MPA 9 / วิชา รศ. 630 (วิชาที่ 8) คำบรรยายวันเสาร์ ที่ 17 พฤศจิกายน 2550 เวลา 08:30-17:30 น. โดย รศ. ดร. พลภัทร บุราคม บันทึกโดย วิมล ยงพานิชกุล การบริหารการเงินและการคลัง (Financial and Fiscal Management) สวัสดีนะครับ ....ไม่ได้เจอซะนาน เรียนถึงไหนก็ไม่รู้...อ้าว...แล้ววันนี้นู๋จะรู้อะไรไม๊เนี่ย....ทบทวนกันก่อนดีกว่า ...เพราะว่า case study วันนี้จะต่อเนื่องถึงครั้งที่แล้วด้วย 1. ความหมายของนโยบายการเงินการคลัง 2. Eco. Growth (การเจริญเติบโตทางเศรษฐกิจ) – Business Cycle 3. Keynesian Theory – Demand Side Policy 4. Monetarist Theory – Supply Side Policy 5. Eco. Equity – Progressive Tax (เราเก็บเงินจากคนจนมาก แต่เก็บจากคนรวยได้น้อยกว่า.... เซ็งว่ะ) – Welfare Spending …show more content…
ตย. ถ้าสมมติประเทศไทยขาดดุล....(ค่าเงินอ่อนค่า) เพราะฉนั้นค่าเงินก็จะไม่อยู่ที่ 25 บาท = 1 US$ ...ถ้าไม่อยากให้ค่าเงินอ่อนเราต้องขายดอลล่าร์ออกไป และซื้อเงินบาทเข้ามาเก็บไว้....กองทุนนี้ก็จะขายเงินดอลล่าร์และซื้อเงินบาทเข้ามาเก็บเพื่อไม่ให้ค่าเงินบาท แตะ 30-40 US$ ....ในทางตรงกันข้ามหากเกินดุล เราก็ต้องซื้อดอลล่าร์เข้ามาเก็บและขายเงินบาทออกไป...เหมือนเช่นปัจจุบัน...แบงก์ชาติจึงแทรกแซงโดยการขายเงินบาทและซื้อเงินดอลล่าร์มาเก็บ เราขาดทุนไหมครับ....ขาดทุนไป 2,000 กว่าล้านแล้ว เพราะค่าเงินดอลล่าร์อ่อน...เงินใคร..ก็เงินพวกเรานั่นแหละ...เพื่อ support ผู้ส่งออกจึงต้องทำอย่างนี้...เพราะฉนั้นการแทรกแซงมี cost นะครับ...ไม่มีอะไรฟรี...ทุนสำรองหายไปเยอะแล้ว...ผลเสียจึงตกกับพวกเรา..... เหมาะกับประเทศที่ไม่ค่อยเปิดการค้ามากนัก มีการค้ากับต่างประเทศน้อย การขาดดุล-เกินดุล จะมีสัดส่วนน้อย...และแทบจะไม่ทำให้ค่าเงินเปลี่ยน ...ค่าเงินจึง fixed โดยธรรมชาติอยู่แล้ว เช่น ไทยในสมัยก่อนปี 2530 ...เราเพิ่งมาเปิดเสรีทางการค้ามากขึ้นในช่วงหลังนี่เอง.....ตย. ประเทศที่ใช้ระบบ fixed คือ พม่า ลาว เขมร เวียดนาม จีน ปากีสถาน ศรีลังกา ...อินเดีย ... ข้อดี 1. ค่าเงินมีเสถียรภาพสูง....ไม่เปลี่ยนแปลง
Since the end of communist control in eastern Europe and a push towards a free market economy, Poland has been experiencing rapid growth with rates as high as 7% and averaging around 3%(Trading Economics). Poland's growth even withstood the 2008 recession, the only country in Europe to not fall into a recession(Index of Economic Freedom). Poland has a thriving banking sector, stock market and has seen high levels of foreign direct investment, especially following their admittance into the EU. Poland's fast growth, location in central Europe and skilled labor forces has made them a very attractive country for FDI and many investors are already taking advantage of what Poland has to offer(World Bank).
For my Rhetorical Analysis I chose David Horseys political cartoon “Todays Economic Indicator” published by the Seattle Post-Intelligencer on June 4, 2014. Horseys cartoon is controversial yet on point at the same time and that’s one of the main reasons why I chose it. If a picture speaks a thousand words than a political cartoon speaks a million words because this topic can go on forever. Horseys cartoon depicts the engagement of two girls at a fast food restaurant called “Fatso Burger”. The girl working at Fatso burger recognizes that the customer she is about to serve is an old friend from college. As the girls engage in some conversation you find out that the last time they met was in high school. You also find out that the customer just got her degree so we can assume that they last saw each other 4 years ago. While the worker complains about her “loser job” and boasts about the customers new “college degree” she asks if she can give the customer free fries with her burger. Shockingly, in the last box of the cartoon, you see a sign saying “Now Hiring” and the customer says, “Actually, I’m here for a job interview”. Horseys political cartoon strikes a low blow into one of the most controversial issues of the 21st century; is going to college worth the time and the money?
Discuss the importance of data accuracy. Inaccurate data leads to inaccurate information. What can be some of the consequences of data inaccuracy? What can be done to ensure data accuracy? Data accuracy is important because inaccurate data leads may lead to such things as the closing down of business, it may also lead to the loosing of jobs, and it may also lead to the failure of a new product. To ensure that one’s data is accurate one may double check the data given to them, as well as has more than one person researching the data they are researching.
The business cycle is a series of quantified ups and downs in economies across the world, similar to the manner in which humans breathe. A positive breath inward to bring oxygen to the lungs, a negative breath outward to push carbon dioxide out of the lungs, designed to keep the respiratory system at equilibrium. Without the outward breath, the inward breath would not occur. The business cycle works in the same manner ¬¬– expansions or “boom” periods acting as the breath inward, and contractions or “recessions” acting as the breath outward. Both are necessary for an economy to function, and one would not be able to exist without the other. This is the crux of the issue of recessions: they are a necessary occurrence, not an evil, in the context
To the untrained individual assessing the strength of economy, should be as simple as looking at the national debt and looking at the dollar amount in circulation. However, looking at such figures
In order to obtain a rounded view of the economic environment within the U.S. twelve key economic indicators can be observed. These fall into the categories of leading and lagging indicators. Based on the data of these indicators, a picture of the current and future economic environment can be obtained.
At the beginning of the year, an audio engineer quit his job and gave up a salary of $175,000 per year in order to start his own business, Sound Devices, Inc. The new company builds, installs, and maintains custom audio equipment for businesses that require high-quality audio systems. A partial income statement for Sound Devices, Inc., is shown below:
The managing partner for Westwood One Investment Managers Inc. gave a public seminar in which she discussed a number of issues, including investment risk analysis. In that seminar, she reminded people that the coefficient of variation can often be used as a measure of risk of an investment. To demonstrate her point of view, she used two hypothetical stocks as examples. She let x equal the change in assets for a $1,000.00 investment in stock1 and y reflect the change in assets for a $1,000.00 investment in stock2. She showed the seminar participants the following probability distributions:
In relation to lower vaccination rates in Australia, it is crucial to Australian governments to increase the national immunisation rates. This report will focus on this issue through Australian immunisation rates, assessment on any possible government failure, supporting by economic theory.
The United States economic environment consisted of many criteria between the years 1999-2003. One factor of influence on the economy was the unemployment rate of Americans. Personal income was another factor that played into the economy. Another economic factor was the price of oil. The last factor was that of the unimaginable War in Iraq. These factors all combined to impact the economic environment.
During the time of economic crisis starting around 2010 different rationalities have been taken to try and continue economic growth while maintaining a stable government system that is helping and not hurting. When examining government spending and how it affects the growth of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) there seems to be disagreements on if it was helping or damaging the prospective growth that could be made. By using the Multiplier Effect the government can estimate how to adjust their government spending and how it effects the spending of the consumer, investments and spending of country’s exports.
Project Outline: Analyzing current situation of US economy and comparing it with past years and suggesting ways to improve the current scenario is the objective of this project report.
Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). (http://www.bea.gov/). Rating = 5. The BEA website contains a list of economic accounts grouped by the national, international, and regional categories, as well as papers on topics of interest written by subject matter experts and a one stop shop for accessing BEA data. Its application makes the data easier to print, save, export and share via social tools, with charting features that are robust and visually appealing. The national and regional accounts include Gross domestic product (GDP) and personal income, while the international accounts include U.S. trade in goods and services and Balance of Payments.
Big Data in Oil and Gas industry is not something new. The industry has long dealt with huge amounts of data to make critical decisions over the period of time. For many years energy companies had invested in seismic software, data visualization and other digital tools & technologies for planning and optimization purposes. But now a day, most of the enterprises have started craving a certain desire for better execution of E&P activities. Since the crude oil prices have gone down significantly over the past few years, which have effectively brought down the profit margins. Also as world looks towards renewable resources of energy, companies are supposed to act in more efficient ways they ever had. This calls in for a digital transformation within the companies enabled by virtual integration through IT. This will of course require a lot of data gathering and analytics over it to drive the organizations towards success which will eventually justify investments and efforts made for it. As we know how big E&P operations are and at the scale they are carried out, there will be huge data points involved and data gathered will eventually lead into the realm of “Big Data”. According to a report from Bain & Company production can be improved by up to 6-8 % with the implementation of Big Data Analytics. But first of all let’s define Big Data acutely.
With the dynamic economic state of affairs, factors like globalisation of markets, international economic integration, and removal of barriers to business and trade and raised competition have increased the necessity of transportation. it 's one in all the foremost vital infrastructure necessities, that is important for the enlargement of opportunities and plays a vital role in creating or breaking the competitive positioning. within the industrial lifetime of any country, the necessity for carrying Good from one place to a different can not be overemphasized. Also, Good ar to be stirred from one country to a different. For these functions, a contract of carriage is to be entered into. The persons, organizations or associations that carry Good ar referred to as carriers. Good could also be carried by land (including upcountry waterways), sea or air.