Conduct Disorder And Its Effects On Children And Adolescents

Disruptive Behavior Disorders. Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) form a cluster of childhood disorders considered to be “disruptive behavior disorders” (American Psychiatric Association, 2004). Although most violent adolescents have more than one mental disorder and they may have internalizing disorders, for example depression or substance abuse, there appear to be increasingly higher rates of physical aggression found in these adolescents who experience disruptive behavior disorders than for those with other mental disorders. The fact that violent juvenile offenders are more likely to have these diagnoses is not surprising, because impulsive and/or aggressive behaviors are part of their diagnostic criteria. Additionally, there is relatively high co-morbidity with substance abuse disorders, which are also associated with juvenile violence (Moeller, 2001). Individuals with conduct disorder have the following features but this list is not inclusive for example they may have little empathy and little concern for the feelings, wishes, and wellbeing of others, respond with aggression, may be callous and lack appropriate feelings of guilt re remorse, self-esteem may be low despite a projected

A rating scale was completed by a Parker Elementary school teacher, Mrs. Smith for 8 year old Andrea. The Disruptive Behavior Rating Scale (DBRS) consisted of 50 questions with responses with zero representing rarely/hardly ever, one representing occasionally, two representing frequently, and three representing most of the time. The scale utilized is used by clinical professionals for diagnostic purposes of four different areas for behavior concerns these include: distractible, oppositional, impulsive-hyperactivity, and antisocial conduct. The rating scale was completed on 1/31/1992.

TED Talk stated that the greatest risk factors for children who are identified as having conduct problems are that they will end up in prison. 1 in 5 children that are diagnosed with conduct disorder from ages 5 to 6 years of age will cost over $1 million dollars. The book stated that they are often aggressive and psychological cruel to people. They will destroy people’s property, steal, skip school, and many more bad things if you treat it later it will be more difficult. Schools does use some of the strategies and resources that are recommended by The Virtues Project, because it helps to understand the how they should talk to children. I think that families and teachers do not integrate some strategies because sometimes it does not work,

Researchers attribute part of the reason those with conduct disorder can’t cope with adversity and get caught and stay in high sensation seeking and impulsivity is because their brain has “deficits in prefrontal executive function and to rapid maturation of the subcortical motivation system” (Romer, 2010).This causes a disability in thinking clearly and rationally about decisions. Fortunately, multisystem therapy (MST) has been proven to effectively treat CD with the exception that effectivity correlates with socioeconomic status. “Reviews of parent training interventions for treatment of conduct problems suggest that economic disadvantage…moderates treatment response, with youth who are not disadvantaged benefitting more from treatment” (Lundahl, Risser, & Lovejoy, 2006). Thus, it is important to treat, not only the children or adolescents with CD, but the parents too. Conduct disorder can represent the effects of combining economic disadvantage and internalizing the belief that one can have different means to reach their goals. Hence, this may be the reason why people exhibiting CD steal clothes or break into a store to steal cash. However, while there is hope at effectively treating those with CD, it is important to remember that

Evidence indicates that genetic factors may play a role in development of disruptive behavior disorders (Hansell & Damour, 2005). A biological structure of an infant’s brain has preposition genes and chemical responses to develop into an adult (Perry, 2002). Disorders in lifespan development are not biologically set to occur (Dombeck, 2010). Issues’ dealing with environment, education, and way of life has made changes in developments, childhood behavior keeps a child on a continuum between normal and abnormal behavior (Hansell & Damour, 2005). Several disorders currently exist in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV-TR) because studies on children, adolescent, and young adult disorders evolved from DSM-II (Hansell & Damour, 2005).

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is one of a group of behavioral disorders in the disruptive behavior disorders category. Children who have these disorders tend to be disruptive with a pattern of disobedient, hostile, and defiant behavior toward authority figures. These children often rebel, are stubborn, argue with adults, and refuse to obey. They have angry outbursts, have a hard time controlling their temper, and display a constant pattern of aggressive behaviors. ODD is one of the more common mental health disorders found in children and adolescents (AACAP, 2009). It is also associated with an increased risk for other forms of psychopathology, including other disruptive behavior disorders as well as mood or anxiety problems (Martel,

In order for someone to be diagnosed with Conduct Disorder, they must meet all the criteria A through C, and Criteria A clearly states that a client must have experience 3 of the 15 statements listed in the DSM-V, within the last 12 months. The behaviors include aggression toward people and animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness and stealing, and other serious violations of rules. Eddies actions do not fit into this criteria since he is not aggressive or bullying classmates or friends, and although his parents have stated that he “demolished” the kitchen or living room, it is clear he is not violent or prone to lying and stealing. The only blatant disregard for rules that could be considered dangerous was when Eddie ran out of the house and wandered into the street until someone returned him home. However, that occurred when he was four years old, not in the last 12 months. Eddie does not fit into Criteria A due to a lack of violent nature. Criteria B states that the individuals behaviors cause a significant impairment in social, academic or occupational functioning, however, since Eddies behaviors do not fit into Criteria A, this does not apply. Lastly, Criteria C states that if the client is 18 years or older, they do not meet the criteria for antisocial personality disorder, which also doesn’t apply to Eddie. It is clear after looking through all Criteria A-C, Eddie does not have conduct disorder.

Jayden King Jr. is a seven-year-old boy who was diagnosed as emotionally disturbed in 2014. Jayden requires a 1:1 crisis paraprofessional because he exhibits an inappropriate and disruptive behavior on a daily basis. Based on the Antecedent-Behavioral-Consequence Chart, there were several noted incidences where Jayden has had tantrums, was non-compliant, wandering and physically abusive. When redirected, Jayden will make loud vocalizations, kicking, screaming and throwing himself on the floor. The behavior that will be targeted for remediation is his defiant behavior. Defiance is defined as the refusal to obey and follow a directive of someone of authority or opposing force. The apparent triggers that affect Jayden’s

Conduct Disorder The DSM-5 criteria for conduct disorder is a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in the past 12 months that violates basic rights of others and major-age appropriate societal norms. The behavior disturbance must cause significant impairment and must include at least of the four specific types of violations. The specific types of violations are aggression to other people or animals; destruction of property; deceitfulness or theft; and serious violations of rules (Personality Disorders, 2015).

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), opposition defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD) are three distinct disorders based upon their respective diagnostic criteria in the DSM-5. If ODD and CD were mild forms of ASPD, then there would need to be causal relationship between the childhood manifestations of ODD and CD and the adult manifestation of ASPD. There is evidence of comorbidity between ODD and CD, and also evidence to suggest that children diagnosed with these disorders may go on to develop ASPD later in life; however, correlation does not equal causation. The three disorders have subtle but important differences in their associated behaviors, underlying causes, treatment outcomes, and neurological signs.

In his article, “Is Your Child Becoming a Psychopath?” Michael Schroeder explains what conduct disorder is by stating, “‘A child who has a diagnosis of conduct disorder may be showing… aggression towards other people - for instance, being a bully, threatening or intimidating other, engaging in physical fights,’ [Dr. Jeffrey Borenstein] says. ‘It could be using a weapon to cause or that could cause harm to another person, being cruel to other people or to animals, stealing, destruction of property and often lying - those would be some of the types of things that would be a warning sign for a parent’” (Schroeder). Conduct disorder is types of antisocial behavior that often appear in children and adolescence.

The World Health Organization (WHO) identifies that the conditions in which people live and work directly affect the quality of their health. Some of these social determinants of health are more readily recognized, whereas others like disability-related health disparities lack similar recognition. While some people are born with a disability, others develop a disability such as dementia and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in their later stages of life.

I have observed and personally experienced my nephew display a number of behavioral issues discussed in class this week. At times, his behavior shows signs that he may suffer from the emotional and behavioral disorders because his behavior is extreme and chronic at times, but at other times his behavior shows signs that he may suffer from conduct disorder because he is often aggressive, disruptive, and display covert antisocial acts. His acts involve compulsive lying, stealing, property damage, and running away from home. He has even gone as far as to hang himself on his bedroom door. It was just after he had got in trouble by his mother for something, I cannot remember exactly what it was he did, but his mother sent him to his room and that

My hypothesis on conduct disorder in children can lead to criminal activity in adulthood. The research that was conducted from this question was that of Memorial University of Newfoundland, the Department of Psychology. Sampson and Laub (1997) discussed conduct disorder as not being a single cause of adult criminal behavior, but instead the start to what they termed as a life of “cumulative disadvantage”. The conduct disorder might indeed be the initial cause of problems, but may be replaced by the effects of disapproving, negative reactions from others.

Overt conduct disorder violate social rules and includes a wide variety of antisocial behaviors such as aggression, theft, vandalism, firesetting, lying, truancy, and running away. It interferes with everyday functioning at home and school. Students with overt conduct disorder “perform harmful behaviors at a much higher rate and at a much later age than normally developing student” (Kauffman 2005).