April 14, 2005
NURSING THEORY
➢ Why the interest in theory? 1. The no. 1 requisite if we have to be on the level of being a professional. 2. To guide us in how to go about the different nursing actions. 3. It becomes a framework for organizing data.
Theory – speculative in nature
Nursing Theory – mental conceptualization where the perspective is a nursing aspect - explain & describe a particular nursing action - can also predict its effects on clients’ outcome - primary purpose is to generate scientific knowledge - serve several essential purposes
1. Description – clarifying ideas, phenomena, experience or circumstances that are not well understood. E.g. meaning of pain to
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Organismic Behavior a.2. Man as a System a.3. The energy-matter exchange of man
III. The Atomistic Approach Man is viewed as an organism composed of different organ systems & each system is composed of organs & each organ is made up of tissue cells. The cell is the basic unit of the human body.
IV. Holistic Approach (Total) The study of the total behavior of man in relation to society. Stimuli in the environment provide the necessary forces to enable man to demonstrate consciously or unconsciously the nature of his responses & the subsequent quality & relationship with his environment. Address questions like – How does he cope with stresses? What makes one fail or succeed?
V. Human Needs Model Maslow’s framework of basic needs is based on the theory that something is a basic need if its absence results in illness, its presence prevents illness or signals health, & meeting an unmet need restores health
VI. Man as a Rational Being – The Psychosocial Perspective Man, the psychosocial being is capable of rational, logical thinking most of the time but can become irrational & illogical when provoked. His rational side makes him merciful, kind & compassionate, while his irrational nature may make him commit criminal acts against another man. According to Travelbee, Man is “a unique, irreplaceable (cannot be exchanged for
Whenever you use words to depict or re-create a scene, an object, a person, or a feeling, you use description.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a structural progression of psychological and physical needs. Maslow hypothesized that there were two distinct types of needs: deficiency needs and growth needs2. The deficiency needs,
Maslow believed that everyone has fundamental needs that must be met in order for each person to reach their full potential. These needs include warmth, food and shelter as well as demonstrations of love and having their confidence and self-esteem boosted.
Abraham Maslow created a ‘needs theory’ where “human needs are ranked on an ascending scale according to how essential the needs are for survival” (Kozier & Erb, 2014, p. 237). “Once a lower need is fulfilled, a next
Psychologist Abraham Maslow created Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, a list of necessary needs in order to live with healthy mental. The levels are physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization. Physiological deals with survival needs which include food, shelter, and water. Safety is the need to be secure from danger, a shelter or safe environment. Love is the is need for affection and belongingness, friends and family. Esteem is the personal worth, success and achievements. Self-actualization is actualizing one’s potential and what you are capable of. According to Maslow, the most important level is physiological and is needed for survival.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs provides a foundational theory. It states that all employees have some basic needs that must first be satisfied in order to provide the framework for further motivation and empowerment.
As it was mentioned before, the key idea of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory relates to the existence of several sets of motivation and needs that govern human behavior. Hence, the major concepts of this theory include certain needs that are grouped into sets based on their place within the hierarchy of all the needs. The first version of the theory has five needs, which are divided into
Maslow’s Theory is separated into five different categories of needs. These include physiological needs, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. (“Maslow, Abraham”). Maslow categorized these needs into a pyramid structure. At the base of Maslow’s Pyramid are physiological needs which need to be met before a person can go higher up on the pyramid. Once these needs are met, then a person can begin fulfilling other needs such as safety, love and so on. Physiological needs include the basic needs of oxygen, food, water, sleep, proteins and minerals. Another part of these needs include being active, avoiding pain and removing waste from your body. As the physiological needs are meet, safety and security needs begin to dominate behavior (Boeree). Safety and security needs have to do with the natural desire for a predictable, orderly world that is somewhat within our control. This also includes protection, and safe
The human organism is a collective structural and functional integrated system. It consists of many components; chemicals, cells, tissues, organs and systems. Atoms being the smallest unit of matter comprise the cell. Cells are the basic structural and functional units that build the body.
Unknown environments can change the social behavior of people living in the society. What this means is that a person can be influenced to change in either a good way or a bad way by their environment. For instance, an article titled Nate Brazill, Sentenced to Grow Up in Prison by Tim Roche focuses on Nate Brazill, a 14 year old boy who was sentenced to live out a sentence of 28 years for killing his teacher after being suspended from school before the summer holiday. Roche comments on how Brazill is compensating with his first months of confinement. “Already, the months of confinement in an adult county jail have hardened Nate.
Based off of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, if one’s basic needs are not being met, it prevents adequate
The basic needs an individual must fulfill was first addressed by psychologist Abraham Maslow in 1951. He proposed that a hierarchy of needs existed. This hierarchy of needs are five basic needs that have to be fulfilled.
The hierarchy of needs of Abraham Maslow is the theory from where the humanistic psychology is built. It is constituted of diverse stages from where a person can move from one stage to another. However, to move to the next stage, the person must complete the previous one. Maslow’s theory suggests each individual have the drive and desire to meet their basic needs in order to meet the fundamental
The purpose of the nursing theories is to provide an interrelating framework focusing on the nursing practice. The defined nursing theories promote better patient care, improve the status of nursing profession, and improve the communication between the nurses, and provide guidance to the researches and education (Keefe, 2011). Not all nursing theories have the same meanings; however, they play the important role of explaining the key concepts and principles of nursing practice in understanding way.
Maslow's foundation tier, the one upon which all others are built upon, is the physiological need. Air to breathe, food and water, and adequate sleep are all basic biological needs that the individual must have met. Not only to be motivated by the next level of need in the hierarchy, but to survive. The body's biological drives to fulfill these needs will predominate all other activities, as the very life of the organism is at stake. ( Boeree 1998, 2006)