Chronic Infection: A Case Study

Symptoms of Hepatitis B may include: Abdominal pain, dark urine, fever, joint pain, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, weakness and fatigue, and jaundice. The causes of these symptoms can include by: Sexual contact, sharing of needles, accidental needle sticks at hospitals, and from mother to their child (MayoClinic). The type of medication you will get will depend on how badly your live may be damaged. Hepatitis B treatment moves quite slowly. Antiviral treatment is available to anyone who has Hepatitis B. They will need lifelong monitoring to see if anything worse happens to the liver and if the infection progresses (sahealth). People with Hepatitis B need lots of bed rest and plenty of fluids. People with acute Hepatitis B do not require treatment at all just home remedies, on the other hand people with chronic Hepatitis B do require a lot of

This can also increase the risk of liver cancer. Approximately 90-95% of adults will recover within six months and not contact HBV again.(2) However, blood tests will always show that the person was infected with HBV and blood banks will not accept their blood. About 5-10% of adults and 25-90% of children under the age of 5 that are infected with HBV are not able to get rid of the virus after 6 months. These people are considered to be chronically infected, commonly called Hepatitis B carriers. The carrier rate of Hepatitis B varies throughout the world, being uncommon amongst westerners, but reaching as high as 20% in people from Asia and Africa. With the immigration of foreigners into new countries, Hepatitis B is now becoming established in parts of countries where it previously was not.

Individuals with inactive hepatitis B surface antigen are referred to as chronic carriers. These individuals may not show clinical signs of the disease. They do not exhibit raised levels of AST and ALT, but they tend to have low viral loads (Zein & Edwards, 2009). Individuals with HBeAg positive or negative tend to exhibit higher viral loads and they are both contagious (Zein & Edwards, 2009). Individuals who are HBeAg negative do not have the antigen themselves, but are still able to spread the disease to others. Individuals who have resolved chronic hepatitis B are less likely to develop liver cancer or cirrhosis and their AST, ALT, and

So what is Hepatitis B and what causes it? This is a liver disease that is normally spread through person to person via contact with the following: blood, semen, body fluids from a person with the virus. Most commonly, this disease unfortunately is spread from the mother to her

The severity of complication range from mild discomforts to death. According to the CDC, 2014 “approximately 15%–25% of people with chronic Hepatitis B develop serious liver problems, including liver damage, cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer”. It is estimated that nearly one million people in the United States (US) have chronic HBV and approximately 3,000 people die yearly from HBV liver related problems. Since the introduction of the immunization in 1990 there has been more than a 80% reduction in the number of HBV cases here in the US. Globally, approximately 350 million people are estimated to have chronic HBV and there are an estimated 620,000 contributory

One such deadly disease is Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is a life threatening liver infection that is caused due to Hepatitis B virus. This virus leads to chronic infection and results in to high risk of cirrhosis and liver cancer. Hepatitis B has two types, which have different effect on adults. Acute Hepatitis B occurs for short time. People usually affected by acute virus, get well with the time. On the other hand, there is Chronic Hepatitis B, which causes long time infection and damages liver. This virus spreads through the blood and body fluids of an infected person.

Hepatitis B is a disease that basically attacks the liver. Hepatitis B is a transmitted disease, meaning you can't get hepatitis B unless a persons bodily fluids has been transmitted from one person to another who isn't affected. You can get hepatitis B by also doing common things that doesn't seem like not a big deal, but leads to a big effect later on. For example, you can get hepatitis B by using another person's razor because if you cut yourself with it and they cut themselves with it as well it could lead to infection and easily into your body. Also by sharing dirty needles and being tattooed and that's's why it is very important to make sure everything is completely sanitized no matter what it is. Depending how badly it is you could cause

13- Hepatitis B- is transmitted through blood, bodily fluids containing blood, semen, and vaginal fluid. It may cause cirrhosis (scarring of the liver), liver failure, and liver cancer.

Chronic Hepatitis B is an infection that affects the liver, and if these disease is allow in it progression. It can cause fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is a worldwide problem that does not have a cured. These virus has affected an estimated 400 billion people and these number is growing in a rapid rate. It will kill 25% of people who does not get treatment. In China, there are approximately 60% of the people have history of HBV infection, and about 7% to 10% of the population have the disease. They are in a high risk situation to have liver disease. Currently, there are few available drugs that can manage this epidemic, such drugs are interferon-alfa, nucleos(t)ide analogue polymerase inhibitors, but other drugs can be combined to help

Hepatitis B is a serious liver virus, some people with Hep B can become chronic and it can last up to six months or longer. It increase risk of having liver failure, liver cancer, and cirrhosis. People that are infected with Hep B as adults recover fully however infant or children are the ones who are more likely to have chronic infections Hepatitis B has symptoms, cause, risk factor and complications although, there is vaccine that can prevent Hep B, but there is really not cure for it. If you are infected with Hep B, there are ways to take precaution have help it not to spread to others.

It is estimated that hepatitis B infects approximately one third of the world population— mostly young adults and teenagers. Of that percentage, about 340 million people are chronically infected meaning they cannot get rid of the virus. Sadly, this statistic leads to the depressing rate of approximately one million hepatitis B related deaths each year (Nguyen, V. T., & Dore, G. J., 2008).

Hepatitis B is a major health concern that has plagued the world since the dawn of time. While the disease is the most prevalent in third-world countries, it is still prominent in America today despite modern technology and an effective vaccine being available since 1982.1 In order to control the spread of Hepatitis B, or HBV, it’s important for one to understand a few things: the physiology of Hepatitis B, how the disease is spread, and what can be done to prevent HBV from claiming more lives.

Acute hepatitis b is not life threating, although, according to Berkman and Bakalar, it’s a little unpleasant for a period of time due to the symptoms such as loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, fever, and weakness. Also the abdomen may develop some symptoms directly related to the liver. In the United States, majority of acute HBV infections occur in teenagers and young adults. The long-lasting time for acute hepatitis b is two to three months; however, some reaches up to four months which virus has entered into the chronic form. According to Wilkins, Chronic hepatitis b is the more critical form of hepatitis B virus that leads to complications such as, liver damage, liver failure, cirrhosis, liver cancer, and even death. Hepatitis B has many methods of spreading the virus, such as, through blood to blood contacts, unprotected sex, reused needles, and during childbirth. About 90 percent of infants are infected, 30 percent of children younger than five are infected, and 5 percent for the rest of the

The infectious disease known as Hepatitis is caused by the infectious agent or pathogen identified as the Hepatitis A virus. There are currently seven known forms of Hepatitis, such as Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and so on. Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C are the most common with the highest rate of people contracted with the infectious disease. Viral Hepatitis is an international main contributor to liver disease and accounts for high illness and death. In the United States Hepatitis A, HAV for short has reached a massive decline of occurrences since vaccinations became available. The decrease in incidences has nearly hit ninety percent. Though, there are still over twenty five thousand people

Alcoholism was the commonest cause of cirrhosis 51 (72.85%), with incidence of chronic hepatitis B being 5(7.14%). 13 patients had cirrhosis of unknown etiology. This finding was different from that of Maric et al 10 where 43% had chronic hepatitis B infection