Essay On Silver Nanotechnology

"Silver Chloride (AgCl) - Properties and Applications." Silver Chloride (AgCl) - Properties and Applications. The A to Z of Materials, 2013. Web. 18 Feb 2014. <http://www.azom.com/article.aspx?Articl

Silver (Ag) is a metallic element with the atomic number of 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal possesses the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and reflectivity of any metal. Silver occurs in its pure, free form as an alloy with gold and other metals, and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite. More abundant than gold, silver metal has functioned in many pre modern monetary systems as coinable specie, sometimes even alongside gold.

Committing to silver has many benefits. First of that's their timeliness. History records over 6,000 years of trading with silver used. Another advantage is the wide range of industries wherewith these materials are applied upon. A few of which includes monetary coinage, jewelry, arts, computers, electronics, space travel, medicine, dentistry, among many more.

Targeted gene suppression by anti-sense DNA and siRNA exhibit many important preclinical results for a variety of diseases, such as many forms of cancer,genetic disorders,and macular degeneration.The skin is an attractive site for the delivery of nucleic acid-based drugs for the treatment of skin disorders.Topical application of nucleic acids have many therapeutic effects for suppressing genes in the skin.In this paper,scientists introduced spherical nucleic acid nanoparticle conjugates(SNA-NCs). SNA-NCs is designed as inorganic gold particles densely coated with highly oriented oligonucleotides. SNA-NCs can enter almost 100% of keratinocytes in vitro,Mouse skin, and human epidermis within hours after application.This design show a remarkable

There are also pros to the use of the element silver. Silver is used to make coins and jewelry. Silver is commonly used in electronics, because electricity flows better through silver. Silver can also be used as medicine. A Silver nitrite stick is used to control bleeding by (cauterizing) the skin. It’s like burning the skin, but not in a bad way. Silver nitrite sticks can be used to remove warts and skin tags too. Silver is found in a cream called silver silvadene, this cream is used for people who suffered 2nd or 3rd degree

In many of the above studies easy entry of the nanoparticles was facilitated either by leaky BBB in the case of brain tumor or by the effect of TAT peptides, lactoferrin etc conjugated to the nanoparticles. 2c-j Herein we report the use of gold cluster of very small size to target the brain, in the early stages of disease, when the barrier is not much distorted.

Nanoparticles are used because of their versatility in targeted drug delivery while minimizing toxicity. Gold is used as the basis for nanoparticles because it has a relatively high stability of ligand binding along with its decreased stability with other cells. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) also have a high concentration of glutathione, which is an antioxidant that prevents damage to cells from things like free radicals and peroxides.

Silver is bright and shining metal known to mankind from ancient times. From ancient time’s human civilization are using silver for jewelleries, utensils, weapons, coin, medicine, water containing tanks. From early days silver is assisting the immune system when it was plentiful available in dissolved metallic form in water[1]. In periodic table it is placed at 47th position near to heavy metal.it is a transition metal. It has atomic weight 107.8. Silver has good metallic property like malleability, ductility, thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity [2]. Silver exhibit the excellent anti-microbial property. After the development of nanotechnology we are using silver extensively in various area. Now a day we use silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) instead of metallic silver for many of daily uses. It is seen that AgNPs is highest degree of commercialisation among all the Nanoparticles in medical and health sector. There are numerous uses where AgNPs are used like in cloths, medicines, disinfectants, tiles, surgical equipment, and silver coated bone prosthesis. Nao silver is also used in room spray, paints and laundry detergents. Many manufacture using nano silver in washing machines and refrigerators. Silver coated or vessels are used to preserve water and wine mainly during long voyages.

On exposure to air or light in the presence of organic matter, silver nitrate becomes grey or greyish-black, and in the presence of traces of nitric acid, silver nitrate is stable to 350°C.

Nowadays, a large spectrum of the studies focus on nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) have a lot of application in many aspect from medicine and biotechnology to industry. Despite of the increasing studies on Ag-NPs, the mechanism, associated to their effects, especially probable toxicity on reproduction procedure, developmental process and offspring behavioral following this period, are not so clear. Therefore in the present study the effect of Ag-NPs exposure during gestational period on offspring's depression behavior was assessed. Thirty virgin female mice were divided into three groups (n= 10 for each group) including: one control and two experimental groups which one received low dose (0.2mg/kg) and the other received high

The complex and interesting optical properties can be shown clearly on Nanostructured metals the collective oscillations of the conduction electrons termed plasmons lead to most striking phenomenon encountered in these structures are resonances . Plasmon modes exist in a number of geometries and in various metals — most importantly in noble metals such as gold, copper and silver. Under certain circumstances plasmons are excited by light, which leads to strong light scattering and absorption and an enhancement of the local electromagnetic field. In 1989, based upon calculations, Neeves and Birnboim proposed that a composite spherical particle with a dielectric core and a metallic shell could produce SPR modes with a much larger range of wavelengths. The first nanoshells were made by Zhou et al. In the 1990’s. They used a Au2S core surrounded by a gold shell. Variations of these shells made it possible to shift the standard gold colloid plasmon resonance peak from ~520 nm up to ~900 nm. There was a limit however, of less than 40 nm on the size of nanoshell that they could achieve due to the chemistry of their synthesis reactions. The process also produced large amounts of gold colloid as a secondary product which gave an additional absorption peak at ~520 nm. Halas and coworkers synthesized a new type of gold nanoshell that overcame many of the limitations of the Au2S core type nanoshell. The new method replaced the Au2S core with a silica core and made it possible to exert

In the last twenty years Nanoscience and Nanotechnologies have become more significant and have found a lot of applications in many aspects; the synthesis making nanostructured materials with helpful and tunable properties is central to the evolution of nanoscale science and technology. Nanometre scale metal particles exhibit optical, electronic, magnetic and chemical properties which have wonderful technological and scholar value. Among them silver, copper, and gold nanoparticles (NP) offer powerful adsorption bands (Localised Surface Plasmon Resonance, LSPR) in the visual spectrum. The frequency of the LSPR is mightily dependent on various properties of the NP. The optical properties of metal NP are mightily affected by their composition, shape, size, and concerning climate, like the closeness of other particles. These nano-particles, in a collective surround the core, will do a shell. Metal nanoshells have shown formidable troth for systematic engineering of SPR. These are composite nanoparticles that make of a dielectric core covered with a few nanometers to a little tens of nanometers of a metal, ordinarily gold or silver. The SPR of these nanoparticles may be alteration over hundreds of nanometers in wavelength, across the visible and into the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum by the relative dimensions of the core and the shell.

The characteristics of the disc surface affect the flow patterns generated on the film as well as the residence time of the reactants film. The effect of disc texture on particle characteristics is depicted in Figure 7 and Figure 8. It can be seen that using the grooved disc surface results in smaller particle size and narrower particle size distribution as compared to smooth disc surface. A narrow particle size distribution for the production of silver nanoparticles was achieved by Iyer et al.[43] using the grooved disc. The authors postulated that that the corrugated nature of the grooved disc promoted shear induced micromixing of the thin film on the disc at higher rotational speed. The efficient micromixing ensured that all the particles were exposed to the similar conditions to maintain a narrow size distribution [43]. Similar enhancement effects of grooved surfaces have been reported for styrene polymerisation in the SDR [9]. It has also been suggested in the literature that surface textures have the potential to suppress liquid channelling or rivulet flow compared to a smooth surface under identical conditions of liquid flowrate and liquid properties so that a higher wetted area is achieved [44]. Rivulet flow as opposed to film flow would result in larger average film thicknesses which may lead to detrimental performance, especially under strictly laminar flow conditions (i.e. where any surface wave-induced turbulence is absent). Thus, the intensifying effects of the

2.1 Fabrication and Modification of T-CUAs with Cellulose Acetate (CA) Membrane and Chitosan-Gold Nanoparticles (CS-GNPs). T-CUAs.

Nanoparticles are widely researched because of their size dependent properties that progressively differ from their bulk formations. Nano, meaning these particles are measured to be ~100 nm or less, are structures where the majority of the atoms are located at the surface of the particle. This gives nanoparticles a high surface area to volume ratio. In comparison to their bulk counterparts, when materials are in the nano scale, the physical and chemical properties of these different materials tend to stray from the norm. These changes allow nanoparticles to be effective in several fields of science and engineering based research, for example, chemical catalysis. These size dependent properties will be analyzed through three experiments: (1) absorption and fluorescence emmission of CdSe nanocrystals, (2) Plasmon resonance of metal nanocrystals, and (3) Raman scattering and surface enhanced Raman scattering.