Enzyme Formal Lab Report

Both low pH levels and high pH levels produced a low amount of catalase activity.

Amylase experiment # 2 was done to see how the pH affected the efficacy of the enzyme. First we collected all of the materials that were necessary to make this experiment. We needed five clean test tubes, the following standard solutions, 1% Starch Solution pH 3,1% Starch Solution pH 5,1% Starch Solution pH 7,1% Starch Solution pH 9,1% Starch Solution pH 11

The practical was carried out to investigate the effect of pH on the reaction of the enzyme acid phosphatase.

From Figure 5, Vmax = 0.0172 and Km = 0.3144. At ½ Vmax (Figure 4), the rate of reaction increases steadily with an increase in substrate concentration. At this point, the rate of product formation is partially limited by substrate availability. As the curve approaches Vmax, the enzyme catalyzed saturation increases. In effect, the enzyme activity increases the rate of product formation up to a point whereby the reaction rate remains constant as more substrate is added (saturation).

Therefore the optimum temperature for sucrase is 37 degrees Celsius, the optimum pH is 2.0, and the optimum concentration is 10%.

State the optimum pH for sucrase activity and how sucrase activity changes at more acidic and alkaline pH values. The optimum pH for sucrase activity is 6 and decrease with greater acidic and alkalline values.

If the substrate concentration is increased then the rate of a catalase reaction will also increase until it reaches the optimal concentration or saturation point and will remain constant. This is because there will be more substrate molecules in a higher concentration therefore a higher frequency of collisions. This increases enzyme activity and more product will be formed. However at a certain concentration the enzymes will become saturated (all

These results shown from this experiment led us to conclude that enzymes work best at certain pH rates. For this particular enzyme, pH 7 worked best. When compared to high levels of pH, the lower levels worked better. The wrong level of pH can denature enzymes; therefore finding the right level is essential. The independent variable was the amount of pH, and the dependent being the rate of oxygen. The results are reliable as they are reinforced by the fact that enzymes typically work best at neutral pH

• Determine concentration of enzyme stock solution, if unknown, by taking an A280 nm reading of a 1:100 dilution (in water). Use a total volume of 1 ml in the cuvette.

Changes in pH also alter an enzyme’s shape. Different enzymes work best at different pH values. The optimum pH for an enzyme depends on where it normally works. For example, intestinal enzymes have an optimum pH of about 7.5 whereas enzymes in the stomach have an optimum pH of about 2.

2. Salivary amylase, an enzyme in saliva that breaks down starch, has an optimal pH of 6.7-7.0. Explain why salivary amylase is active

However, the rate of reaction only increases for a certain period of time until there is lesser substrate molecules than the enzyme molecules. The increase of enzyme concentration does not have effect if there are lesser substrate molecules than enzyme molecules initially.

We then tested the last set of test tubes containing milk and lactase, we did this to find which ones would present the most glucose concentration results, when placed in different temperatures, 4°C, boiling and room temperature. What we wanted to know was how far temperature could affect lactase to perform its enzymatic activity. We hypothesized that if the lactase is placed in a high or low temperature outside its active range, the temperatures would have a negative impact on the functions of the enzyme. If the temperature has an affect on lactose then we would see some temperatures in which lactase will be function able. We came to a conclusion that enzymes work at a temperature that is closest to body temperature (25°C); boiling water (100°C) denatures the enzyme, while the enzyme is not able to function properly if

However, as the concentration of substrate and enzyme increases, the rate of enzyme activity

The purpose of this lab is to examine the specificity of the lactase enzyme to a specific substrate and how it can denature due to the rise in temperature.