1. Introduction
Energy is an essential material basis for human survival and development. As the world biggest developing country, China’s demand for energy will experience a steady increase with the development of the economy . However, many problems are facing the energy security in rural China. At the early state of energy shortage, state policy indicated that the rural energy needed to be self-reliance. Actually, rural energy is a buffer of China’s energy system . With the development of the China’s economy, the government begun to realize the importance of energy security in rural China. As the important sector of national energy policy, the energy development of the rural area is guided by the sustainable energy strategy in China. Meanwhile, environmental issues were induced by massive fossil energy consumption. Most of energy is generated by non-renewable fossil resources in China. These resources will be exhausted in the following couple of decades. Otherwise, the environmental issues were also exposed, most of greenhouse gas and pollutants emission are generated during the process of fossil energy production and use. Renewable energy resources, due to their zero or near-zero emissions of GHGs and air pollutants, are progressively becoming a greater part of the global energy sector . In the national level, Chinese government planned non-fossil fuel energy to reach 11.4 percent and 15 percent of the total energy consumption by 2015 and 2020 .
In rural China,
At the beginning of the year the President of the United States announced that the United States was in the middle of a nation wide energy crisis. The President gave many solutions including using more solar and wind energy, nuclear power, and drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR). The President told the American people that they would have to watch their energy use and conserve as much as possible. Gas prices reached $2 per gallon in the Midwest for the second straight summer, and California continued to be hit by unprecedented power woes that forced rolling blackouts. The price of crude oil rose sharply, from around $10 a barrel to a peak of $37. The
Energy is more than a utility that keeps the lights on in our homes or the gas in our cars; it’s a foundational resource that plays a key role in a nation’s ability to provided economic opportunity and basic services and security to its people. As such, it is imperative to a nation’s overall security that it develops/acquires access to energy, ensures energy needs are properly met and supplies are readily available, and disruptions minimized. Policy directs that the U.S. has a role in developing energy security throughout the world. For the U.S., we’ve long recognized the importance of energy security and have gone to great lengths to ensure its protection by developing depth and breadth in energy capabilities,
In the first half of the 20th century, culminating with World War II, the notion of energy security was closely tied to the supply of fuels for the military. When the British Navy switched from domestic coal to imported oil in the early 20th century, it became vulnerable to an enemy’s occupation of oil fields or attacks on transportation lines or refineries. The battles over oil fields in Indonesia, the Middle East, the Caucasus and Romania during World War II vividly highlighted the military importance of oil supplies .
If Americans didn't have energy then we wouldn't have cars we wouldn't have stores we wouldn't have really anything. The reason is because most things that we have or use now days use energy or something like that.Then no businesses would be making money and no one would have anything so that's one reason why we Americans need energy.
In recent years, China has surpassed the United States for wind energy production. Due to this, many believe that at this rate, it seems that they will dominate and revolutionize the future of the wind energy industry. In the past couple of years, the United States has been the leader in wind energy production. However, in 2011, China surpassed the United States, and is expected to dominate wind energy in the future due to its many positive aspects and various benefits. Although many people support the idea of wind energy in China, they often question to which category this form of energy belongs to, and what it actually is. Wind falls under the category of green energy, which is usually defined as energy that can be produced in a way that protects the natural environment. Wind energy has many reasons that makes it an ideal source of energy because they are clean, efficient, and endless forms of energy. However, some are against this form of energy because the turbines can be a threat to wildlife, and can disrupt neighboring communities. Even though people may think that wind power has a bad influence on communities and habitats, it is beneficial because it creates less pollution, produces a large amount of energy, and helps create various business and political opportunities.
The Unites States and The People’s Republic of China have been ever growing superpowers on the world scene since the last century. Their economies, military and social policies have been models and adapted by other nations on Earth and their present day influences in these same criteria seem to have no end. The driving force behind China’s industrialization and the United State’s global influence are one in the same; Energy. Both these nations have been fortunate enough through their geological locations to be able to find and harvest different sources of energy to propel their governments, economies, militaries, ect and with the help of harvesting the ingenuity of their respective populations to drive the discovery of more efficient and productive technologies in aspects of economics, home life and energy. This essay will go on to illustrate what energy sources either nations use and why they use them, what sources of energy they are trying to further develop and what sources of energy they import as well as export. Finally, We will touch upon the energy relationship between the US and China and compare this relationship through one or more international relations theories.
So how much energy did you use today? Probably you have little or no idea. You are not alone. Unfortunately, this is just one of many resource-related questions that require our attention yet receive little of it. Others include: Which energy sources did you use?; What was the price of the energy per kilowatt-hour produced?; Where did this energy originate from both geologically and geopolitically?; Is the energy source that you used exhaustible?; What social and ecological damage can result from the use of this energy source and how does this compare with other available ones? All of these questions require our attention if we are going to contribute to the dialogue concerning our national energy policy.
Carlos Pascual, The New Geopolitics of Energy, Center on Global Energy Policy, Columbia University, September 2015, 37 pp.
The diversification in terms of sustainable energy and the utilization renewable energy options in various practical uses have become one of the most significant factors as a substitutable source for oil and gas. In addition, it could be a viable solution for environmental problems. Omubo-Pepple et al. (2009) believe that the effective solution for environmental degradation, resulted from the use of fossil fuels which caused some dangerous problems such as acid rain, green house effect and ozone layer depletion, is to increase in renewable energy options uses. Indeed, some countries such as United States, Germany, Spain and Japan are progressively undergoing transition from hydrocarbon-based economy to one based on sustainable forms
Energy and power do indeed mark the pillars of any national economy and China is no different. China, with one of the world's largest populations has an economy which is founded on the context of high labour, great deals of labour and thus needs the relevant resources of energy to support these moves, amid a high level of competition. This is particularly exacerbated by the fact that in the last ten years, China has gone through marked industrial and urban development at record speed with the strong development of the gross domestic product (Best & Levina, 2012). This created a doubled consumption of their energy demands; making China the leading energy consumer in the world (Best& Levina, 2012). Thus, certain details like pricing, the mechanisms of pricing, the ability to transport and other choices mean that a range of factors come into play given the decisions connected to China selecting coals at the main means of their electric generation planning.
The Relationship between energy independence, in the form of Energy Security Risk points, and Shale Gas Production in the United States.
In sum, for the United States to continue to compete with other major international economies, the country must further prioritize the cultivation of low carbon energy from the nuclear and renewable industries. Still yet, expanding the country’s nuclear and renewable energy infrastructure necessitates successfully addressing the prohibitive costs of initial development in both industries. At various points, the federal government has taken steps to do just that through the implementation of tax incentives and/or loan guarantees. However, the nation’s leaders have failed to institute a comprehensive and stable fiscal policy that the nuclear and renewable industries can depend on to make manageable the cost of developing both energies into the future. If the country’s energy infrastructure is to be adequately modernized to keep pace with international economic trends, that must change.
The fragile dynamic between a country’s energy security and the state of our world’s climate is something that faces every nation on this planet. It is especially difficult for countries still in the process of development because they need more than anyone to be able to make use of petroleum energy, which in a relative sense, is currently the most efficient and easily accessible. The issue herein is that petroleum energy releases large amounts of carbon-dioxide into the atmosphere warming the planet with devastating effects. The small South American country of Ecuador is rich with petroleum resources. For it, this created a vulnerability known as the Dutch Disease. A condition characterized by a country’s sudden influx of foreign investment, it is often due to discovery of natural resources like petroleum. Usually what occurs after such investment is either severe mismanagement of the funds or overinvestment into one particular sector of the economy. This lack of economic diversity would be problematic in the event of a market collapse of that sector and it is what we see in Ecuador as a result of the effects of the world oil price collapse.
In 2015, China submitted its Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) to the UNFCCC. In this INDC, China has promised to peak its total emission and achieve 20% of non-fossil fuels in its energy generation mix by the year 2030. For the energy sector, China’s total primary energy consumption in
A big uncertainty that arises for the energy industry in Canada surrounds the new U.S. administration. According to National Resources Canada, Canada currently exports 99% of its oil and gas to the U.S. (2017a). If Trump were to revise the current NAFTA agreement, and impose a tax on imports to the U.S. from Canada, it could result in Canada losing a major partner, and cause the economy to take a hit. As mentioned, President Trump is in support of the Keystone XL pipeline, however, that then also comes under scrutiny for how much of the profit would Trump expect. As of November 2017, the Keystone XL pipeline is approved, but on an alternative route, and it still faces challenges. If