Digital Breast Biopsy Research Paper

Medical technology is advancing rapidly with each passing minute. It is becoming more urgent for health care facilities to invest in equipment that is current and state of the art. Behind these advancements are proven statistics that certain equipment is a necessity when diagnosing and treating patients. We, as health care workers, owe it to our patients to have the best possible equipment in our facilities. Aside from non-melanoma skin cancer, breast cancer has become the most common cancer among women in the United States. Breast cancer does not discriminate. It is one of the

Currently mammography and ultrasound are basic imaging techniques for detection and localization of breast tumor. Breast Ultrasound is a typically painless medical test that uses reflected sound waves for further evaluation of a breast abnormality or a specific area seen on mammography. Ultrasound can locate and measure abnormalities or changes to determine if a breast lump is solid or filled with fluid. A mammogram is an x-ray of the breast which may find tumors that are too small to feel. Women aged 40 to 74 years should have annual screening mammograms to lower chance of dying from breast cancer(2,15).Mammograms are less likely to find breast tumors in women younger than 50 years. This may

The incidence rates of in situ breast cancer increased by 2.8% every year between 2005 and 2009.

Breast cancer is a disease in which most commonly occurs in all women no matter their size, shape, race, or ethnicity. About one in eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer every year, a fatal disease if not discovered early. Early detection of breast cancer is key so that cancerous cells found in the breast do not spread through other parts of the body. On a positive note, however, significant advances have been made in areas of reconstruction after a mastectomy. Breast cancer, the second leading cause of death in women, motivates many women to undergo screening every year and medical advances in 3D screening evolve regularly; though no cure has been

Because of this, mammography x-ray tubes must be calibrated differently than normal x-ray tubes due to the small differences of linear attenuation coefficients between normal tissue and tumour, shown in Figure 1. Therefore, in order to maximize the diagnosis of abnormalities within the breast, it is essential that the contrast between tissue and tumour within the breast is as high as possible when produced on the x-ray film. One of the ways that this is done is through manipulation of the energy of the x-ray beam. In Figure 1, it can be seen that attenuation differences between fibroglandular and cancerous tissue are highest at very low energies: approximately 10keV to 15keV (Bushberg et al., 2002). Adversely, attenuation differences drop off rapidly at higher Figure 5: Contrast percentage between normal and cancerous tissues within the breast versus energy of the x-ray beam (Bushberg et al., 2002). Figure 5: Contrast percentage between normal and cancerous tissues within the breast versus energy of the x-ray beam (Bushberg et al., 2002). energies: approximately 35keV or greater (Bushberg et al., 2002). Thus, at lower energies, a higher contrast is displayed. Appropriate subject contrast

In the article, Identifying Women with Dense Breasts at High Risk for Interval Cancer, it explains how that there are twenty-one states that passed a law on how women are to notified if they have dense breast and that they also need to be able to discuss supplemental imaging with their doctor. The doctors want to have direct discussions of supplemental imaging by determining which combinations of breast cancer risk and Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System are associated with breast density categories because of the fact that interval cancer rates are so high. By having high density risk can really be scaring, but it also can cause mask tumors and decrease the sensitivity of a mammography which is not good at all. In the twenty-one states that passed the law are the only

Cancer. One of those words that repeatedly echoes in your head, drowning your thoughts, consuming your body… wondering, why you? How didn’t I find out sooner? Due to the many health benefits of mammography, women starting at the age of 40 should be required to have yearly mammograms. The discussion of mammography continues to rise in controversy, especially regarding why women should start receiving mammograms at the age of 40. Two conflicts that continue to threaten women against mammograms are the amount of radiation exposure and the evidence that mammograms can cause false positive results. Although there are negatives, mammography is peculiarly important in the solidity that they can detect cancer two years in advance and is able to pick up very small lesions.

“A screening mammogram is the best method to detect breast cancer for women over the age of 60.” A screening mammogram is an x-ray of the breast to detect breast cancer symptoms in the early stages. You may ask why it's important? Well the screening mammograms helps find the cancer before it gets into it”s worse stage.It helps the women get back to their normal routines during their daily lives. A mammogram is a way to help women’s health during their lives.

The Center of Disease Control and Prevention (2016) gives a breakdown of the steps for conducting a mammogram, “You will stand in front of a special X-ray machine. A technologist will place your breast on a clear plastic plate. Another plate will firmly press your breast from above. The plates will flatten the breast, holding it still while the X-ray is being taken. You will feel some pressure. The steps are repeated to make a side view of the breast. The other breast will be X-rayed in the same way”. However, there are issues with high dose of radiation causing cancer with repeated mammograms. Information gather from mammograms include early breast cancer diagnosis, which aids in prompt treatment that could save individuals lives. Using a diagnostic mammogram is conducted after an abnormal screening mammogram. It is essential to educate the public of the signs and symptoms of breast cancer such as lumps, nipple discharge, breast pain, and changes of the shape and size of the breast. The advance practice nurse should know that screening mammograms do not detect all

Despina Kontos, the lab PI of the department of radiology at Penn along with her team, the CBIG (Computational Breast Imaging Group) is working on developing a research program that can assess and identify if a woman is at high risk of developing breast cancer by analyzing the breast density and parenchymal texture from digital breast images. The goal is to incorporate lengthy biomarkers of cancer risk information into better assessment of breast cancer risk for women. Despina believed that technology has helped cancer research in many ways, she said that technology has “made available imaging equipment that allow us to detect cancers at very early stages when they are easier to treat. In addition, technology has provided us with the ability to analyze a

Every day medical technology improves, helping us to improve the way we diagnose and treat patients with illnesses, like cancer. Two procedures that have made the detection of breast cancer easier are called Stereotactic Breast Biopsy and Breast Digital Tomosynthesis (D. David Dershaw and Laura Liberman, Steriotactic Breast Biopsy: Indications and Results | Oncology Journal, Breast Cancer Vomplications, 1998:1-7).

The National Cancer Society states that, “Regular mammograms are one of the best weapons you can have against breast cancer.” Early detection is the key to beating cancer. If the cancer is

Breast cancer’s physicality comes in the form of a lump on a woman's breast. Since breast cancer is the number one form of non-skin cancer; it influences many organizations to help victims of this heinous disease. Breast cancer is not a current issue today; it has plagued modern society since the 1700’s but was not formally diagnosed until much later. Since the 1700’s, however, “doctors are convinced that the best way to treat breast cancer is to remove the breast” (Breast Cancer Nursing Care and Management). During

With the advancement of therapies for breast cancer, comes with the increased use of screening through mammography, a technique that uses x-ray’s, which is helping people get more accurate cancer diagnosis (E). According to the Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 40% of all breast cancers diagnosed by mammography is DCIS and the general consensus is that it doesn’t have any metastatic potential making the survival rate regardless of the type of therapy, 96%-98% (E). Another recommended screening method that a nurse could educate a patient for is called the Breast self-examination which is a type of early detection of breast cancer (D). According to the Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research, BSE is a readily available, cheap, self-generated, non-invasive and non-irradiative method of breast cancer detection that promotes one’s self-efficacy towards positive cancer control (D).

cancer. The use of film mammography can be very hard to recognize breast cancer in