Essay On Carcinoma

8. After surgery, R.T. is admitted to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) with a large

Solid tumors can be either malignant or benign. Malignant solid tumors are cancerous, while benign solid tumors are not. The names of solid tumors vary depending on the cells or tissues that from them. Examples of solid tumors include sarcomas (connective tissues e.g. fat cells, muscles, nerves, tendons etc), carcinomas (begin in tissues that lines the internal surface of the body and body organs e.g. breast, lung, prostrate, and colon), Lymphomas (affects the immune system).

The most serious type of skin cancer is melanoma. Melanoma begins in the melanocytes and forms tumors that are usually brown or black. Any skin on the body can develop melanoma. The common places for melanoma to start are the back and chest of men and the legs of women while the neck and face are also common spots. Although it is uncommon, melanoma can also be found in the eyes and mouth. The skin is the main organ affected by melanoma but its is possible for the cancer cells to spread to internal organs. If melanoma is spread to the immune system, it can trick it to not destroy the cancer cells by use of immune cell proteins. Melanocytes are cells with pigment in them, that give the skin its color and are also the cells that become melanoma.

Sitting across from the doctor’s desk, listening to him say the last three words no one ever imagined. You have cancer. The hard plastic chair and the atmosphere in the room suddenly feel colder as your body and mind go still. The doctor rambles on about the state of the condition, but nothing is absorbed. There is only one thing that needs answering. Is this curable? Cancer is a truly devastating verdict to be given and something no one is ready for. Every city, state, country, and continent in the world experiences great loss due to deaths from cancer. It does not discriminate between men and women, young or old, black or white. Dying from cancer is not how anyone would want

The most common type of bladder cancer is called Urothelial Carcinoma also known as Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC). This cancer starts in the deepest layer that surrounds the bladder. Bladder cancers are described on how far they have interfered into the wall of the bladder: Non-invasive and Invasive. “Non-invasive cancers are still in the inner layer of cells (the transitional epithelium) but have not grown into the deeper layers. Invasive cancers have grown into deeper layers of the bladder wall. These cancers are more likely to spread and are harder to treat (2016 American Cancer Society, Inc).”Another common type of bladder cancer is called Squamous cell carcinoma. The cells are flat cells that are found on the surface of the skin. Almost all squamous cell carcinomas are

Both basal and squamous cell cancers are found mainly on areas of the skin that are exposed to the sun- the head, neck hands and arms. However skin cancer can occur anywhere.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma, also referred to as SCC, is a growth of abnormal cells that forms in squamous cells. It is the second most common type of skin cancer and it is uncontrollable. Since squamous cells make up most of the outer and upper skin layer, the epidermis, SCC is very dangerous and one of the easier skin cancers to develop (Skin Cancer Foundation). It is defined as being a non-melanoma or keratinocytic type of skin cancer, meaning it does not form any melanoma -- dark-pigmented tumors that come from a skin cell. Non-melanoma skin cancer almost always develops from the outer skin surface. While it is typically developed from too much sun in long periods of time, SCC has another dangerous enemy: smoke.

Cancer! It’s a scary word and one with so many definitions. It creates anxiety, sadness and fear. At least that’s how I feel when I hear that word. No one wants to hear they have cancer, no one deserves to hear they have to endure a battle ahead of them that will include the unknown. The unknown! It includes questions that I am sure every patient, parent, loved one and friend wants to know, but yet they fear the answers to. I am fortunate, lucky to be healthy and that truly has been what has motivated me. I have witnessed first-hand as I am sure so many have what cancer can do, what it changes and how it can be destructive. I have also been fortunate enough to see how it can been motivating, uplifting, life altering and something that becomes

Cancers that arise from skin are called skin cancers. They are caused by the development of abnormal cells that will invade and spread to other parts of your body. Although there any many types of skin cancer let’s talk about the three most common skin cancers. Basal cell skin cancer, squamous-cell skin cancer and melanoma. Basal cell skin cancer and squamous cell skin cancer as well as numerous other less common skin cancers are known as no melanoma skin cancer. Basal cell grows slowly and might damage tissue around it. Squamous cell skin cancer looks like a red scaling thickened patch on sun-exposed areas of your body. Melanoma skin cancer can be various colors from black to brown appearing like a mole on your skin. You may also see

Obtaining an accurate pathologic diagnosis can be challenging, however. Many characteristic features on histologic examination of melanomas aid in the diagnosis, but there is currently no single feature that is pathognomic for the disease. Histologic examination of melanoma classically shows cytologic atypia with enlarged cells with aberrant, large, pleomorphic, hyperchromic nuclei and prominent nucleoli in company of increased mitotic activity. A pagetoid growth pattern with upward growth of the melanocytes is considered highly suspicious for melanoma.[4] Immunohistochemical stains are typically used for complementary purposes. S-100 and homatropine methylbromide (HMB45) usually stain positive in these tumors. Due to S-100’s high sensitivity

Squamous cell carcinoma is a form of cancer that occurs in the squamous cells, which are located on the surface layer of many organs and is most commonly associated with the epidermis of our skin. However, squamous cells are not only in the tissue that we see on the exterior of the body, but many of the surface tissues on the interior of our body like the oral cavity, lungs, and digestive tract.

Benign tumors are one of the well-known tumors to be associated with breast cancer. Benign tumors do not spread around the body as the tumor enlarges, making it less deadly and easier to remove than others, however benign tumors are still a threat to the body. Malignant tumors, are known to be deadly. As malignant tumors enlarge it will soon spread around the body. One notably malignant tumor is called carcinoma. There two common type of carcinoma, situ and invasive. Adrian C. Bateman (2009) states that, “Both situ and invasive are present as breast mass, nipple discharge… However, in invasive carcinoma, through macroscopic examination of the tumor cell, these cell tend to be firm pale tissue that have a “gritty” consistency. Also invasive carcinoma starts close to ducts” (2). The starting point for invasive carcinoma, allows tumors to gradually infect lymph nodes (axillary nodes first) and blood that are present in the breast, eventually causing it to spread further away from the breast and possibly to other parts of the

At this point in time, 1951, cell cultures were unable to sustain life when taken to the lab. George Gey's goals was to be the first scientist to be able to grow live human cells outside of the human body which up until HeLa, was never done before. Also, in this time era, racism was still a big issue that limited the hospitals Henrietta was able to go to. Who knows what would've happened if she didn't go to John Hopkins Hospital and they didn't take her cells. From Henrietta's biopsy she was diagnosed with cervical cancer. With that I learned that there were two different types of cervical carcinomas; invasive and non-invasive. Henrietta had non-invasive which they also called carcinoma in situ because the cancer was in its original place. This type had been possible to diagnose for only 10 years. Before Henrietta's diagnosis he had began a study to prove carcinoma in situ was just as dangerous as invasive carcinoma. When Henrietta's cells were taken to the lab, Mary Kubicek didn't thing anything of it because all previous cells had died over and over again. However, soon after the cells were growing with " mythological

cause as it takes a long time for a cell to become cancerous, as there

In recent years, cancer prevalence has been increasing globally. It is now one of the top 10 causes of death among the middle and high income countries worldwide (World Health Organisation, 2008). In Singapore, cancer has surpassed cardiovascular disease and become the top killer over the last 3 years (Ministry of Health, 2007). Breast cancer tops the chart among Singaporean women (Health Promotion Board, 2007). Thousands of women are diagnosed with breast cancer annually and it causes approximately 270 deaths each year (Jara-Lazaro, et al., 2010). The lifetime risk that a woman in Singapore getting breast cancer is now 1 in every 17 which has risen compared to past two decades (National Cancer Centre Singapore, 2006). Hence, breast