Essay On Maryland Climate

The geography of the southern colonies consists of deep wide rivers, the Atlantic coastal plain, and good harbors. These will all be positive attributes due to the rivers and harbors can be used for transportation and the Atlantic coastal plain is easy to travel on. The climate however, can be challenging at some points. The summers are very hot and humid which could be difficult to function in. But the winters are very mild and would be much better. Overall the geography and climate seem fall in the middle. The geography is an asset but the climate may be an obstacle.

Finally, the geography of the middle colonies, such as New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania played a big role on the development and population of this area. In the sixteen and seventeen hundreds, the above colonies were the most populated of the thirteen establishments. There was plentiful and fertile soil, in which tobacco was heavily grown. The Susquehanna River also flowed through this region, opening the possibility of fur trade. Other minor rivers that were found in the middle colonies were gentle, which provided for easy transportation and fishing. The land in the middle colonies was broad and expansive, making it easy for even the middle class residents to create an enjoyable and profitable lifestyle.

There are similarities and differences of the geography of New England and Southern colonies. The South had mild, rainy winters and long hot humid summers. This means,the South could grow many crops. According to “A Virginia Plantation,” the south had lots of plantations with tobacco and corn (Doc 6). However, New England had long cold winters and a short growing season. This means New England did not grow as many crops as the South. Instead, many colonists had small farms for their family or community. Therefore, the differences in geography helped to shape the development of the New England and Southern regions.

The three colonies all wanted to make money but they had to go about it in different ways. This was mainly due to what they had available. The New England Colonies were mainly agricultural farmers. With all the water reservoirs like Cape Cod there were plenty of fish so lots of people became fishermen. There were a lot of lumberjacks to cut down trees and export them to England. The Middle Colonies were extremely different because they set up extensive cosmopolitan cities reminiscent of New York. They had many specialists like doctors, lawyers, accountants, and teachers. They traded a lot with in North America and occasionally overseas. The Southern Colonies primarily depended on cotton and tobacco plantations. As the plantations grew they had to employ black slaves. The plantations were fully self contained with their own blacksmith, teachers and professionals. So there were no big cities or towns. The main plantations traded directly with Europe via the Mississippi. The three colonies all made money differently with their diverse professions and traders.

In Maryland, the trend was similar. The population of whites grew from 563 to 138,781, and the population of blacks grew from 20 to 63,818. They were only 31% of the population, but one must keep in mind the difference in both size of land and population. While the import of slaves spiked over the course of the seventeenth century , the number of indentured servants rose and then quickly fell . As the colonies matured, the desire for cheap labor likely rose, leading to an increase in slave importation and the indentured servant system eventually dying out. It was likely more convenient to have workers for a lifetime rather than just seven years, and it was also likely far cheaper to purchase slaves. The distribution of wealth in Virginia also spiked, before becoming more evenly spread amongst both the upper and middle classes around the 1720s-1750s . Meanwhile in Maryland, the average gross personal wealth

Jamestown focused on agriculture, more specifically in the production of tobacco or “Brown Gold”. However, Massachusetts Bay had poor land and weather, and decided to focused on small farming, but relied heavily on trading ties with Britain to create a steady economy. Because farming was a large deal in Jamestown, indentured servants were used to help boost production. However, after the Bacon’s Rebellion in 1676, the upper class/ plantation owners turned to a new form of servitude, slavery. Slavery greatly increased economy even though slaves were expensive, they worked for life and could reproduce. It also helped with the trading going between America, Europe, and Africa. The part of this trading system became known as the middle passage. However, slavery isn't seen as much throughout Massachusetts because of the lack of large scale

The Southern Colonies depended on agriculture for their economy. The crops required a lot of hard work so by the 1700s, they started using African slaves as a main source of labor. People of the Southern Colonies used wood and tar for building ships and some colonies traded with Indians who were local for deerskins to sell.

This was a key factor in the diversification of industry in New England. The climate of New England increased life expectancy as it was very difficult for disease to nourish in such conditions. The climate of the Chesapeake region was almost the perfect condition for the nourishment of disease and was really great for the mass production of staple crop. Such great conditions for staple crop lead to the development of large plantations of Rice and Tobacco which raised the margin for cheap labor. This is what caused the rise of indentured servants and the Monopoly of the Royal African Company to proceed with profit making from

New and the Chesapeake’s both had significant and similar purpose to escape from Europe and make states that can allow their own freedom. However, in time both regions began to change and in most ways different in many divisions. Many of these changes or differences such as purpose for freedom, the climate and the environment, and political and economic structures through the changes. Each of these changed the regions own perspective and back ground thus making these regions very different in was unimaginable.

There was very little development of the industry as a result of plantation owners putting all of their money into their land and slaves. This resulted in little investment and was therefore the cause for little development. The little bit of industry development that there was resulted in Lumber, fur and Naval store trading. In the Middle Colonies the establishment was also partially economical, with the exception of Pennsylvania. Just as in the South these colonies were established to serve the mother country, however the agriculture was producing different crops, and the industry was producing fur and Naval supplies but not much Lumber. The agricultural aspect of the economy flourished because of the moderate climate which provided for longer growing seasons and also the rich soil found in the area. The main crops were Wheat, Barley, Fruit and livestock was also produced. These colonies were known as "The Bread Basket." Although mainly established for religious reasons the north also contributed to the mercantile system. The climate was cold ad growing seasons were short, the soil was rocky and it was hard to produce crops. However small amounts of Beans, Barley, Oats and corn were produced along with livestock. The main economic advantage in the North was the fact that it was in a good trading location and had good ports. This is why the

The weather greatly influenced the food produced in each region. In New England colonies people would go fishing. Fishing was successful, they managed to get cod fish, mackerel, herring and bass. Farming wasn’t as successful because during the ice age the glaciers took away the fertile soil and moved it to north and south colonies. It left a rocky land which made it hard to farm but they did manage to farm corn, pumpkins, rye, squash and beans. Glaciers from the North (New England) brought fertile soil to the middle colonies. Since it was farther south the farming seasons lasted even longer with lots of sunlight and rain. The farmers could also hunt and trap wild animals. The middle colonies farmed wheat and other grains. They are known as the bread basket colonies. The southern colonies where a great place to farm. The tidewater left minerals of the midland which made the soil very fertile. Since these colonies are in the south the farming season lasted the longest. The weather was sunny and moist which made it perfect for farming (cash crops.) They grew corn, rice, indigo and tobacco. The Southern Colonies were famous for trading tobacco, they usually traded their tobacco for slaves to grow the tobacco. The wide rivers near the plantation sites were an excellent source of

The economy of the two regions also greatly differed because of the terrain that they landed on. Because the land in the south was much more fertile than in the north, the southern colonies thrived in rice and tobacco, profiting greatly. In New England the settlers could not grow anything in the rocky terrain and were forced into fishing, building, and farming. However, not much farming went on because of the infertile soil. In the Chesapeake slaves were also a main part of their economy. The slave trade made them very wealthy because of their closeness to the West Indies. They would be shipped many slaves and then use them to harvest their crops and plant their land. Soon, the slaves outnumbered white settlers by about four to one.

The economy of the Chesapeake and New England were both directly affected by their geographical locations and surroundings. The Chesapeake colonies were very rich and fertile in soil, which allowed them to develop an agricultural-based economy; whereas, the New England colonies were

The citizens of the Southern Colonies such as Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina were mainly successful with lots of crops; mostly tobacco and rice, which in turn gained a lot of money for them. These large plantations usually were farmed by forced labor of

By 1750, about 200,000 slaves lived in the colonies and most of them in the south, where the warm climate and good soil permitted the great development of plantations such as rice, tobacco, sugar cane and cotton among others. Slaves therefore played a big role in these plantations working directly in the fields, though some others worked as servants craft workers, etc. In the northern colonies, slaves worked in factories, homes, and shipyards.