The Elbers papyrus (1500 B.C) is an oldest medical documents, which, is preserved for modern usage and was made by the Egyptian priests. According an ancient history, it is the greatest recognized and the most vital pharmaceutical record. There are 800 prescriptions made from 700 drugs which indicates the treatments of numerous disorders. 1
In Addition, Andrew Craigie (1754-1819) was the first appointed American Apothecary who made and sold medicine and drugs. He cared for the people who were injured during the Battle of Bunker Hill within two months of being elected (174). 2
Also, William Procter, Jr. (1817-1874) was the father of American Pharmacy. William was an editor for the American Journal of Pharmacy, a Pharmaceutical educator and
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He was an honest and persistent winner of the professional aspects of pharmacy and criticized whatever Ebert believed was the augmented commercialism of pharmacy and the excesses in educational requests.4
Furthermore, Joseph Price Remington (1847-1906) was a resilient and primary supporter of laboratory coaching for Pharmacy students. His utmost tribute was the acknowledgement of being the “teacher of teachers”. He was among the most prosperous teachers of pharmacy in U.S.A at present.5 He assisted in setting up a pharmaceutical laboratory at the Philadelphia College with his money in 1877. 6
Also, Zada Mary Cooper (1875-1961) was an outstanding and a magnificent lady of pharmacy as a result of being a campaigner for women in pharmacy. She was among the founders of the women sections of APhA, Kappa Epsilon Fraternity and Rho Chi society.7
Likewise, in 1927 at Michigan University, Harvey A.K. Whitney (1894-1957) was attributed with founding the firstly hospital pharmacy internship program which is now called a residency program. He the front-runner of the hospital pharmacy. Harvey was contributory in emerging a minor collection of hospital pharmacists into a sector of the American Pharmaceutical Association which later on changed to American Society of Hospital Pharmacists (ASHP). He became the firstly ASHP co-founder as well as the President and in 1958 turn out to be the American
From there, I began to explore more of what a career in pharmacy would mean and take the steps necessary to pursue my dream. As I reflect on the past and look forward, becoming a Doctor of Pharmacy is still the clear answer to achieving both my immediate and long-term goals. My immediate goal is to work towards additional education to be better equipped to utilize my undergraduate degree. In particular, I have a strong interest in applying my knowledge of biochemistry to the area of pharmacy in order to better understand how different medications work, how to help patients understand their medications, and how to solve problems to better care for patients. Ultimately, through achieving a Doctor of Pharmacy degree, I desire to develop a meaningful career that would allow for life-long learning and impacting lives.
My strongest impetus for the study of this major is pegged on the personal urge to improve the lives and health of those around me. I would only be able to serve the health of others when I am fully acquainted with the knowledge of pharmacy, which to me is one of the noblest professions. I am deeply concerned about the welfare of others. My experiences, especially as I visit hospitals form a significant part in influencing my choice to study pharmacy. At one point, I felt very bad when a pharmacist in a hospital I had visited was very indolent in serving a patient. All human beings would feel adored and valued when they are given appropriate attention in regard to their health. The health profession has a mission geared towards safeguarding people's health and that mission is perfectly in sync with my desires. I want to be exceptional, to do my best in caring for people, and attend to their interest to the best of my knowledge. I admire nourishing hope to desolate patients and always give them a reason to
Dr. Edwin Wiley Grove was born at Bolivar, Hardin County, Tennessee in 1850. His dad’s name was James Henry Grove and was raised with the help of Peggy Traylor Grove. After he aged a couple years, he moved to Paris, Tennessee and became a druggist and established the Paris Medicine Company in 1886. In the text it states, “The Paris Medicine company marketed Febrile, Grove's Tasteless Chill Tonic, cold tablets and other products.” This shows that Grove was successful with this business. Before E.W. Grove died, he endowed he Grove High School, which is where kids for their freshman year of high school attend.
In 1766, Rush arrived at the University of Edinburgh. In his first year, Rush attended classes in mathematics, French, Italian, and Spanish. In his second, he learned Materia Medica and the nature of science. In 1768; after just two years of studying, Rush defended a thesis and earned his “doctor degree of medicine.” After his time in Edinburgh, Rush continued his studies. In London, he underwent clinical observations in two different hospitals. After London, Rush went to Paris, where he extended and completed his clinical training. In 1769, he traveled back to America and began his career as a physician.
Dr. William Thornton was born on May 20, 1759 in the British West Indies where stayed until he graduated from the University of Aberdeen. After college, Thornton moved to the United States of America, where
Egyptians and Mesopotamians had the greatest advances in medicine during the ancient, but Egyptians were better at medicine than Mesopotamians. While we know that Mesopotamians astronomers had a very high reputation, Egyptians had a wide reputation when it came to their doctors. Egyptian doctors are in high demand, and some kings even had Egyptian doctors working for them. Egyptians had cure for constipation, and had an understanding of how to deal with infected cuts. They used methods such as using moldy bread, which we know is good, because mold is able to kill of some forms of bacteria.
The “Early Life and Career” of John Pemberton stated that he was born on January 8, 1831 in Knoxville, in Crawford County. Pemberton grew up and attended the local schools in Rome. His family lived there almost thirty years. He studied medicine and pharmaceutical practices at the Reform Medical College of Georgia in Macon. In 1850, at age nineteen, he was licensed to practice with Thomsonian medicine and the Botanic Principles. And such pharmaceutical practitioners during that time relied heavily on herbal remedies and on purifying the body of toxins that seemed commonly suspicious to the general public. Pemberton, “otherwise known as Doc,” practiced medicine and surgical prodecures first in Rome along with the surrounding areas and then afterwards in Columbia. In 1855 he established a wholesale retail drug business specializing in material media. Before the Civil War he acquired a graduate degree in pharmacy, but the exact date and place are unknown. Pemberton and the Columbus Company were part of the analytical and manufacturing laboratories which were unique in the south. While Pemberton had one great obsession which was to create medicine and the perfect beverage, he although invented a lot of patent medicines and owned a successful chemist’s store. He wanted to do something more, something bigger. At age fifty, his chief interest in life was to patent a so-called medicated drink which could not only make him a fortune but also secure a place in scientific history
The rise of Egypt presented a new innovation to record and write and that was papyrus. Written documents had begun some time before but the findings of papyrus made it to where the writer could write with having to chisel a stone. This much easier writing gave modern humans documented evidence of events that has happened in civilizations more clearly. Information on Greek life mostly came from the illustration and writing on papyri and many of the documents were used for legal matters. The durability of the papyrus allowed it to survive the years of being underground and now are able to be read to bring knowledge of the past from the view of someone in that time period.
Born on April 1st, 1578, in Folkestone England, William Harvey was the oldest of seven brothers and two sisters born to Thomas Harvey, a farmer and land owner. From 1588-1593 at the age of 10, Harvey attended the King 's School in Canterbury. He later pursued the study of medicine at Caius College, Cambridge from 1593-1599 at the age of 15 tuition-free for six years. William finally earned his doctorate in medicine in 1602 at the university of Padua, which at the time was very acclaimed for its courses in anatomy and various medical fields.
Rowland, John. The Penicillin Man: The story of Alexander Fleming. EightImpression. London: Lutherworth Press, 1969.
The academic infrastructure for pharmacists in the United States and the world have changed dramatically in the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries. In Japan in the mid 1800s, pharmacists sat in their pharmacies and they couldn't even own more than one shop and they couldn't practice any type of healthcare professional. But in 1873, They established their first pharmacy department in the Imperial University in Tokyo which open the door for professional training to help the country get the maximum benefit from foreign medicines and how to use them. In 1893, the Japanese Pharmaceutical Association was formed to separate prescribing and dispensing. As a result of this association, a dramatic slowdown in the development and evolution of the pharmaceutical
For me, choosing to pursue a career in pharmacy was far from planned. I knew that I wanted to find a profession which I could find self fulfilling. So, one could say I knew as much about pharmacy and its history as an average person. I’ve always imagined that pharmacy and the entire profession as a whole was relatively modern. In other words, I never really took pharmacy as a profession with a history. I’ve always thought that pharmacy and medicine, as one, essentially made its largest strides with the technology boom of the 21st century. During my visit, I realized I was both right, but also, wrong in a sense.
This semester has been a tough one but I feel like I have learned a lot about pharmacy over these past few months. I have had a lot of courses so far and in each one, I have been able to make connections to the practice of pharmacy. In this essay, I will reflect on some of things I learned in my courses and how they relate to my future career as a pharmacist. I will also identify areas where certain topics intersect in different courses.
Today in the 21st century the roles of pharmacist have expanded tremendously. Before pharmacist had the role of solely dispensing drugs. Pharmacists were limited to only being regulatory or clinical pharmacist. Back then they were called medical purveyors who were much like today’s regulatory pharmacist and hospital pharmacist who are similar to hospital pharmacist. Now pharmacists carry many roles in healthcare. Pharmacist can play roles in public health, community, health systems, state, and federal government.
1. The evolution of academic infrastructure in the United States was faster than that in Japan. In the United Stated the first school of pharmacy was developed in Philadelphia in 1821.1 Medicine was used to treat the whole human body instead of particular organs, they relied on medicine that was specified as “cure it all’s.” which was mainly just opium or unlabeled by products. As education expanded in 1906 the pure food and drugs act was introduced in order to control food and drugs being manufactured.1 The goal was to restrict the selling of contaminated medicine, beverages, and prevent manufacturing companies from mislabeling and false advertising. However, this failed because it was not regulated properly and the development of the US