Epidural Anesthesia Essay

Anesthesiologists give patients anesthetics in a variety of ways, such as “orally, intravenously, by gas or direct injection to render patients insensible to pain Anesthesiologists typically maintain the same daily schedule a surgeon follows, participating in both scheduled and unscheduled operations. Anesthesiologists are responsible for determining the proper anesthetic and dosage level for each patient. They monitor the patients progress prior to, during, and after surgery.”(“Anesthesiologist” 31)

For a few years now I have been very interested in anesthesiology. When my sister had my niece, I watched as they gave her the epidural, I became very intrigued with this career.I am going to write in my research paper what exactly they do, how to become one, the risks, and the importance. In my project I am going to show where you must inject the anesthesia, and again bring up the

General anesthesia may be needed if there are complications. This is because you need special care when you are under general anesthesia.

In this study, we compared the safety and efficacy of continuous spinal anesthesia using Spinocath versus continuous epidural anesthesia in high-risk elderly patients undergoing major orthopedic lower limb surgeries. One of the finding of the present study is that the performance time of CEA was significantly shorter than that of CSA; there was greater difficulty in catheter introduction and subsequent extraction of the introducing needle in the CSA group. This finding is not consistent with the findings from other studies done by Sutter and colleagues [10], Klimscha and colleagues [11], as well as Parthasarathy and Ravishankar [12]. this because in CSA group of these studies the Tuohy needle was advanced directly until cerebrospinal fluid

Intraneural injection is a risk associated with regional anesthesia and has the potential to cause peripheral nerve injury. Therefore, anesthesia providers elicit the use of diagnostic technologies to avoid such an occurrence. Until the early 1990’s, nerve stimulation was the preferred technique for performing regional anesthesia, although this is a blind method that is solely reliant on motor feedback. However, with the introduction of ultrasound guidance, it is now possible to visualize the difference between perineural, intraneural, and intrafascicular injections and to determine their association with postoperative neurological complications (Jeng & Rosenblatt, 2011, p. 54). Today, the combined technique of ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia

Epidural injection administration routes include transforaminal, interlaminar, and caudal approaches. Epidural injection with corticosteroid (triamcinolone, methylprednisolone, betamethasone, and dexamethasone,) is a common treatment option for patients with lower back pain or sciatica. The most beneficial and effective route of administration for epidural steroids remain

Spinal anaesthesia is a safe and effective alternative to general anaesthesia when the surgical site is located on the lower extremities, perineum and lower abdominal region. It has got the advantage of being, cost-effective, easy administration technique, rapid onset of action, with relatively less adverse effects and most importantly patient remaining aroused throughout the procedure1-2. Surgical procedure that is often performed under general anesthesia have side such as postoperative nausea and vomiting, short-term cognitive impairment, prolonged sedation and early postoperative pain may be undesirable in outpatients, elderly and cardiovascular compromised patients3.

Bupivacaine hydrochloride is indicated for local anaesthesia; this includes nerve block, infiltration, epidural (with fentanyl) and intrathecal (spinal) anaesthesia and analgesia (MIMS, 2013). Generally a single-shot injection is administered, however, to achieve prolonged anaesthesia and post-operative analgesia, the drug can be co-administered with adrenaline (Halaszynski, 2010). This drug is commonly used for medical pain during general and dental surgical procedures, obstetrical as well as diagnostic and therapeutic procedures (Bullock and Manias, 2013).

Spinal anesthesia is widely used for inguinal hernia repair, providing a fast onset and adequate sensory and motor blockade. The use of hyperbaric local anaesthetic solutions results in a more predictable cephalad spread, and also increases the duration of the clinically useful block (given by duration at the T10 dermatome), and leads to a more rapid withdrawl of sensory block and recovery from motor block.In order to increase postoperative analgesia, a number of adjuvants like opioids, ketamine, clonidine and neostigmine are often added. Fentanyl has been widely used as an

Caudal anesthesia is the safest and easiest approach to the epidural space. Caudal block can be used as the sole anesthetic for some procedures, or adjuvant with general anesthesia (3). Caudal block is superior technique compared to spinal anesthesia due to higher success rate, duration of recovery and less postoperative need of analgesics (4).

The technique of painless delivery called as Epidural Anaesthesia. It is becoming a popular technique amongst pregnant woman and are asking their doctors about it. Doctors also advise this method to the patients who prefer caesarian section only because they fear the pain during labor.

Two other reports describe the use of epidural anesthesia in the NMO obstetric patients. One defined an NMO patient who received epidural anesthetic for an urgent cesarean delivery because of a non-reassuring fetal heart tracing

Also known as “general anesthesia”, this is the strongest form of sedative an individual can receive, and results in a partial or complete state of unconsciousness. Nothing is felt throughout the procedure, and it very difficult to wake up the patient until the medication has worn off.

Oral sedation – May be an alternative option to local anesthesia. It is medication taken orally to put you into a relaxed state before operation.

Our state-of-the-art anesthesia delivery system is a computer-controlled dental injection. Because a computer carefully controls the flow rate of medicine, the procedure is virtually pain free.