Expectancy Violation Theory

This also aligns with the principle that notes how nonverbal communication can influence or deceive.

Communication is defined as ‘a transactional process involving participants who occupy different but overlapping environments and create relationships through the exchange of messages, many of which are affected by external, psychological and physiological noise’ (Adler, R and Proctor, R. 2010). Communication doesn’t just mean verbal communication, as non-verbal communication is just as, if not, more important as verbal communication. According to Albert Mehrabian, only 7% of a message is communicated through verbal communication, 38% is communicated through your tone of

Nonverbal messages are an essential component of communication in the teaching process. It is not only what you say to your student that is important but also how you say it. An awareness of nonverbal behaviour will allow you to become a better receiver of students’ messages and a better sender of signals that reinforce learning.

The tool that I will use to help answer this question is the SATIC (Student and Teacher Interaction Coding) (Abraham & Schlitt, 1973) which is a tool that was developed for monitoring certain teacher behaviors. In order to better understand how the SATIC works and interpret the results, Abraham and Schlitt (1973) explain the use of the SATIC instrument; its history, uses, and implementation, along with a coding sheet to help the user analyze the data they have collected. I will use the SATIC to analyze a 15 minute of a section of the lesson and the coding sheet to quantify teaching behaviors and types of responses so that I can quantify how many times I used each type of interaction or behavior as opposed to another. In order to perform my analysis, I will use data collected from student work and video evidence that was recorded during my lesson for later reference. The video evidence will come from the second day of the two part lesson that I taught to a high school integrated science class on the topic

This assignment will discuss two well known theories of effective communication. Firstly it will look at Michael Argyle (1972), the cycle of communication and then it will discuss Bruce Tuckman (1965) stages of communication.

Nonverbal cues are a major part of expectancy violations theory (West & Turner, 2014). EVT suggests that people hold expectations of how people should act or respond to certain situations (Burgoon et al., 2016; Chiles & Roloff, 2014; Dickter & Gyurovski, 2012; Frisby & Sidelinger, 2013; Houser, 2005; Johnson, 2012; Lannutti & Camero, 2007; McAuliff, Lapin, & Michel, 2015; Meltzer & McNulty, 2011; Miller-Ott & Kelly, 2015; Sidelinger & Bolen, 2015; Walther-Martin, 2015). Also, scholars believe that these preconceived notions are learned (Burgoon et al., 2016; West & Turner, 2014; Walther-Martin,

Mehrabian, A. (1967). Attitudes inferred from non-immediacy of verbal communications. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 6, 294-295.

(Passalacqua, 2016). Consequently, this theory evolved from its previous proposition and instead became known as a communication theory in which our “expectations about how non-verbal communication will go” (Passalacqua, 2016) are violated. Once our expectations are violated, we tend to analyze the offense and determine whether it was either positive or negative.

Lastly is Public distance, which is 10 feet and beyond. The Public distance can be described as the public distance, giving you plenty of space between the message sender and receiver. In this distance, effective communicators adjust their nonverbal behavior to conform to the communicative rules of their

When you are found guilty of committing a crime, you will receive some sort of punishment from the criminal justice system. These consequences could include, but not limited to a fine, jail time or even prison time. Nonetheless, if you are lucky instead of serving time behind bars you will be granted probation. In this response paper I will compare and contrast the traditional probation model with the United States with the HOPE model in Hawaii. I will focus on the pros and cons of each program, probation violation as well as the penalties associated with probation violation.

Chiles and Roloff use Expectancy Violation Theory to understand the relationship between expectations and responses to apologies. Chiles and Roloff clarify that EVT assumes that individuals form expectations for the normative and prescriptive rules guiding (communicative) interactions with others, and when those expectations are violated individuals become cognitively aroused. At that point, based on factors such as the situation, the context, and the relationship itself, individuals consciously or unconsciously attribute a valence, positive or negative, to the violation. EVT is one of the most widely used theoretical perspectives on expectations and communication behavior, and has been applied to a variety of novel contexts. However, no studies

communication theory (Paterson 1997), others of situational analysis (Rix 2001). All approaches emphasise the need to

“Expectancy violations exert significance on people’s interaction patterns, on their impressions of one another, and on the outcomes of their interactions” (Burgoon 1993:40). In other words, Judee Burgoon, founder of the expectancy violation theory, concluded from various experiments that people evaluate communication with others in a negative or positive regard, based on their expectation of the interaction and their opinion of the communicator. When people do not act in accordance with ones expectations, one resorts to evaluating their communication behavior, be it verbal or non verbal as well as how this behavior makes one feel. The following essay will further explore and explain the

As many know, we lie to cover up things that we don’t want others to know. Maybe when you were a child you broke your brothers toy and when he confronted you, you lied and said you had no idea who did it, or maybe you completely try to change the subject. In a way, that is what interpersonal deception theory is, it’s an attempt to explain how individuals handle actual deception at the conscious or subconscious level while they are engaged in a face-to-face communication. And Actually This type of deception has 3 aspects such as falsification, concealment, and equivocation.

Many researchers used to define deception in various definitions. For example, Mitchell, 1986 defines deception as “a false communication that tends to benefit the communicator” which is a broad meaning and describes many acts as deceit. Nonetheless, there are many people who disagree with this (Mitchell, 1986 cited in Vrij, 2008, 12). While, Vrij, 2008 defines lying as “an intentional act also implies that if two people contradict each other, this does not automatically mean that one of them is lying” (Vrij, 2008, 14). Thus, it can be explained that perception depends on action’s purpose of communicator and also the perception of the receiver.