Depressive Disorder Essay

CBT has a number of strengths; first beginning with its capacity to yield empirical results as to its effectiveness. Countless studies have shown CBT to be the most effective treatment for anxiety and depression (e.g., Oei & McAlinden, 2014; Tolin, 2010); this is likely the result of a number of factors. CBT is a collaborative, educational, time-limited model that demystifies the therapy process; changes are made with clients, not to clients, the strategies learned equip clients to better navigate current and future difficulties, and the setting of goals allows clients to clearly see their progress (Corey, 2013; Skinner & Wrycraft, 2014). An additional strength of CBT for anxiety and depression is its applicability to both individuals and groups; group CBT has a number of auxiliary benefits including, vicarious learning, a sense of cohesiveness that can increase motivation, social interaction and the opportunity to help others (Oei & McAlinden, 2014).

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is among the most extensively tested psychotherapies for depression. Many studies have confirmed the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as a treatment for depression. This paper will provide background information about the intervention, address the target population, and describe program structure and key components. It will also provide examples of program implementation, challenges/barriers to implementing the practice, address how the practice supports recovery from a serious mental illness standpoint and provide a summary. Although there are several types of therapy available to treat depression and other mood disorders, CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy) has been one of the most widely

In addition, CBT is effective because it has the capacity to treat a wide variety of psychological disorders. Among adults, it has been proven effective in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), phobias, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance abuse/dependence, common marital problems and diet disorders. To conduct CBT within older individuals, it is important to assess cognitive capacity, evaluate whether a patient has sufficient memory function and cognitive processing skills. A brief cognitive screen such as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment is effective to assess early problems with executive functioning. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is another recommended screen for severity of depressive symptoms.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is now one of the most widely used therapeutic treatment regimes in use for the management of MDD. CBT combines elements of talking therapy as well as insights from neuroscience in an attempt to help patients manage their own symptoms and formulate strategies for dealing with risk factors and triggering experiences. CBT has proven an effective treatment model. One of the best known large-sample studies of the effectiveness of CBT was undertaken by Rush et al. in 2006. Their work found that of their 3,671 patients who were treated with CBT and antidepressants there was a 36.8% remission rate per phase of the treatment. Study by Jakobsen et al. (2011) considered the effectiveness of CBT compared with nonintervention

Even though cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can make 40-50 % on a full recovery of depression with the first course of treatment, some patients may develop a chronic depression due to the recurrence of major depressive disorder (MDD) (Carter et al., 2011). MDD is characterized discrete episodes of at least 2 weeks’ duration involving clear-cut changes in affect, cognition, and neurovegetative functions and inter-episode remissions.

Another study that shows the effectiveness of CBT took a look at the use of CBT for depression in Parkinson’s disease. According to scientists depressed patients with Parkinson’s disease could show greater improvements in anxiety, quality of life, coping, and Parkinson 's disease symptoms if treated with CBT. The purpose of their study was to examine the efficacy of individually administered cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), relative to clinical monitoring (with no new treatment), for depression in this medical population.

Anxiety, stress, and depression are commonly treated with CBT, with or without complimentary pharmaceutical/behavioural treatments. It is valuable to assess whether CBT is an effective treatment, for one, that medication use could be avoided. It is widely accepted that CBT is an effective therapy in treating many psychological symptoms,

CBT as a therapy has its advantages and disadvantages for individual users. Wright (2004) maintains that one advantage of CBT is the evidence-based techniques employed by mental health services. There is evidence to suggest that CBT as a non-pharmacological intervention (psychological) can be as effective as pharmacotherapy (medication) in the treatment of mental health patients and may be useful in cases where medication alone has not worked. There is no shortage of support for this position by Hall and Iqbal (2010), Sudak (2011) and Barlow (2014).

primary conclusions of this study were that 77% of participants who successfully completed the MBCT experienced a significant reduction in recurrence rates of almost half in comparison with those who received only treatment as usual (Teasdale et al., 2000). In 2002, Teasdale et al. followed up with a three-part empirical investigation into the effects of MBCT on depression on 148 subjects, ages 21-65 years, who met selection requirements that included DSM-III criteria for major depression. Different subsets of the sample were used for each of the three parts of the study and then compared to a non-depressed control group of similar demographics. Compared with treatment as usual, Teasdale et al. found a significant reduction in relapse of major

Since its invention, CBT has gained a lot of popularity among psychologists with many published research studies to support it use in cognitive behavioural therapeutic interventions. One of the reasons behind its success has been the adaptation of CBT as an applicable therapy to several disorders as well as other related psychological problems. Despite the extensive research on CBT, there still remain unanswered questions on its effectiveness with regards to different disorders and its long-term effects as well as the authenticity of research aimed at proving its level of effectiveness. The main issue has been the increased effects that arise out of combining BT with other therapies in treatments. As a result, there are questions that still

Approximately 151 million people are currently combating major depressive disorder (MDD) worldwide (Haddad & Gunn, 2011). Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects around one in six men, and one in four women during any given moment of their lives, and in any twelve-month period, nearly five percent of individuals in their surrounding communities are depressed (Haddad & Gunn, 2011). Depressive episodes may appear at any age; however, MDD is most prevalent in adults who are eighteen-years-old to sixty-four-years-old, with a median age of onset being the twenties (Hillhouse & Porter, 2015). The treatment of MDD often consists of evidence-based treatments (EBTs) that include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and cognitive-behavioral

There are strong evidences supporting the use of psychotherapy in the treatment of depression, particularly a standard Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, a high intensity psychological intervention (Department of Health, 2001; National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), 2004, 2009). However, the evidence indicates that patients are not consistently receiving the therapy as a routine clinical care (Shafran et al., 2009). Several problems associated with integrating CBT into treatment include difficulty in accessing services, long waiting times for therapy, expensive service costs, an inadequate and inequitable distribution of CBT therapists in health service (Shapiro, Cavanagh,& Lomas, 2003; Wright et al., 2005) as well as the

Terms discussed in paper: CBT: Cognitive-behavioural therapy; HEP: Health enhancement program; TAU: Treatment as usual; TRD: Treatment-resistant depression; Mediators: Measurable changes during a treatment; MBCT: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy;

Several studies suggest that CBT and IPT may have specific effects when competently implemented, but only for patients with more severe depression. Among studies that tested for moderation with respect to severity, specific effects were found only among patients with more severe depression, with respect to both psychotherapy and medications (Driessen et al., 2010; Fournier, 2010; Kirsch et al., 2008). Some call this the “dirty little secret” of pharmaceutical industry that has long selectively screened out patients with less severe depression (in order to up the odds of finding drug-placebo differences required to win FDA approval) and then turns around and markets those same medications to people who it knows full well are likely to respond

Joanna-Briggs database was searched using the terms depression and psychotherapy (55,672 results) further narrowed by the past five years (15,427 results) added term effectiveness (5,250 results) added term cognitive behavioral therapy (1,286 results) and added term primary care (390 results), this yielded the articles Linde et al. (2015) as well as Barth et al. (2013). An additional search was completed using the terms antidepressant and minor depression (188 results) then the term effect (104 results) in the last ten years and the publication Barbui, Cipriani, Patel, Ayuso-Mateos, & van Ommeren, M. (2011) was