E-Coli Bacteria

AIM – The aim of the experiment is to determine the relative effectiveness of several anti-microbial substances on developing pathogens. (E. coli)

E. coli is a bacterium capable of being transmitted from one person to another. To ensure that the bacteria used in this experiment were not transmitted to other places, items, or organisms, several safety protocols were followed.

While conducting this experiment many questions came to mind what effect can plasmids had on the transformation of E. coli and why did CaCl2 had to be used. During the experiment the solution was used to neutralized negative charges and heat sock was done to traumatize the cell membrane to get the cell ready for the intake of plasmids. As shown above observation can be made from the agar plate which describes the affect that plasmid had on the each. First, with the LB c, LB np and LB lux DNA exhibited lawn growth consequently lux brought about the bioluminescence effect on plates LB lux. This was the result of the absence of the Ampicillin antibiotic and the lux together. So, agar plates labeled LB/AMP c and LB/AMP lux, shown colonial growth which is a clear indication that minimal

Escherichia coli, or E. coli, is a common bacterium that can be found in diverse environments all over the planet, including the gastrointestinal tracts of animals and humans. Many of these strains of E. Coli are essential mechanisms in the digestive tract, while others are pathogens that can cause complications in urinary and intestinal tracts. (Payne & Sparks) In research, E. Coli is commonly used as a model organism, meaning they are widely studied by scientists for a variety of purposes due to their experimental advantages. E. Coli is comparatively simple, and there are many advantages to studying these prokaryotic cells in the fields of biochemistry and molecular biology. E. Coli has this simplicity and is relatively easy to propagate in a lab environment. Their genome has been completely sequenced and many things we know about DNA, protein synthesis, and gene linkage have been derived from studies regarding this particular organism. (Cooper)

2. List what it is caused by (specific scientific and common names of the organism: Escherichia coli

Escherichia Coli, or E. coli, resides in the large intestine where it assists digestion and make up essential molecules like Vitamin K. For the most part, E. Coli poses no threat although there are few disease causing strains that can cause mild to severe food poisoning by finding its way into food supply (Timmons, Trzepacz, Duboinis-Gray). Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, or EPEC, is a strain of diseasing causing E. Coli that is the leading cause of death in children with diarrhea in many parts of the world. EPEC colonizes in the intestine allowing the host to be invaded which can spread from person to person (Pearson, Wong fok Lung, Hartland, Giogha). Another strain of disease causing E. Coli also causes diarrhea in children is the DEC

Escherichia coli K12 is a well-studied gram-negative bacteria. First isolated from the human gut, is one of the most used in molecular studies, being the knowledge obtained from studies of E. coli possible to apply to other organisms (Burton and Kaguni, 1997). Some enzymes have a crucial role in the transcription control, the topoisomerases enzymes play an important role in the level of DNA supercoiling, an important property of DNA and chromatin (Gilbert and Allan, 2014). The supercoiling level is modified by a reaction that consists in the transient breakage of the DNA phosphodiester bonds and the movement of strands across the transient breaks (Tse-Dinh and Wang, 1986). In prokaryotes, these enzymes can be classified into two major groups, according to the mechanism of action. While the topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) generates negative supercoils into relaxed DNA and relax positively supercoiled DNA, the topoisomerase I relax negatively supercoiled DNA. It is important to equilibrate the superhelical state of the cellular DNA (Hirose and Matsumoto, 2000).

Esherichia coli also known as E. coli is a bacterium that lives in your gut. (1). it was founded by Theodore von Esherich in 1888. There are many people that can get the bacteria. Also there are thousands of strands of E.coli. Six E. coli O157 outbreaks were identified during 2007. Four of the outbreaks involved foodborne transmission. (Eshericha Coli). Six Minnesota cases and one Wisconsin case with the same or closely-related PFGE subtype of E. coli O157:H7, and an additional Minnesota case of Shiga-toxin producing E. coli that was not culture-confirmed, attended the Minnesota State Fair in August. All but one of the cases showed cattle or visited the cattle

There are major effects in the United States and Europe to help identify the role of microbial communities in the human body. The colon requires a balance of microbial agents that assist with various functions of the body. An imbalance can lead to C.diff., irritable bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), neurological disorders, and obesity just to list a few. Many of these problems have grown to an epidemic proportion. Both the United States and Europe have started projects aimed at the microbial communities of the body and their roles in our health.

In this lab experiment, students had to create a growth curve for E. coli. The E. coli growth curve would illustrate the progression of the population of E. coli a set time period. In this case, the growth curve depicted the population of E. coli over a 12-hour period. The growth curve for E. coli was created from the absorbance levels, the optical density(OD), recorded from the spectrophotometer.

Escherichia Coli is a bacterium that usually lives in the intestinal tract of a healthy individual. Most forms of E. Coli are harmless, but some can cause severe illnesses. E. Coli is known for contaminating foods and beverages. E. Coli can be on ground beef if not cooked all the way. That is why they’re strict food safety laws are enforced. Chefs are not allowed to handle ground beef and then vegetables. These laws prevent an outbreak from happening. Although, cross contamination happens more often than realized. The most common type of harmful E. Coli is O157:H7. It causes illnesses and in some cases death. The CDC also warns against another Shiga toxin-producing E. Coli (STEC). This form of E. Coli is called Non-O157 STEC.

I had recently experienced the terror that is referred to as E. Coli. I can tell you all about how it is much worse than the flu, although I will also be talking about this one girl I stumbled upon on the internet also. She had a life threatening experience that you can definitely experience if you go untreated when finding out that you have E. Coli. She had it for 19 days straight when I had been extremely lucky that I had only had it for eight days. I know that I definitely did not feel lucky, but doing this project has let me realize that I was very fortunate. Some people just chalk it up as the stomach flu like my mother and aunt did, but my grandmother knew it was something more than that. She ended up taking me to Med Express which is not a very good place to go if you want to get a work release on the same day or week by the way. On top of the issues I had at the doctor it was nonstop viral- like symptoms that only got worse until they got better.

The E. coli bacteria are a native flora of humans and animals intestinal track, and it is

Assume you’re at home your eating peanut butter and jelly sandwich. You turn on your television, and found out that the peanut butter you were eating was recalled. The new anchor explained that the brand that you consumed had E. coli. The anchor also explained the potential effects of E. coli bacteria. Later that day, you experience severe diarrhea, vomiting, and severe abdominal pain. The first thing that may come to mind is “What caused the E. Coli outbreak?” On the other hand, you may be thinking “Why didn’t the company take any precautions to reduce the potential outbreak? “The above questions are only important when evaluating the food industry. To reduce the food borne illness one follow the safest guidelines to protect public

During this report the demonstration will establish an awareness to the audience, which discovers the statics and findings of the results based on samples from a mathematical strategy perception. This possibly identifies the conclusion of the significant evidence of exposure with the amount and levels of unwanted consumption of E. coli in the Village of Sierra Leon’s drinking water. During the 5 weeks the missionaries have to achieve safer drinking water for the village, through three types of sampling using one hundred for the first and second tests, and twenty for the final evaluation. The population discovery consists of various elements such as the mean, median, and mode. That offers presentation for the average center tendencies.