Communicable disease is at the forefront of our communities today given that it impacts the day to day interactions of various groups of people within given populations. Based on the panel of individuals affected, they can and are often are exposed to a multiple of different "bugs." Within this paper, the focus will be on Varicella (aka Chickenpox). Varicella is a contagious disease caused by the highly contagious infection, varicella-zoster virus (VZV). (Pergam & Limaye, 2009) Through understanding the pathophysiology, it allows health care providers to comprehend better the agent, host, and environment where it is more prevalent. The varicella-zoster virus (VZV) enters the human body through the respiratory system by either direct contact with a skin lesion or airborne droplets. Viral replication of this infection occurs quickly and moves throughout the whole body. The regional lymph nodes are the first place affected and topical skin lesions occur within 2-4 days. However, as the disease progresses, it spreads within 4-6 days to the reticuloendothelial cells within the spleen, then to the liver and finally everywhere else. Varicella is an infection that stays dormant within humans. This means that after the initial infection and manifestation is cleared the VZV became inactive and remains stored within the cranial nerve and dorsal root ganglia (Pergam & Limaye, 2009). This paper will discuss the epidemiology factors and control measures that our society has implemented
Poor hand hygiene - spread of germs from one patient to another or spread for hands to surfaces.
Pathogens are everywhere. They are in people, animals, and the environment. Pathogens come in a wide variety. The types are fungal, bacterial, viral, and other parasites. All pathogens can be dangerous, but two of them are more dangerous. These two types that more dangerous are fungal and bacterial. While both fungal and bacterial pathogens cause illness, they differ in the way they are transmitted, the way they are treated, and the diseases they cause.
One of the most useful outcomes of studying epidemiology is learning how to evaluate critically the scientific literature (Aschengrau & Seage, 2008). Critical assessment of this literature is an important skill for public health professionals because the findings of epidemiologic research inform so many activities (Aschengrau & Seage, 2008). Munnoch et al. (2008) done epidemiological studies on S.Saintpaul infection occurred in Australia during October 2006 and found that cantaloupe production and processing practices pose a potential public health threat requiring regulatory and community education interventions. Based on main journal article written upon this subject, this article will analyse how epidemiological research has helped us
The Centers for Disease Control is advertising a campaign that is trying to persuade people to get the flu vaccination shot for themselves and their children. It will be told what techniques they are using to persuade these people to get the shot.
Starting from the beginning; Varicella or chicken pox is an infectious disease that can be characterized by an itchy skin rash. The rash usually appears a few days after exposure and can spread throughout the entire body accompanied with fever, fatigue, and flu like symptoms. Each rash blister will dry out and form a scab which then falls off in the course of healing. Getting chicken pox more than
Grown-ups with shingles may transmit the infection to kids and reason chickenpox. Amid the inert stage, the infection dwells in the dorsal root spinal ganglion or the cranial nerve ganglion. On reactivation, the infection spreads from the ganglia along tangible nerves to fringe nerves of the tactile dermatomes. Assaults of shingles produce cutaneous injuries that take after varicella. In shingles, on the other hand, the ejections are constrained to one or more tangible dermatomes, and the vesicles or bullae may be few. Shingles is difficult, particularly in more established individuals, rather than the effortless vesicles of kids with chickenpox. In the long run the scales over the vesicles quagmire, and indications transmit until another
Hospital acquired infections are one of the most common complications of care in the hospital setting. Hospital acquired infections are infections that patients acquired during the stay in the hospital. These infections can cause an increase number of days the patients stay in the hospital. Hospital acquired infections makes the patients worse or even causes death. “In the USA alone, hospital acquired infections cause about 1.7 million infections and 99,000 deaths per year”(secondary).
Chicken Pox is a virus caused by varicella-zoster, a member of the herpes family. This same virus also is a cause of herpes zoster other known as shingles in adults. Chicken pox is very contagious and can easily spread to people. Chicken pox is acquired by coming into contact with the fluid of a chicken pox blister, or airborne by an infected person sneezing near you. The blister-like rash usually lasts five to ten days. The incubation period lasts 10-21 days and a person with chickenpox becomes contagious one to two days before their blisters appear. The person with chicken pox remains contagious until all the blisters have crusted
Contagion is a movie based on a deadly virus, MEV-1, which spreads around the world in a matter of days (Shamberg, Sher, Jacobs & Soderbergh, 2011). The premise is that the MEV-1 virus is spread person-to-person via airborne droplets produced by sneezes or coughs, as well as by viruses deposited on fomites, such as glasses, doorknobs, peanuts, and so on. The virus circles the globe in a matter of days, causing coughs, fevers and seizures as scientists from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) scramble to identify the pathogen and develop a vaccine. MEV-1 is presented to the audience as a pandemic. During a pandemic preserving the functionality of society is a priority (Gostin,
The Varicella-Zoster virus causes a very infectious disease called Chickenpox. Chickenpox is usually acquired through the inhalation of airborne respiratory droplets from an infected host. Chickenpox is primarily acquired during childhood , with more than 90% of all reported cases occurring in children under the age of 10. A person with chickenpox can spread the virus without even showing any signs or symptoms. It is usually most easily transmitted two to three days before a rash appears and keeps that high transmission rate until the blisters have crusted over.
Chickenpox is a viral infection caused by the Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) transmitted via the respiratory route that causes itchy, blisters-like rashes usually lasting about 5-10 days. It is highly contagious transmitted by person to person contact (direct) from respiratory secretions or indirectly through contact with airborne respiratory droplets, via soiled inanimate objects infected by discharge from skin lesions, vesicle discharges or nasopharyngeal secretions. The incubation period lasts about 10-21 days and the disease is communicable 1-2 days
“Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events (including disease), and the application of this study to the control of diseases and other health problems (WHO, 2015)”. “Various methods can be used to carry out epidemiological investigations: surveillance and descriptive studies can be used to study distribution; analytical studies are used to study determinants (WHO, 2015)”.This paper discusses about epidemiology of HIV infection, including factors that contribute the development of the disease, epidemiologic triangle, role of community health nurse and the national organization that address the communicable disease.
Epidemiology is a medical science discipline that arranges the structure for studying the distribution and determinants of health, communicable disease, and circumstances related to health status. The epidemiology research help to understand in what means a person catch diseases, the changes, and how the disease affect the population. The nurses that work with these communities to help identify the onset of communicable diseases determine new victims, the patterns it spread, the causes or preventive methods are known as community or public health nursing (Maurer, Smith, 2013). The purpose of this paper is to explain on the concepts of a communicable disease “Chickenpox” with its own unique epidemiology and nursing research to this
Chickenpox is a contagious disease that is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (or coming in
Infections disease prevention and control and communicable and infectious disease risks are important topics that every student nurse should be exposed to during the nursing program. The impact and threats that these infectious diseases cause an effect on society and global level should be studied. Also, the economic principles to nursing and health care that public health contributes to.