UNDERLYING CONCEPTS
A. Theoretical Background
1. Anatomy and Physiology The major function of the respiratory system is to supply the body with oxygen and to dispose of carbon dioxide. To do this, at least four distinct events, collectively called respiration, must occur. Pulmonary ventilation is when air moves in and out of the lungs so that gasses in the air sacs are continuously refreshed, and this process is commonly called breathing. External respiration is when gas exchange between the pulmonary blood and alveoli takes place. Respiratory gas transport is when oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported to and from the lungs and tissue cells of the body via the bloodstream. Internal respiration is when systemic capillaries, gas exchanges are made between the blood and tissue cells. To take breathe in, there are mechanical activities that must occur. Rule is the volume changes leading to pressure changes, which leads to the flow of gasses to equalize pressure. Inspiration is when air flows into the lungs, chest is expanded laterally,
…show more content…
Chemical factors are the most important factors that modify respiratory rate and depth. The levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the blood, increased levels of carbon dioxide and decreased blood pH are the most important stimuli leading to an increase in the rate and depth of breathing, while a decrease in oxygen levels become important stimuli when the levels are dangerously low. Hyperventilation blows off more carbon dioxide and decreases the amount of carbonic acid, which returns blood pH to normal range when carbon dioxide or other sources of acids begin to accumulate in the blood. Hypoventilation or extremely slow or shallow breathing allows carbon dioxide to accumulate in the blood and brings blood pH back into normal range when blood starts to become slightly
The function of the connective tissue is to support, bind, cover, protect and give structure to the body.
The respiration system is the process of supplying oxygen to the cells so that cells can metabolise energy. The main functions of the respiratory system are to maintain oxygen supply to cells, to remove water from the body, and to remove carbon dioxide from the body.
1. Name the circulatory system that carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.
The primary function of the respiratory system is the exchange of gases. The respiratory system allows oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, this is necessary to sustain life. During the process of breathing air is inhaled and carbon dioxide is exhaled, this change of gases occurs in the alveoli. The inhaled oxygen passes into the alveoli and then diffuses into arterial blood. The waste rich blood from the veins releases carbon dioxide into the alveoli which is
The diaphragm separates the chest and the abdomen as well as this it has a large role in breathing. The diaphragm moves down when we breathe in which expands the chest cavity making room for air to enter through the nasal cavity or mouth. When we breathe out the diaphragm moves upwards, forcing the chest cavity to reduce in size and pushing the gases in the lungs up and out of either the nose or mouth.
As Jim’s muscles are at maximum demand, his mitochondria are unable to produce the needed ATP through aerobic respiration because oxygen is unable to diffuse fast enough into his muscle fibers. At this time anaerobic
The concentration of dissolved substances is less in the extracellular fluid than in the cytoplasm. Hypotonic Solution Concentration of dissolved substances (solute) Concentration of water (solvent) What happens to an animal cells? Inside the cell Greater Less Outside the cell Less Greater Membrane
Answer 2: The respiratory system functions in the exchange of gases with the outside environment. Oxygen is inhaled through the nasal cavity or the mouth, and it travels to the alveoli in the lungs. There, the capillaries exchange the oxygen for carbon dioxide. The oxygenated blood flows back to the heart from the lungs. It enters the left side of the heart and is delivered to all the body tissues via the aorta. In the capillaries of the body tissues, oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide. This deoxygenated blood flows back to the right side of the heart and then to the lung. In the capillaries that run across the alveoli, carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen that has recently been inhaled. The carbon dioxide will then be exhaled through the mouth and nasal cavity.
The respiratory system is a complex organ structure of the human body anatomy, and the primary purpose of this system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood vessels to carry the precious gaseous element to all parts of the body to accomplish cell respiration. The respiratory system completes this important function of breathing throughout inspiration. In the breathing process inhaling oxygen is essential for cells to metabolize nutrients and carry out some other tasks, but it must occur simultaneously with exhaling when the carbon dioxide is excreted, this exchange of gases is the respiratory system's means of getting oxygen to the blood (McGowan, Jefferies & Turley, 2004).
The Respiratory system is an integrated system of organs involved in the intake and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and the environment. Your Respiratory system is made up of the organs in your body that help you breathe. The Respiratory system is the system of the body that deals with breathing. The trachea is a wind pipe. The trachea is a pipe shaped by rings of cartillage. A Bronchi are two tubes that carry air into the lungs. The Respiratory system consistes of many different organs. The organs are the lungs, trachea, bronchi, alveoli, diaphragm, nose, mouth, and pharynx. In the Respiratory system the right lung is larger and has more lobes that the left lung becuase the heart is normally located on the left side, and takes up space where the lung would had been. The functions of the Respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body. The Respiratory system is also used for the of exchange gases. The importance of the Respiratory system is that it allows for the exchange of gases; meaning carbon dioxide and oxygen. These gas exchanges occur in the alveoli's and the capillaries. This gas exchange of gases is the Respiratory system's means of getting oxygen to the blood. The goal of breathing is to
The main organs of the respiratory system are the lungs – they are the location where the gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. The lungs therefore expand when you breathe in, and retract when you breathe out. This is done through the diaphragm – a sheet of muscle that is positioned under the lungs. As one inhales, their diaphragm contracts and moves itself downward, increasing the space for your lungs to expand to. The ribs also move to enlarge the possible area the lungs can expand to. This pressure causes air to be sucked through the body to the lungs. When one exhales, the opposite takes place – the diaphragm moves upwards and returns to normal, allowing the process to happen again.
As we breathe in, the muscles in the chest wall force the thoracic area, ribs and connective muscles to contract and expand the chest. The diaphragm is contracted and moves down as the area inside the chest increases as air enters the lungs. The lungs are forced open by this expansion and the pressure inside the lungs becomes enough that it pulls
The respiratory system consists of all the organs involved in breathing. These include the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs. The respiratory system does two very important things: it brings oxygen into our bodies, which we need for our cells to live and function properly; and it helps us get rid of carbon dioxide, which is a waste product of cellular function. The nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi all work like a system of pipes through which the air is funnelled down into our lungs. There, in very small air sacs called alveoli, oxygen is brought into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is pushed from the blood out into the air. When something goes wrong with part of the respiratory
This study was conducted to test whether or not lung capacity and breath holding time are positively correlated. After performing a simple study to test these two factors, it was found that they are in fact not correlated at all. Both lung capacity and breath holding time have many different influencing factors that make them uncorrelated to each other.
The respiratory system is a group of organs that work together to bring the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide into and from the blood. Its main function is to transport oxygen into the body and the excrete carbon dioxide out of the body. Respiration can occur at two separate levels, the level of the cell (internal respiration) and the level of the organism (external respiration). Internal respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and body cells. External respiration, more commonly known as breathing, is the exchange of gases between the air and the blood in the lungs.