This essay will concentrate on the effects of Egypt's economy and society during and after British colonization. Observing the opinion on both positive and negative effects which brought the Egypt nation into development. The reason of this essay is to determine how British colonial ruled and gained control on Egypt nation for nearly 40 years and affected it in many ways. This essay is a mainly concerned with its economy system during the British colonization in 1882 until Egypt achieved the full independence in 1936. During 17th and 18th centuries, Egypt suffered an economic decline under the Ottoman Empire. In 1798, when Napoleon Bonaparte landed on Egypt he hoped that if he occupied Egypt British links with India would be disrupted. …show more content…
The debt reached 100 million pounds and the Egyptians had completely lost control of their country. Britain decided to colonize Egypt and control them as a protectorate. The protectorate allowed the British government to control Egypt's economic and political decisions without intervention from the Egyptians. In other words, Egypt was such a weak country at that time. Later, Egypt's finances were taken over by the foreign countries which is Britain and France. Through the colonization of Egypt, Britain gained control of the Suez Canal, a major part of the world's trade routes. With this advantage, Britain decided to heavily tax the ships which passed through. Egyptians thought that the taxes would be put into improvements of their nation or the Suez Canal itself, but the money went straight to the British government as profit. Finally, the news reached to the public that Britain had colonized Egypt. Immediately, the Egyptians began to leave the country. British had to act quickly, for they knew that without the Egyptians to maintain the land and canal, the profit would be lost. The British government decided to impose heavy public taxes on the Egyptians, forcing many to work the lands and never leave the country in order to pay them …show more content…
Both aspects showing a good results in order to maintain and improve the Egypt nation, but some of the negative effects which may led the Egyptian revolted against British government. The positive effects being improved by the British were canals, water irrigation, dams, buildings, farming methods, railways and steamships as modes of transportation. The negative effect was Egyptian suffered corruption due to heavy taxes imposed by the British government, economic declined due to high deficit and high international debt due to a large amount of borrowing from Western countries, which Egypt began during colonization. On the other hand, British was unfair in ruling the nation of Egypt because their purpose is to make profit for their own and not the Egyptian itself. However, this improvement were not benefitted by the Egyptian, but for the traders and merchants which stayed in Egypt while crossing the Suez Canal. It was evident that during and after British colonization, Egypt was transformed into a better
In the mid 1860s, Great Britain’s attitude toward the colonies began to change. Britain determined to amendment the rules and create a free trade policy. The free trade policy was a devastating drafts because the colonies could no longer get money for bargaining goods. The colonies assured to place charges on all possessions pending into the colonies and this made the British exasperated because they had to profit the colonies to give them goods. The British attitudes went from supportive, to irritated and wanting to nudge the colonies away.
Had it not established that kind of dependence on Britain, then it never would have fallen so far into debt. However, this argument fails when the greater context of 19th century Africa is considered. In the the so-called “Scramble for Africa,” 90 percent of the continent was colonized or otherwise taken over by European powers. This included both Egypt and Congo, so whether a country had prior foreign relationships or debts clearly did not matter. The Earl of Cromer, the first British Viceroy of Egypt, explained the real reason why Britain colonized Egypt. He said, “[British leaders] don’t really want the damned place but if we don’t someone will grab it and the whole balance of power will be mucked up.” It is evident, then, that Britain’s rivalry with France, not foreign connections, were the reason why Egypt was colonized. Britain would have taken over either, and those connections really helped afterwards, when Egypt made the effort to gain independence. In addition to its relationships with foreign countries, Egypt successfully gained independence because of the education of
Meanwhile, the British and the French were colonial powers which prior to the start of the Second World War, had empires which were large and expansive. They had colonies in the Carribean, in Africa, as well as in Asia. Whilst both countries came out of the war as victors, they had suffered embarrassing early defeats to Japan and Germany respectively, which was a knock to colonial prestige (Nairn, 2003, p.3). The post-war scenario was one in which colonies like Indochina and India rose up to demand independence and the right for self-determination from their previous rulers. It was clear to many in this time period that the traditional system of empire was finished, and with it the power of previous colonial rulers (Hyam, 2006, p.239). Britain and France, not surprisingly, were unwilling to let this happen. When Nasser nationalised the Suez Canal, they saw this as a threat to their already diminishing empire, as not only would it lead ‘inevitably to the loss one by one of all our interests and assets in the Middle East’ (Hyam, 2006, p.227), it would also lead to an increase in distance between their
Do you like river's? how 'bout Ancient civilizations? Egypt was a very important river civilization. The Nile is the worlds 2nd longest river being about 4,160 miles long.
During WWI Britain exercised its power over Egypt order to further its war effort without much concern for the Egyptian population. For example, Britain was in need of Egyptian labor to make supplies for the war, so Britain “hired” Egyptian peasants without pay. Due to the British troops stationed in Egypt, there were shortages and higher prices for necessities required by the general Egyptian population. Also, Britain raised funds from Egypt by paying for the cotton and animal fodder it needed at prices below their market prices. In effect, this was a taxation of those
The Nile River is the biggest river in the world with its 4,258 mile length. The Nile River gave power he Egyptians because it let them get their money from farming and that led to making better weapons, armor, big pyramids, which shows their power, and a big army which took over a lot of countries. They also made a calendar because the Nile River had this paper like reed that they turned into paper and they wrote down days, and months on it. Geographical features of the Nile River and the Himalayas have impacted what the civilization will do for almost centuries. The Nile influenced on what the Egyptians did because of the God that they made up for it and the resources by it.
More work was available for British sailors as there were frequent voyages to Africa to gain slaves. This enabled the sailors to earn money from work as well as steal items from slaves. The British government really gained from the slave trade due to factors such as sugar tax because sugar was in high demand.
In the village of Musha in the province of upper Egypt in 1906 to the father of Hajji Ibrahim Qutb, a prominent farmer Sayyid Qutb was born. During this time in Egypt, the British were present and being obnoxiously dominant in their attitude and in their understanding to the rights of their presence. In 1882, when the British took occupation of Egypt, there had already been a well-developed sense of nationalism throughout the Egyptian country. British Lord Cromer took responsibility for economic reforms, that did help to overcome existing debt of Egypt, but resulted in making the rich, richer and the poor poorer. Those who mainly benefited from these reforms were the upper and upper middle classes. At the upper class level, there was a benefit from the British presence do to the capital that was brought in and shared, however the remainder of the Egyptian population refused to accept British-style reforms and resisted the British occupation. This resistance to the British occupation resulted in newspapers raising the nationalistic emotional ideologies of the lower and middle class into a hatred of foreigners. Newspapers during this time in 1906 were claiming that the British were taking away jobs for the educated Egyptians and taking away their sovereign rights and ownership of their country. A significant event took place in Denshawai Egypt a few months before and in the same year that Sayyid Qutb was born. British soldiers in Denshawai were looking for an activity to keep
helped all of Europe, especially Britain. This interference both improved the quality of life in Egypt
Ancient Egypt governments were depended on two important factors those factors are the pharaoh and agriculture. The pharaoh was a vital part of the Egyptian Government and he appointed other officials during most periods. Old kingdom The government of ancient Egypt became more centralized during the old kingdom. The old kingdom would build stone pyramids and that meant the pharaoh had to make changes to the government.
When Egypt was first established as a civilization, the Egyptian people survived in the over flow swamp lands of the Nile River. After decades of educating themselves about the natural order of the lands, the Egyptian people devised a plan to drain the swamp lands in order to turn the lands into crop fields. What they did not know was that draining the land of its water would deprive future generations of a proper water source. This need for a steady water supply would drive the improve Egypt’s economy and in Egypt’s technological advancements. After flourishing for centuries, the Egyptian kingdom became a breeding ground for war. Egypt was under new rule and the need for a steady supply of uncontaminated water became more crucial. This need for water affected not only Egypt’s political system but Egypt’s legal system as well.
Between 1919 and 1952, Egypt struggled to obtain independence and develop a national identity (Botman 1991, 55). The majority of Egyptians were peasants or fallahins who were in a cycle of poverty as a result of the structure of landownership and the division of land through inheritance (Botman 1991, 73). The Wafd, a nationalist body in Egypt, espoused the anti-British movement for the masses and expressed the need for legitimate self-rule (Botman 1991, 55). The British had occupied Egypt since 1882 as a way to restore order and safeguard Egypt’s foreign population (Gordon 1992, 15). However, Egypt’s strategic importance led the British to prolong their short stay and after World War I, Britain declared a protectorate over Egypt (Gordon 1992, 15). Thinking that a postwar settlement might lead to Egyptian independence, a committee of
What is a good country? Is a good country a country with a cheerful population? Is a good country a country which controls more land than the next? Is a good country a country whose government and economic system has absolutely no problems? Or is a good country a country that has a delicate balance of benefits and problems. Well, we are here today to discuss the corruption of Egypt, a good country, by Britain, a huge and powerful country. Although Britain was not the first, Britain has retained control of Egypt for nearly 40 years and I am here today to ask for the freedom and decolonization of Egypt from Britain.<br><br>This problem all started in 1882 when the British forced Napoleon Bonaparte, the leader of the French Army, out of
Portrayed by ancient writings we now know that Egypt was experiencing many low Nile floods toward the end of the Old Kingdom. Why was it that these Nile failures were happening? Scientists are gathering evidence that support the idea that drought conditions helped cause the collapse of a number of ancient civilizations from the eastern Mediterranean to India around 2200 B.C. This date coincides with the last years of the long reign of Pepy II. Soil borings from Ethiopia’s Lake Tana, the source of a major river that flows into the Nile, shows the lake was very shallow around 2200 B.C. Downstream at the same time, borings from the lake at the Faiyum Oasis indicate it dried up entirely. Scientists think that a shift in the circulation of the atmosphere
Have you ever wondered how Ancient Egypt helped shape the world today? Ancient Egyptians were a group of folks who were heavily influenced by religion. They feared dying anywhere but Egypt. The Egyptian Empire held a fascinating and very distinctive culture. Being one of the world 's most advanced cultures and creating tons of wealth is what separated them from everybody else. Between the outstanding artwork, teaching methods, and amazing pyramids is what helped their society advance altogether. No other civilization of the ancient world history had such a popular appeal and none as important as human society and its organization. Egyptians have made great steps in shaping the world we all know today, which have made studying their culture and society easier than some previous historical eras.