Drosophila Melanogaster Lab Report

The lab handout provided by the instructor was used as a guideline to conduct this experiment. The only difference was the organism used and data collection period. For this experiment, pill bugs and crickets were utilized. Also, data was collected for a period of 12 minutes.

The Drosophila, also known as the fruit fly, are famous for being ideal in the area of genetic research. The fruit fly has a fairly short life cycle beginning with the female fruit fly laying eggs (typically on fermenting fruit). In only a single day, the fertilized eggs turn into tiny, white, wormlike larva which burrow into the fruit and eat for 4-5 days. The larva then crawls to a dry spot and becomes encased in a pupa where it becomes an adult within another 4-5 days. In just 8-12 short hours after appearing from the pupa case, the female fruit fly can mate and stores enough sperm to fertilize 500 eggs. Their short life cycle is only one of the reasons that they are useful in genetic research. The female lays many eggs that

To set up this experiment, two twenty-five gallon aquariums, 3 petri-dishes, 200 flies, rotten bananas, and yeast were used. The bananas chosen to be an accelerant for the growth of the yeast and were frozen so they would be easier to cut. The yeast was used because the drosophila melanogaster prefer this as a food source.  The vestigial and wild type flies were sexed (to determine their sex), sorted, and counted.  An initial population size of 100 total flies was decided so that it would be easier to determine the phenotypic percentage of the total population. Fly paper was placed in one of the sets of cages to impose a method of natural selection as well as the sexual selection which is being solely tested by the other set of cages.

Ps: the iodine was already really dark so it was very hard to see much difference between the control and the others.

METHODS: In this experiment, the instructor provided us with 30 ebony individuals and 20 wild type individuals. In order to get an exact amount of each type, we anesthetized the flies and counted them off by gently using a fine point paint brush. Then all 50 Drosophila were put into a population cage which had a lid that had six holes for the centrifuge tubes. Two food tubes and four clean, empty tubes were added on the first day. Each food tube consisted of half a cup full of food mixed with 6-7 milliliters of water. This was the fly medium. The food should turn blue once the water is added. Each tube was labeled with a number and with the date. Every two to three days we added one more food tube until all 6 tubes contained the fly medium. After all 6 tubes were filled, the following days after we exchanged the first food tube with a new food tube. At the end of the experiment, we fed the flies with a total of 8 food tubes. Then the flies were anesthetized, again. At the end of this four week lab, the number of living ebony and wild

Introduction Drosphila melanogaster, commonly known as the fruit fly, is an excellent organism for genetics studies because it has simple food requirements, occupies little space, is robust, completes its life cycle in about 12 days at room temperature, produces large numbers of offspring, can be immobilized readily for examination and sorting, and has many types of hereditary variations that can be observed with low-power magnification. The fruit fly has a small number of chromosomes (4 pairs), which are easily located in the large salivary gland cells. As mentioned before, the fruit fly life cycle is complete in about 12 days. First, a fertilized adult female must lay the egg, which leads to the first stage of the fruit fly life cycle, the egg stage.

The Unknown Drosophila Cross Abstract: Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms.. Heredity is the passing of traits to offspring from its parents (Bechtel). This is the process by which an offspring cell or organism acquires or becomes predisposed to the characteristics of its parent cell or organism. These characteristics are in a physical sense are known as phenotypes and genotypes in the genetic sense. In the lab, we studied Mendelian Genetics through a common insect of a fruit fly, formally known as Drosophila Melangaster.

we said goodbye and placed them in the fly morgue. We allowed the F2 larval

Muscovy ducks have become a popular natural predator in the control of house flies on dairy farms. Many dairy farmers have taken to also raising these ducks to help reduce the amount of House Flies in their dairy facilities. House flies are considered pests to dairy farms because they spread bacteria whenever the land, which is of large concern in the dairy industry. They also are a nuisance to dairy cattle, even though they do not bite. They still disturb the cows when they land on them, and the cows cannot swat them away. (Taylor, Moon, Mark, 2012). In a study done by Glofchekie & Surgeoner, 1993, the efficiency of the use of Muscovy ducks in dairy operations was tested to see if the presence of the ducks was effective in reducing house fly

Grainy-head (Grh) protein, the first member of the grainy-head-like (Grhl) family of transcription factor, was discovered in fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. The transcription factors are DNA-binding proteins that are activated in certain cells and tissues, regulating expression of target genes. Mostly found in epithelial tissues, the function of Grh is highly conserved across animals including mammals and arthropods. There is only one?grh?gene in nematodes and flies, whereas three Grhl factors exist in human and mice. The two major protein isoforms transcripted by?grh, GRH-O and GRH-N, are expressed in central nervous system (CNS) and barrier epithelia, respectively. In Drosophila, the grh?gene is predominantly expressed in epithelial tissues, and mutation of?grh?can lead to severe epidermal defects because of reduced expression of cross-linking enzymes and adhesion proteins. Abnormalities in Drosophila?grh?mutants involve weak larval cuticle, pigmentation defects, and tortuous trachea. Such consequences can be traced back to the transcription of Grh-target genes, for instance?Dopa decarboxylase?(Ddc), which is necessary for cross-linking of extracellular matrix molecules. Specifically, Grh is able to bind with a?cis-element of?Ddc?and regulate larval epidermal expression.

This experiment involves studying the development times of three strains of Drosophilia melongaster. A total of 3 vials will be used with each vial containing one strain of Drosophilia melongaster. Observations for each vial will include observing how many Drosophilia melongaster flies are in each stage of development. The 4 stages of development for Drosophilia melongaster are egg, larvae, pupae, and finally adult. This experiment will determine with some degree of certainty whether a defect in mitochondria function in Drosophilia melongaster can affect developmental

The purpose of this study is to get an accurate look on how genetics work, and to practice determining the different traits within the species. D. melonogaster are useful because they are easily cultured and they reproduce very quickly. The eye color data supports past genetics problems because it can be predicted, and used in Punnett squares to aid in the prediction. If the P generation consists of a purebread red eyed fly(dominant) and a purebread sepia eyed fly (recessive), then the F1 generation will be heterozygous and produce an F2 generation with mostly red eyed, but some sepia eyed flies.

The spotted wing Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an attacking pest of berries crops. Unlike most other Drosophila, this insect can oviposit into ripe and ripening berries, so that they make them unmarketable. D. suzukii is spreading quickly throughout the continental US and they give a serious damage in horticultural areas and the fruit industry. Spotted wing drosophila (SWD) puts its eggs in both commercial fruit and wild fruits, so it is of great concern to fruit and vegetable growers. It became a pest of economic significance, but it is important point that requires early detection, monitoring and moderation to control it. Last researches show that D. suzukii infests a number of wild plant species and also those may be harvested commercially like cranberry. Gray dogwood (Cornus racemose Lam.), Tatarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica Linneaus), Mulberry (Morus alba L.), Nanking cherry (Prunus tomentosa L.), Common chokecherry (Prunus virginiana L.), Common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica R. Davurica), Elderberry (Sambucus Canadensis L.), White snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus L.), Yew (Taxus

Aeromonas hydrophila is a heterotrophic, gram negative, rod shaped bacteria surviving in both aerobic and anaerobic environment thus ferments both glucose and sucrose. These are ubiquitous bacteria meaning those appearing everywhere. These are also opportunistic organisms meaning that these attack on the organisms that are already weakened due to attack by bacteria or virus. Thus people with impaired immune system are more prone to attack by these organisms. Also young children are more easily affected by these organisms. They are believed to be aquatic microorganisms. They are resistant to cold temperatures, chlorine and refrigeration. They do not form endospores, thus can survive in temperature up to 4ºC. They show optimal growth at 28ºC but can also grow at temperature range within 4ºC-30ºC. On agar plates, these are smooth, convex, rounded, tan/buff colored in trypticase soy agar. They are motile with the help of polar flagellum. They are also resistant to oxidase and indole positive. They are said to be able to digest materials such as gelatin, hemoglobin and elastic. Though these

Flies could be reared in five different light spectrum conditions – natural light, red light, blue light, shaded light and darkness – for all four generations. Light environments experienced during early adulthood will affect mating frequency and latency, according to Buri (1956). Therefore, this could also hinder any genetic drift or natural selection seen in this