Ecologically oriented” and “competence–centered” are two types of social work approaches in case intervention. In the ecologically oriented approach, it considers the give and take between the client and the place they live and the external factors they interact with. In competence-centred social work, the emphasis is on the potentialities of the individual. Ecologically oriented and competence centred social work are two dimensions of social work, both approach focus on the client’s adaptation in the environment. In most of the case work a combination of these two approaches are used. In the ecological prospect, the people and environment are considered as a part of a single unit and both of them configures each other. In this approach,
One skill of the ecological system is to bring an understanding to what systems are in place at every level for the individual. Once the social worker knows what systems the victim has, they can help to build up the missing support systems in their life.
On the other hand, in trying to establish and explore linkages and applications for social work, Besthorn (2001), broadly describes the manner in which humanity defines and shapes individuals in the society on nature. The article incorporates and links necessary knowledge on transpersonal psychology and deep ecological philosophy to resolve various challenges affecting humankind in the current millennium. In conclusion, the article suggests a Trans/ecological approach to social work and the expected shifts in social work theory and practice.
According to Gardiner and Kosmitzki (2008), most recently the ecological perspective has become a leading approach towards addressing the relationships among persons and environment. In Essentials of Human Behavior, Hutchinson (2013) uses a multidimensional approach to better understand social work practice. Using this approach, one can analyze the connection between a client’s person, such as psychologically or biologically, a client’s environment, such as families or communities, and a client’s time, such as their linear time in past, present, or future. Specifically analyzing the environmental component, Uri Bronfenbrenner’s (1999) ecological perspective identifies four levels of systems a client may be associated with: microsystems, mesosystems, exosystems, and macrosystems.
The Ecological Theory is not being probed in this research; it is limited to be an organizing tool. The interview guide that we use tried to include all the systems in the theory (macro, micro, meso, exo, and crhono5), and their probable relations through different issues, which will correspond to one or more systems. However, even the theory would not define the study, it contributes to the design.
Ecological perspective is a useful framework in which to view the individual in context with their environment. According to Rogers (2013) ecological theory was originally developed by a psychologist, Urie Bronfenbrenner in 1979 (p. 42). A fundamental tenet of ecological theory is that people are actively involved with their environments and their perceptions of the environment “significantly affects their well-being” (p. 42).
The book defines ecological, as “a type of sociological approach that emphasizes demographics and geo
This approach views client problems within the environment context in which they occur and it is a cornerstone of social work practice. It also looks at the way client’s problems can occur at the individual or environmental level or in the relationship between the two. When looking at the person in environment lens, I prefer to use a micro-mezzo-macro approach. In this approach, looking at the individual as the micro level, the family as the mezzo level, and society or the community the individual lives in as the macro level. Many times, change at one level leads to change in another. I continue to focus on the individual and the environment, but I look at strength such as the comprehensive approach to problems, useful assessment of client problems, dynamic interactions between person and environment, and obvious causes of problems at the individual and environmental levels that are more evident when using this holistic approach. Unfortunately, when there are strengths they are also limitations like, the approach may be too broad to predict behavior, difficult to define and test constructs empirically, the absence of a consistent set of concepts that can be applied to client situations. As Rogers stated, both development and environment are always changing. People are born with both negative and positive tendencies, and they are
In the generalist social work practice, a social worker is a change agent due to the expansive and complex umbrella of social and human services and roles. A change agent works to promote positive changes for the well-being of an individual, family, group, organization or community. In order to fulfill the tasks of a social worker, one should be trained and equipped with a wide variety of skills: such as setting appropriate boundaries, possessing and utilizing self-awareness and the ability to counsel or advocate for clients. In addition to many skills, the generalist social work practice includes a surplus of methods to either prevent or intervene when necessary. A method often utilized by social workers is the person-in-environment conceptualization. The person-in-environment perspective considers factors, such as familial or economic, beyond the individual to better understand the client’s behaviors or situation. Another method is the strengths perspective. The strength-based perspective focuses on the client’s or client system’s positive qualities to build upon those capabilities. And the recognition of strengths helps to achieve goals in a more client-led approach. Generalist practitioners are professionals with a wide range of knowledge and a repertoire of diverse skills in order to enhance the social functioning of all within society.
The environmental problems that the world has been suffering from in the last 100 years, has make professionals from different disciplines ask themselves how to solve them. In particular, in the economics field it has push for the creation of two different subdisciplines: environmental economics and ecological economics.
It is the purpose of this paper to logically and critically identify the importance of the role a social worker plays in the life of a student named Rachel. An ecomap will be utilized as a tool to help understand Rachel in the context of her environment. It is a social worker’s responsibility to enhance the well-being of all individuals, including that of Rachel, through the ecological, theoretical approach using the solution-focused model. Therefore, facilitating a comprehensive assessment of Rachel’s biological, psychological, social, cultural, and overall environmental conditions will help provide a more focused and in depth picture of Rachel and her environment. As a social worker in Rachel’s case, it is important to participate in policy
Ecosystem theory and empowerment-based practice were used for the assessment and planning in this intervention plan. Ecosystem theory, especially the five-point schema framework, was utilized to understand the relationship between Judith and her environment; therefore, resources and problems were identified in Judith’s environment (Miley et al 2009; O’ Melia 1991). Empowerment-based practice was implemented to assist Judith recognized her power from different levels; hence, the increased power could be used to improve her situation (Parsons 2008). In addition, some of the social work ethical practice were implement during the intervention plan, such as respect for human dignity and worth, confidentiality, and commitment to social justice and
This can happen only when people become sensitive towards to the environment. Human Social activities play an important role in harming the environment. Activities like Industrialization, loss of ecological balance, Air pollution, water pollution, excessive use of natural resources, and extinction of wildlife etc. lead to various other environmental problems. It is important to understand that all these problems are interconnected and it further leads to a major problem. Furthermore, it is very important to follow a plan in the case of an environment as unplanned urbanization and agricultural plans lead to various other problems. Hence, human social activities need to be carried out in a plan and a organized way in order to have a sustainable
The ecological perspective is a good way for a social worker to approach these cases. By applying the ecological perspective, it allows the social worker to determine the areas of a client’s life that are of great concern and need to be addressed. In Frank’s case, the social worker would talk to him about how moving in with his mother took away any independence that he had. It also caused him to lose all social support. In the case of Alice, a social worker would see that working a stressful job or having a poor diet could cause her to have a setback and end up in the hospital. By having Alice make a change in these areas of her life, it could heal her life a healthier lifestyle.
Taking these into account, the voices of many communities will be included. If humans attempted to solve the issues at hand within their bubble of technology, many details would be forgotten, and different peoples would be left behind, and perhaps left worse off than before. This completely neglects the concept of looking after those less fortunate and promoting the common good that is essential to Pope Francis’ concept of integral ecology. Coinciding with this is the importance of incorporating humanism into how we build cities and other societal structures, as we must consider the setting, relationships, and preservation of culture while promoting sustainability and lessening pollution. Attention to the common good, which is based on human dignity and living toward full achievement by working together as a society, calls for care and concern for one another as well as promoting peace and justice. By attending to the common good, we can attend to the plights of the poor and prepare and nurture God 's gift of creation for future generations, while answering his call of caring for one another. Consequently, it is not only an issue of ethics, but also one of theology.
The first stage of ecocriticism is the research about how nature and environment are expressed in the literature text. Next stage of ecocriticism concentrated on the promotion of nature-writing literature that has been neglected for a long time, explore and analyze the history, development, achievement and writing styles of the former nature-writing works. While the third stage of ecocriticism, the scholars try to establish the new concept of ecological poetics in the hope of enhancing the ecological theories construction through the concept of ecological system. Numerous ecological theories have been founded during the three stages, such as Albert Schweitzer’s ethic of reverence for life, Leopold’s ecological holism, Paul W.Taylor’s biocentrism, Holmes Rolston’s the value of nature, Tom Regan’s animal rights, Peter Singer’s animal liberation and so on. This dissertation just attempts to interpret the ecological thoughts in Toms River by using some of the ecocriticism theories to reveal the truth about environmental pollution and the attitude and actions people should take when dealing with environmental