Effective Management of Diabetes

Diabetes has become an epidemic in today’s society. Diabetes affects almost every system in the body, and with an estimated 346 million people in the world with diabetes, healthcare has been heavily affected by the disease (Ramasamy, Shrivastava, P., & Shrivastava, S., 2013). One of the biggest issues for healthcare workers when it comes to diabetes, is that it is such a complicated disease. With so many different systems being affected, medical professionals have had to learn how the disease process works, what causes diabetes to work through the systems, and the best treatments to address all these issues. Through much research, the healthcare system has grown very knowledgeable on diabetes. One important aspect of treating diabetes has been in the introduction of diabetic education. In the past, nurses and dieticians had been responsible for educating patients on diabetes, but now that role is also extended to other people in the healthcare team, including the patient (Tomky, 2013). In fact, patients taking an active role in the education process, including learning to self-care has now become a priority in diabetes treatment. The following paper will discuss diabetic education, the importance of self-care and how this affects a patient’s compliance.

Improving relationships between patient-provider will increase communication which is essential to improve outcomes and lower healthcare expenditures. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) there are about 350 million people suffering from diabetes mellitus (DM) and by 2030, diabetes will become the seventh leading cause of death worldwide with diabetes deaths expected to raise by 50% by the next 10years. (http:/ /www.who.int/features/factfiles/diabetes/en/index.html.) Cases of diagnosed diabetes cost the United States an estimated$245million in 2012. This cost is expected to rise with the increasing diagnoses. (Center for Disease and Control and prevention).

As an endemic health problem in the United States, diabetes affects everyone either directly or indirectly. In Alachua County, there has been a steady increase of preventable diabetic related hospitalizations as well as an increase of forty percent death rate (Alachua County Community Health Profile, 2012). Diabetes education is needed not only for those with diabetes but those that are indirectly affected. This can include relatives, friends, and/or teachers. With the aim of preventing or maintaining this disease, it is important to have education classes to increase public awareness. Education is an important tool for day to day self-management of diabetes. People with diabetes have extensive learning needs. These needs focus on managing

B. Cooke is a 16 year old male who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Her blood glucose levels so far have been in range. The treatment regimen discussed by her physician and nutritionist is understood by her parents, while she works at understanding. Her blood glucose is checked numerous times a day as instructed and insulin is administered based on the reading. She is attempting to complete care independently. She is in sports and has a daily exercise regimen with the goal of weight loss. One intervention for this patient was to have her attend additional education with a nutritionist and other teens her age allowing the nutritionist to assess “self-care” progress. The outcome for this patient thus-far is positive with the hope of acceptable diabetes maintenance in the future. It is the belief; teens with a new diagnosis will accept education and self-care easier if other people the same age and

Section C: Reviews related to effectiveness of diabetes education on newly diagnosed patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus.

This approach has proven to be ineffective for many patients, especially those with limited health literacy. Health care professionals generally value educating their patients, but the teaching often times is left to a brief meeting while the patient is ready to be discharged (Slemmer & Thomas, 2011). The National Diabetes Audit revealed that only 6% of individuals newly diagnosed with DM-2 had been offered an additional structured diabetic education (Hall, 2015). Diabetic self care can be a complicated process that the patient has to live with every day of their life. People that know the risks of non-adherence and have the adequate education in self care show an increased and effective participation in their treatment plan. Lifestyle modifications including diet, exercise, and nicotine cessation have proven to be the most difficult aspect for most diabetic patients to adhere to. The World Health Organization estimates that 50% of people with chronic diseases (such as DM-2) do not adhere to long term care plans that call for lifestyle changes (Hain & Sandy). Diabetes education is vital to properly treat patients diagnosed and can also provide the knowledge and skills to prevent or reverse the course of DM-2. There are many aspects to the successful education of the diabetic patient, but having the access to qualified healthcare professionals obtainable by the opportunity of health insurance is

The review of literature section will define diabetes and prediabetes, identify the prevalence and major risk factors for diabetes, and present behavioral changes that can reduced the risk of developing diabetes. This section discusses the types of presentations and teaching methods that have been utilized in diabetes prevention and the health belief model. The final paragraphs in the review of literature present the learning theory and delivery method of instructional designs, which are ideal for a diabetes prevention program.

Patients with Diabetes have very comprehensive learning needs. The learning needs arefocused on managing their glucose levels and preventing complications of diabetes. Learningneeds for managing diabetes are complex and include: monitoring blood glucose levels,menu/food planning, exercise, medications, skin care, management of co-existing disease processes, knowledge of medications, knowledge of the disease process and how to managehypo or hyperglycemic episodes. Many patients are diagnosed with diabetes every year andmany are unaware that it requires lifestyle changes, especially in the areas of nutrition and

According to Johnson and Raterink (2009), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major global chronic health issue. Though, it is found that the condition is largely preventable as many of the risk factors for developing the disease such as excess weight, poor diet, inactivity, smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, are modifiable behaviours (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2011). A client newly diagnosed with Type 2 DM may be unaware that the illness can be effectively self-managed with changes to diet, lifestyle and if necessary the inclusion of oral hypoglycemic agents (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare [AIHW], 2008). Therefore, the aim of the education plan is to assist the client to make educated lifestyle

Nearly everyone knows somebody who has diabetes. An estimated 16 million people in the United States have diabetes and more than one third are not aware that they have the disease. Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death by disease in the United States (1). Education about diabetes is necessary to understanding the disease progression and to prevent its complications. A diagnosis with diabetes may cause changes in people’s lives. One cannot just look at a diabetic and understand the things that they go through on a daily basis.

Self-management treatment. Self-management is a crucial step in the treatment for everyday life of diabetes patients. "Successful long-term diabetes self-management requires the integration of pharmacotherapy, proper nutrition, home blood glucose monitoring, continuing patient education, an increase in physical activity, and surveillance for and prevention of short- and long-term complications" (Unger, 2013, p. 62). Once being diagnosed with diabetes, some lifestyle changes would be important to make. A routine of checking blood glucose levels needs to be established. Changes is the persons diet and exercise are also important. This will keep their weight in check, allowing them to control their diabetes better. These are done at

Normally when people hear diabetes they get shocked, scared, and confused. Getting diabetes is not something you get at a particular age or race. You can get it at any point in your life. Also, your parents or grandparents don’t have to have it, it could be something you just have. In today’s society diabetes are a big problem within our younger generation. Research shows there is almost 3 million kids/young adults suffering from diabetes. You have to watch what you eat, and make sure it’s not high in fats. The amount of sugar and fats your intake will add up and your body will collect the excess. That’s how diabetes came along. Diabetes can be genetic or societal. There is more than one way to catch or inherit diabetes.

Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder in primary care, and if not managed properly, is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease, renal failure, retinopathy, and leg amputations (Buttaro, T.M., Trybulski, J., Bailey, P.P., & Sandberg-Cook, J., 2013). Diabetes is a serious, life-threatening disease, that when poorly controlled, is very costly for the individuals affected, their families and society as a whole. The CDC notes the total cost of diagnosed diabetes was $245 billion in 2012 with the majority of costs attributed to high occurrence of hospital admissions and emergency visits (CDC, 2014). Direct costs linked to diabetes include medications, glucose monitoring meters and strips, and repeated health care visits while indirect costs include missing work with reduced or lost productivity, and reduced quality of life among patients and their family members who care for them (CDC, 2014). It is a growing epidemic in the United States, and is the seventh leading cause of death (American Diabetes Association, 2014). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012), the number of adults aged 18–79 with newly diagnosed diabetes more than tripled from 493,000 in 1980 to over 1.5 million in 2011. In 2012, the CDC

We really have to be aware that Diabetes is one of the most common worldwide diseases, suffered by about three hundred and fifty million patients in the world's growing population every year by a large margin,and is likely Physicians of the World Health Organization that the disease candidate to be the reason dimensions of death in the world over the next two decades,where the cause of this disease is the inability of the pancreas to secrete the required amount of insulin or insulin product that is ineffective, so we must take care for improving therapeutic ways as a step for healing if possible. continuous and effective glucose monitoring can improve a person's quality of life for many years. Being able to control glucose levels easier allows

Treatment for Diabetes requires refining and management of the patient 's lifestyle . A well developed plan to manage and assess the patient 's circumstances is necessary. An implication of advocacy is needed in the patient 's everyday life, a strong support system and active engagement can improve advocacy, and the lives of patients living with diabetes. Reducing the symptom Is sometimes much more than Changing a person 's “bad habits” it 's fixing the problem at its core. This means extra efforts are needed to address the problems with the disease and change the societal determinants at the root of these problems. Future plans for diabetes involve, increasing knowledge of the disease and its prevention, creating research into a cure, and promoting a better system of support for people with the disease. Many health care specialist recommend implementing exercise, and how it can improve a patient 's symptoms, but what does that really mean? For starters it helps insulin send sugar to the blood. Aerobic exercise, or a exercise that can be maintained for a prolonged period of time, seems to slightly improve insulin resistance.This is done by increasing the uptake of glucose into cells. After working out for 20-60 minutes at a VO2 max of (60-90%) for about 3-5 days, insulin sensitivity is visible.One week of proper training can make an immediate impact, continuous aerobic exercise has the potential to preserve insulin sensitivity. Strength exercises can also help with