Education: Annotated Bibliography

Motivation is the key to supporting and advancing the learning of children and young people within my class. Motivation affects the nature of an individuals behaviour, the strength of the behaviour, and the persistence of the behaviour. There are many approaches to motivation: physiological, behavioural, cognitive and social. It is the crucial element on setting and achieving goals.

In the article, Education and Schooling: You Can Have One Without the Other, Mwalimu J. Shujaa of the State University of New York discusses the importance of learning that there is a difference between schooling and education. Can education exist without schooling or vice versa? Shujaa’s article gives an insight into the conjunction of schooling and education and how they impact the culture of African Americans.

Motivation is essential to encourage students to go beyond simple declarative knowledge. If one of the goals of education is to develop higher order thinking, educators must engage students minds through multiple and challenging opportunities that encourage deeper understanding of curricular content (Blumenfield 1991). One way to foster this deeper understanding is to integrate motivational strategies into instructional design. The six C�s of motivation (Turner 1995) are strategies to enhance students� motivation to learn. They are:

Lately, I’ve been writing about motivation because, it being the start of the school year, I am dying to know how to help my students (nearly all of whom start the year wanting to do well) persist in motivating themselves to do the year’s work and achieve a year’s worth (or more) of growing into people who will flourish long-term. Motivation is their job, and it’s my job to teach them how to do their job better.

Rodriguez has spent his entire childhood with his nose superglued to an open book. He read as many books as he could get his hands on - hundreds by the time he reached his freshman year of high school. He neglected his real world relationships because he spent more time focusing on the relationships in the literature he was reading than on the people and the life that was really around him. I believe that Rodriguez wrote this essay because he finally had the realization that he might have let his scholarly ethics (while they had good intentions), dictate his past in a negative way. I think when he talks about how he reached “the end of education,” he is referring to the point in his life where he made this realization; the point when he finally began to be fully present in his own life.

'Motivation is a process that influences the direction, persistence and vigour of goal-directed behaviour. Psychology 's diverse theoretical perspectives views motivation through different lenses. (Passer, Smith, Holt, Bremner, Sutherland, Vliek., 2009, p.475). The psychological motivational theory that I

Motivation can be defined as the desire or inspiration to carry out specific tasks or to do something. Motivation is required when goals are being set and more so in their execution. In a work setting, motivation can be defined as a process through which individuals choose between alternative forms of behavior with the aim of achieving personal objectives. The goals sought by individuals can be extrinsic or relatively tangible such as monetary rewards and promotion, or intrinsic or intangible such as self esteem or job satisfaction (Armstrong, 2006). In learning, the desire to attain good grades is what motivates a student to study hard everyday as they prepare for the exam. On the other hand, for a teacher to put his best foot forward, he

This type of motivation is influenced heavily by rewards and external incentives. It also implies the notion that “I have to do something” in order to be compliant with what someone else wants me to do. It is a motivation that is primarily influenced by the hope of attaining tangible items such as prizes, special privileges, or money. Although Drive implies the heavy use of Motivation 2.0 by the corporate world, Pink also draws attention to the fact that schools typically operate under this mode, as well, and that it can have detrimental effects on our students and on learning, in general. Motivation 2.0 is also referred to in the book as the “Carrots and Sticks Approach”, and although it may yield positive results in the short-term, the repeated or incorrect use of extrinsic rewards can actually work against what educators are trying to achieve in terms of truly motivating their students.

The benefits of constructivism for teachers and learners, in an ideal setting include focusing on students allowing students the time and opportunity to investigate big ideas, and along the way helping them to understand concepts and skills, rather than just memorizing and regurgitating facts or ideas. Constructivism engages students’ natural curiosities to help them find answers to the questions inherent in their minds (Constructivism). Intrinsic motivation would be expected to be high when students are provided the freedom to choose their course of learning and given the time to investigate until questions are answered.

By the end of this lecture you will have a better understanding of what Motivation is and the theory behind it.

There are different things a teacher can do to trigger this type of motivation in students. “Some examples of

In reality, no one can teach mathematics. Effective teachers are those who can stimulate students to learn mathematics. Educational research offers compelling evidence that students learn mathematics well only when they construct their own mathematical understanding (MSEB and National Research Council 1989, 58). The constructivist theory first began making its way into the teaching style of math in the later 20th century (although ideas of constructivism have existed prior to the 20th century - Dewey, Piaget,

“Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.” - Nelson Mandela. Without education, there is simply no telling of what this world would be like. There wouldn’t be doctors, lawyers, businesses etc. Life and everything around us would be fatuous. Schools and education give us a plan in life and help guide us. Throughout the years education has changed tremendously. It had its improvements throughout the decades, and it also has had its falters as well. Education in America is an issue in this country and it definitely needs to be tweaked and improved. Education is what makes us people who we are and what we will be. Nelson Mandela had it right, there is no weapon more powerful than education.

In some scenarios, the main goal is to train students as workers. On the other hand it’s to take a big group of students with basic skills that go above the availability of job requirements. This lets colleges and businesses select the best applicant, which results in competition within the school environment. Although, competition can serve as a motivation, it can also serve as a downfall when others don’t support someone’s success. It seems that there needs to be a way of ranking individuals in order of basic

Education as a most precious gift from parents to their children starts from the family. When the family succeeds in teaching and impacting good values in their children, the country becomes a better place to live. But enriching offspring with education should be countrywide so that people from every parts and regions can get the ultimate outcome of it. It is generally believed that the basis for any true development must commence with the development of human resource. To get desirable human resource it needs basic structure (economic support). So, students are pioneers of every nation. To facilitate students properly some assisting pillars have been major issues for decades. To get educated students face some barriers which couldn’t turn them into human resource. Thus barriers occurs dropout, low literate rate and illiterate of students which occurs an unskilled nation.