Does teaching the benefits of skin to skin contact and breastfeeding at prenatal visits increase the practice of skin to skin contact post-delivery and have an improvement in breastfeeding practices?
2. Choose a study design that you feel would work to answer your research question and answer the following below:
a. State and describe the design you will be using (*hint – this needs to be more specific than “quantitative”)
My research design is Pre-Experimental Qualitative and is also Prospective study. A pre-experimental design uses observation of a single group to cause change and qualitative design provides insight on an issue and validates comparisons. My design uses a group of women who are taught the benefits of immediate skin to
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What type of sampling would you use for your study (considering the design you have chosen of course) and why?
The population for this study is women who delivered and are breastfeeding. The reason I chose this sample is because I will be able to survey the sample to see if the mothers received education on the benefits of skin to skin contact during their prenatal classes. If they received information on skin to skin contact, they can answer questions on how that influenced them to breastfeed. A chart review would also be done to see if the mother did skin to skin then breastfeed. This group of women who did skin to skin and breastfeed would be classified as stratified random sampling because they are a subgroup of a population that delivered. Stratified Random Sampling is when a population is divided into subgroups or strata (Patton, 2014). According to Patton (2014), stratification is based on a variable that is relevant to the issue being studied.
5. What are the inclusion and exclusion criteria for your study?
Inclusions: Pregnant women who have received prenatal education and plan to have immediate skin to skin contact with their infant after delivery and plan to breastfeed.
Exclusions: Non-Pregnant women. Pregnant women who don’t receive prenatal care. Pregnant women who don’t plan to do or didn’t do immediate skin to skin contact with their
The concepts and relationships between the concepts are clearly stated. The researcher does not provide a schematic diagram of the proposed relationships. There is sufficient literature to support the study and a propositional statement is identified in the abstract that will guide the hypothesis. Chiu et al states this as, “Concern persists that infants will become cold while breastfeeding, however, especially if in skin-to-skin contact with the mother.”
The study is a qualitative study, which explores subjective and descriptive information from its participants to gather information such as opinions, ideas, and behaviors. The information that is gathered can help provide an understanding of a problem or provide possible resolutions to problems
Nowadays, separation of mothers from their newborn babies at delivery has become a usual practice despite the escalating evidence that this may have negative effects on the newborn. A growing volume of research supports skin to skin contact between the mother and the newborn in the immediate post-delivery period. Skin to skin contact is defined as placing the naked newborn baby, prone covered across the back with a warm blanket, on the mother's bare chest instantaneously following birth.
Therefore, randomization was used when assigning mothers to the various intervention groups, which can assist in preventing bias when conducting the study. Another strength was that their sample of mothers and infants that participated in the study displayed a variety of characteristics. For example, there was a diversity of races, ethnic, educational, marital, and socioeconomic backgrounds, which also assists in minimizing and/or eliminating biases amongst individuals. In addition, the study was conducted at multiple hospital sites, which also could have been a factor in gathering a diverse sample population. There were also specific criteria on the types of infants that were allowed to be enrolled as part of the study. For example, the infants could not be critically ill, they had to weigh at least one-thousand grams, and were able to be easily held outside of the incubator (,). This was a strength since, preterm infants with severe illnesses may require the infant to be confined in an incubator without being held; therefore, making KC and parent-infant bonding difficult to
Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) has been studied in relation to a variety of outcomes, namely breastfeeding, newborn behaviors, and physiological adaptation to extra-uterine life. Each outcome warrants a discussion of evidence so that clear expectations of effectiveness can be set when employing this intervention. Many of the selected studies involved term but also preterm infants and used a variety of research methodologies. These were published between 2007 and the present.
A second design is quantitative research. This analysis engages mathematical models, theories, and hypothesis to examine cause and effect. It shows the relationship between data and observation through measurements. Control groups are used with
The hypothesis of the article was also identified in the introduction section of the article. The authors identified not only one but two specific hypotheses that are tested in this article. The first hypothesis that was tested was if mothers who participate in early skin-to-skin contact with their neonates, after birth, have a shorter period of the third stage of labor; in comparison to, mothers who don’t participate in early skin-to-skin contact with their neonates after birth. The other hypothesis identified in the article was that mothers who practice early skin-to-skin contact with their neonate post-delivery have a more successful breastfeeding initiation after birth compared to mothers who don’t participate in early skin-to-skin contact with their neonates preceding birth.
Post-partum mothers and newborns physiologically need to be kept together following the labor process. Research support skin-to-skin contact after birth regardless of it being vaginal or cesarean surgery. Keeping mother and newborn together also promotes ideal outcomes and breastfeeding in mother and neonate postpartum. The mother and child
The observational study have I will use is case-control, which means individuals are directed based on a defined outcome and the control group is selected separately to serve as a baseline to compare from. A case-control study design is most efficient for this investigation. The study does not happen over a long period of time. I will compare this data to the control group, which is the data from the past. It is a convenient/ voluntary sampling of a random sample design.
Meanwhile I will initiate this change by assessment of prior breastfeeding knowledge, and continue by educating all prospective mothers about the health benefits of breast-feeding. I will elaborate on Maternity care practices in association to breastfeeding after delivery. The use of Maternity care practices that maintain exclusive breastfeeding, such as written policies on breastfeeding, breastfeeding training for new mothers to be, the need for early initiation of breastfeeding, and Similarly, mothers who “room in” with their infants, rather than having the infant taken to a nursery at night, will have more chances to learn feeding cues and practice breastfeeding because of the infant’s proximity.
When expectant mothers are making their birth plans to deliver their new babies, one must have option is skin to skin contact directly after delivery. Babies are placed on their mothers chest resulting in reduced crying, improves mother baby interaction, keeps the baby warmer, and helps woman breastfeed successfully (Moore, Anderson, Bergman, 2007). Skin to skin contact can also stable a baby’s temperature naturally instead of having to place the baby in an incubator.
Sampling is extremely useful in all applications of sociological study; essentially, it would be impossible to study the entire population, and sampling allows us to generalize the large population while only analyzing a small group. While trying to analyze a given population by means of a smaller, representative population, it is important to consider that the best way to sample varies greatly depending on the goals, budget, and intentions of the project. The two major methods of study are qualitative and quantitative, and the two main facets of sampling are probability and non-probability. Probably sampling is primarily used in quantitative studies, and non-probability sampling is mainly used in qualitative studies. Qualitative studies often
What is the sample used in the study and what type of sampling design was used to obtain it?
design but it allows study of phenomenon to be made (Rindfleisch, A. et al., 2008;
There are numerous legal and political considerations that would impact in my change project. Skin-to-Skin Contact (SSC) offers many benefits between mother and newborns immediately after births, vaginal or cesarean section. However, in some hospitals, SSC following cesarean birth is not implemented due to the practices around surgery. Women who gave birth through cesarean section often have difficulty breastfeeding. SSC can make this issue easier because SSC relaxes mother and newborns enhance bonding and helping baby to latch better. Another issue is that women after cesarean surgery are mentally fatigue from pain and sedation that newborns cannot join their mothers in their room until significant time has passed after birth. Due to