-knowledge at the beginning of the scholastic year, students’ way of learning, feelings, and connections through the year, and at every lesson, check for understanding, and ways to improve the next step. Ongoing assessment is part of the whole learning process, it will tell you how the students learn, and achieve appropriate reading and writing goals. A good reader promotes a good writer and vice versa, but a firm stepping stone during the developmental stages, in rich literacy environments, attempting to positive interactive experiences, and always monitored, influences the chances of the child sense of wanting to learn to
The learning theory selected for this essay is the social learning theory proposed by Albert Bandura during the 1960s. The theory was influential in explaining how learning takes place in a social environment. This theory helped to emphasize the role of the social environment in the learning process. According to the social learning theory, an individual learns through the influences of the environment on the mind. The sense impressions from the environment are instrumental in shaping perceptions and connections that promote
Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory describes the process through which people acquire new info, forms of behavior, or attitudes from others firsthand or vicariously. The likelihood of a behavior presenting itself will rely on the amount of reinforcement it receives and the value that the individual associates to it. While some behavior may be rewarded, others may produce unfavorable responses. An individual will learn from the consequences of these actions and when a similar situation arises, they will alter their behavior according to what was most successful in the past.
Literacy is a vital part of all later learning. Because of this, the children will engage in hands on activities that relates to what they have read and give them opportunities to make up their own versions, as well as make up their own stories. They will have a large group story time and a partner reading time. An ample variety of books will be available at all times. Signs with words and pictures will be posted around the classroom showing, daily activities, objects that are used daily, and the placement of toys and
"The Stonewall Riots, 43 Years Later: Reflections of One of the Oldest Surviving Veterans of the Seminal Uprising." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 28 June 2012. Web. 12 Mar. 2016. .
Richard Rodriguez, in the passage “Remedial Reading” from his autobiography “Hunger of Memory”(1982), promotes active reading as a developer of one’s mind. He justifies his position by describing his initial experiences with reading, specifically his attachment to the reading. Rodriguez’s anecdote functions as an encourager of stubborn minds trying to read and displaying its potential to change their life for the better. Rodriguez uses a very descriptive style that may be too verbose for children but compliments the verbosity with enough explanation of his purpose for his message to be known or ascertained.
For this project, we worked with Eloise Leatham. She is a kindergartener, 5 years old, from St. Paul. She attends Saint Paul Academy, a secular private school in St. Paul. She is exposed to books on a regular basis, as she has an 8-year-old sister who loves to read. Her parents, who are both working professionals with a relatively high income, read to Eloise and her sister every night before bed. Both parents enjoy reading, and have instilled a value for reading in their girls. Eloise attended preschool for 3 years, and was exposed to reading and writing there as well. She speaks fondly of her preschool experience, and continues to enjoy going to school now that she is in kindergarten.
Social learning theory, developed by Bandura, discusses how people learn from one another through observation, modeling, and imitation bridging an individual’s attention, memory and motivation. Social learning theory identifies the importance of cognition, observable behavior, individual self-efficacy, and the extent of how the events surrounding an individual affect them; their locus of control. Social learning theory also looks at individual problem behavior being influenced by positive or negative reinforcement (Ashford & LeCroy, 2012).
As a young child in the years of first to second grade I quickly developed my love for reading. I was never a big fan of the outside world. I thought the world around me was boring and tearing everything/one apart, and thought the adventure inside a book was much more exciting. In my childhood home there was a large bookshelf full of different stories. Most days when getting home I would sit by the shelves in my small pink bean bag chair with numerous children books scattered around me. By endlessly trying and sometimes failing to read my children books such as, the infinite number of Dr. Seuss rhyming stories and Winnie-the-Pooh books I felt comforted by the happy feeling the characters within the stories gave me. The pictures within
A person’s eventual welfare has very little to do with the adversities or difficulties that might bring them down, but is solely dependent on how they choose to handle their misfortunes. As C.S. Lewis said, “Hardships often prepare ordinary people for an extraordinary destiny.” These words will encourage readers to know that good things are ahead. Often when going through some ill luck, it can be hard to see the benefits of the process, and this quote encourages readers to know that it is not for nothing. To teach kids these values, authors use bibliotherapy (use of books to help children understand with specific situations) and critical literacy (the ability to consider various points of view) in children’s
Chapter 3 states that picture books are a child’s first invitation into the world of literature and the potential start of a lifelong adventures with reading. As a parent, making time and space to read together is the simplest, most effective way to nurture compassion for a child. At school, the teacher can introduce a good book that will open the door to a new perspective, creating a wonderful opportunity to teach empathy, cooperation, and sharing. I once had chance to read a book called How Full is Your Bucket by Tom Rath. Although it consists of simple text and vivid illustrations, this book encourages positive behavior as
Picture books with sound and rhythm within its language helps children’s vocabulary grow so they can communicate sufficiently with others as they themselves
Books encourage perceptual skills in children while also promoting early literacy skills. For instance, book with best behavior, simple words and charming illustrations make it easy for kids to understand the benefit of good behavior—respecting others, staying healthy and coping their feelings. As you read the words aloud to kids, you are encouraging their ability to perceive
Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory is a theory that includes development theories in order to understand how children learn. Bandura’s theory is based on how people can learn by observing others, how internal mental states influence people, and how learning something does not change one’s behavior every time. Bandura was able to find out that people learn by three observational models. The first model is the live model which includes observing how someone demonstrates the behavior, the verbal instruction model which learning occurs through auditory directions, and the symbolic model where modeling occurs through media sources such as internet, movies, and books.
Encourages children to read familiar stories independently by relating illustrations to the text. (Vukelich & Christie, 2004, p.8)