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Demographic Differences Are Associated With Job Satisfaction

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Prior to Bush, Moch, and Pooyan’s popular study in 1987, research indicated that demographic differences are associated with job satisfaction, but the evidence had been inconsistent and there was still much to learn about the stability of the reported relationships. To fill the gap that was missing in previous research, Bush et al. (1987) conducted a meta-analysis which collected results across numerous independent samples to better understand existing relationships among populations. The authors included age, race, gender, education, job tenure, and organizational tenure in their demographic variables. Data was collected from 21 organizations where the mean age was 36.8 and over half of the participants had a college education. Participants averaged 7.3 years in their current job and 10.3 years at the organization.
The authors followed the Hunter et al. meta-analysis procedure. Three main steps were taken. First, Chronbach’s alpha was calculated for each measure of job satisfaction. Next, the correlations which involved the dichotomous variables of race and gender were corrected for unequal sample size using the formula by Hunter et al. Finally, the p value, or significance value, was estimated by calculating the weighted mean correlation across studies. Correlations from samples with higher number of participants often are more reliable compared to those of smaller samples so weight is adjusted accordingly.
The relationship between age and job satisfaction was

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