Difference Between Amelogenesis And Remineralization

If left untreated, pulp infection can lead to abscess, destruction of bone, and systemic infection (Cawson et al. 1982; USDHHS 2000). Various sources have concluded that water fluoridation has been an effective method for preventing dental decay (Newbrun 1989; Ripa 1993; Horowitz 1996; CDC 2001; Truman et al. 2002). Water fluoridation is supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as one of the 10 great public health achievements in the United States, because of its role in reducing tooth decay in children and tooth loss in adults (CDC 1999). Each U.S. Surgeon General has endorsed water fluoridation over the decades it has been practiced, emphasizing that “[a] significant advantage of water fluoridation is that all residents of a community can enjoy its protective benefit…. A person’s income level or ability to receive dental care is not a barrier to receiving fluoridation’s health benefits” (Carmona 2004). As noted earlier, this report does not evaluate nor make judgments about the benefits, safety, or efficacy of artificial water fluoridation. That practice is reviewed only in terms of being a source of exposure to

The goal of polishing tooth structure is to smooth roughened surfaces, and produce a pleasing appearance and feel with minimal to no trauma to hard and soft tissues.The first step is to assess our patient's awareness of their overall mouth condition. Dental Hygienist must carefully evaluate and select the appropriate procedures, based on the individual patient needs, and the types of stains and restorations present in the mouth. The clinician must critically evaluate the potential adverse effects of the coronal polish procedure against the benefits and be able to educate the patient.

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommendation for the optimal fluoride level in drinking water to prevent tooth decay have changed from 0.7 -1.2 milligrams per liter stablished in 1962 to 0.7 milligrams of fluoride per liter of water. This change was the result of a systematic reviews of the scientific evidence related community water fluoridation since it was incorporated in 1945. As a result of community water fluoridation there was an increase in the percentage of children who were caries-free and a significant decreases in the number of teeth or tooth surfaces with caries in both children and adult. The main reason to lower the recommendation was because Americans nowadays have more sources of fluoride than the ones

Tooth decay: Ca5 (PO4)3OH(s) + 4H3O+ (aq)-> 5Ca2+ (aq) + 3HPO4 2- (aq) + 5H2O (l)

The white band is a marker for a rapidly progressing process that leads to overt caries. The white band signals the destruction of tooth enamel that is subsequently replaced by yellow or brown areas of decay. The pathological process for BBTD includes the presence of Streptococcus mutans. This is a bacterium that may occur in infant saliva. It facilitates the conversion of the sugar in fermentable carbohydrate liquids, such as milk, formula, and juice to an acid that, in turn, penetrates the protective layer of enamel on affected teeth. The identification of early demineralization requires immediate

Fluoride is the ionic form of the element fluorine and is the 13th most abundant element in the earth's crust. Chemically, fluoride is negatively charged and combines with positive ions to form stable compounds such as calcium fluoride or sodium fluoride. Such fluorides are released into the environment naturally in the form of both water and air. Generally, when the term fluoride is mentioned, thoughts associated with calcified tissues (i.e., bones and teeth) are provoked. This is likely due to fluoride’s high affinity for calcium, enabling its ability to inhibit or even reverse the initiation and progression of dental caries, otherwise known as tooth decay. Caries are an infectious, multifactorial disease afflicting most persons

Dental plaque- The plaque accumulates around the teeth naturally. The plaque hardens leading to periodontal diseases, and tooth decay. The periodontal diseases include periodontitis and

Fluoride additionally acts to repair regions in which corrosive assaults have as of now started. The remineralization impact of fluoride is imperative since it inverts the early rot prepare and additionally making a tooth surface that is more impervious to rot. Group water fluoridation is the alteration of the measure of the gainful follow component fluoride found in water to accommodate the correct insurance of

The first effect of fluoride ingestion discusses about the benefits of toothpastes. In the article that was found it mentions how fluoride toothpastes reduces the number of dental caries developing over the span of 3 years by 23% and 24% separately. This means that toothpastes that have traces of fluoride have the benefits of reducing the appearance of cavities

n fact, the American Dental Hygienists' Association (ADHA) estimates that community water fluoridation has reduced tooth decay over 50 percent. Fluoride reverses the tooth decay process through re-mineralization. While most store bought toothpastes contain fluoride, it is often not enough to stop demineralization in adult teeth. Prescription strength fluoride toothpaste is one of the best ways to remineralize adult teeth. Fluoride protects and strengthens teeth through slowing down the decay process and increasing the remineralization process, which results in new enamel crystals being formed.

Modern dentistry did not start fifty years ago, 100 years ago, or even 200 years ago. Its true start actually dates back over 300 years ago in the 17th century when a young man by the name of Pierre Fauchard joined the navy and fell under the influence of a man by the name of Alexander Poteleret, a surgeon and major who dedicated his time to researching the numerous diseases effecting the teeth and mouth. Pierre developed a deep respect for Alexander and, with the major’s encouragement, soon followed in his mentors footsteps and began to devote his time to studying oral diseases.

One of these new studies is the effect of the medicated syrups on the primary teeth, and what come in this study is: “The medicated syrups with low inherent pH and high viscosity showed to cause a greater dissolution of enamel. However, certain syrups with low viscosity had shown higher degree of enamel loss due to their inherent acidic pH and those with high viscosity Showed lesser degree of enamel loss due to their basic pH. Hence, these results proved that inherent pH is the most critical factor for erosion.” (Kiran, K. Jai; Vinay, C.; Uloopi, K. S.; Sekhar, R. Chandra; Madhuri, V.; Alla, Rama Krishna February

The ingestion of fluoride has been associated to benefits for the teeth. According to some observers in the past, fluoride strengthens the enamel of the teeth making it not so susceptible to cavities. From this hypothesis the fluoridation of water had its start and until today it is believed to be one of the most responsible sources for reducing cavities in the population (Graham & Morin, 1999). In some author’s view the fluoridation of the water implies a significant change and the positive effects can been seen in the so-called post-fluoride generation. In this generation the number of adults without any teeth has dramatically declined and similar improvements can be observed in the periodontal health − related to gums and supporting structures of teeth − (Milgrom & Reisine, 2000). However the lack of consideration of fluoride’s potential to be harmful to human’s health is questionable and studies have pointed out the dark side of this compound (Bryson, 2006).

Dentin is the bone-like connective tissue of the middle layer of a tooth that is found to play an important role in the structure and integrity of teeth. Dentinogenesis is the process of forming dentin during tooth development. The cells responsible for this process are called odontoblast. These odontoblast cells are differentiated ectomesenchymal cells at the basal membrane of the inner enamel epithelium. These cells grow and secrete a collagenous matrix called the predentin that is later mineralised with hydroxyapatite crystals. Many proteins interact with the collagenous matrix in the mineralization process. As the odontoblasts continue to grow longer and deeper into the pulp cavity,

The essential genes for normal tooth development which provide instructions for making proteins in the enamel are the AMELX, ENAM, and MMPO20 genes (Office of Rare Diseases Research). Proteins such as amelogenin, ameloblastin, and enamelin are critical for normal formation of the enamel (“Amelogenesis Imperfecta”). Enamel is the protective layer of tissue which protects the tooth from painful temperatures end chemicals (Office of Rare Diseases Research). “Enamel is 97% mineral by weight with approximately 1% protein and 2% water” (Wright). In Amelogenesis Imperfecta, the AMELX, ENAM, and MMP20 genes will be mutated and will alter the structure of the proteins or prevent any proteins from being made at all (“Amelogenesis Imperfecta”). This condition presents problems of socializing with others and discomfort, but they may be managed early by vigorous