U34700805 901 Title “The Intersection of Fatalismo and Pessimism on Depressive Symptoms and Suicidality of Mexican Descent Adolescents: An Attribution Perspective” Authors Brandy Piña-Watson – Texas Tech University Ana F. Abraído-Lanza – Colombia University Journal Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology 2017, Vol 23, No. 1, 91-101 Hypothesis The experimenters had multiple intentions of their study. First of all, the experimenters seek to provide validation of a modified version of Shen and colleagues’ health related fatalismo measure. Fatalismo is a general belief, held by many in the Caribbean, that “life is a result of fate and that what occurs in one’s life is beyond one’s control” (Piña-Watson & Abraído-Lanza, 2017). The modification to the Shen and colleagues’ measure was simplified language, as to be easily understandable by adolescents (Piña-Watson & Abraído-Lanza, 2017). Secondly, the experimenters seek to “examine the main effects and moderating effects of …show more content…
Consent forms were given to all participants, and only those students who returned with signed consent forms were allowed to participate in the study (Piña-Watson & Abraído-Lanza, 2017). The participants were given four different questionnaires that studied varying characteristics of the study. The experimenters utilized the 20-item modified Fatalism Scale, originally developed by Shen and colleagues, in order to measure Fatalismo beliefs. Furthermore, the experimenters utilized the 17-item Hopelessness Scale for Children, developed by Kazdin, Rodgers, and Colbus, in order to measure children’s level of hopelessness about their outlook on life and life events. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale was used to measure depressive symptoms, and the CDC was used in order to measure suicidality (Piña-Watson & Abraído-Lanza,
According to Fowler, Crosby, Parks, and Ivey (2013), suicide and nonfatal suicidal ideations are significant public health concerns for adolescents and young adults. While the onset of suicidal behaviors is observed as young as six years of age, rates of death and nonfatal injury resulting from suicidal behavior are moderately low until 15 years of age (Fowler et al., 2013). According to Fowler et al (2013), the most current available statistics in the United States (U. S.) reported suicide as the third leading cause of death among youth aged 10-14 and 15-19 years, and it was the second leading cause of death among persons aged 20-24 years.
The United States takes the eleventh spot in the top fifteen causes of death because of suicide. For our youth suicide is the third leading cause of death. In today’s society suicide in our youth is becoming a huge issue. Recently, youth suicide in Delaware has been a concerning topic. With the many suicides that have been taking place; we ask ourselves why is this happening to Delaware’s youth? It’s quite sad reading of all the lives taken at such young ages. It’s still questionable on the real reasons why so much of our youth want to cut their life short. There are numbers of things on why possibly our youth would want to commit suicide. There is one reason that has been proven to be the head cause and that is mental illness. A mental illness refers to a wide range of mental health conditions and disorders that affect your mood, thinking and behavior. Examples of mental illness includes depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, eating disorders and addictive behaviors. (Staff, 2012) Some other causes may be bullying, drug and alcohol abuse and physical and sexual abuse. Youth that die by suicide believes that suicide is the only option at that moment; however Delaware has several resources available to prevent youth suicide.
In regard to informed consent, is an agreement between the subject and the researcher which explain all the steps of the experiments and the signature of the study participant. The informed consent includes four major elements: disclosure of the information about the experiment, understanding of the information provided, ability of the participant to give consent, and voluntary consent of the subject to be part of the study (Grove et al., 2015). As already mentioned, the authors clearly stated that a written consent was obtained from all subject’s parents with verbal assent.
One of the first causes of the suicide at the young people is depression. “According to a survey done using the psychological autopsy method, 70–90% of those who committed suicide had evidence of some mental disorder when alive, and 60–70% were depressed.” (TAKAHASHI, 2001) We consider that approximately 10 % of young adult know a period of depression, and that two thirds of them are females. “Women are twice as likely as men to have depression.” (D. Smith,
The informed consent should indicate the participant has read, and understands the details of the study. A statement regarding the maintenance of privacy, confidentiality, and right to decline to participate is included on the consent form, and discussed with each participant prior to the beginning of any interviews. One copy of the consent form is provided to the participant for their records, with the original signed copy is maintained by the researcher in safe
Ashely, a beautiful 15 years old girl, visits the emergency department frequently because of her repeated suicide attempts. She blames herself for causing her uncle to abuse her sexually. Rita, a very smart 14 years old Muslim girl, gets admitted to the pediatric floor for poisoning herself with medications. She believes that she is a shame to her family because she fails to abide by their traditions. Teens who go through stressful life experiences blame themselves for things that happen around them. Sun & Zhang (2015) reported that among young people who died by suicide in the United States, 99.8% experienced negative life events. Teens with significant life events are prone to attempt suicide twelve times more than those who are without (Mathew
Youth suicide is one of the leading health concerns for young people and it has claimed many lives in the past decades. Youths with suicidal thoughts would usually displays signs and symptoms and it is the parents’
There are strong correlations between various factors affecting the youth of today and the suicide ideation and attempt rates among ethnic minority youth. The article “Latina Adolescent Suicide Ideations and Attempt: Association with Connectedness to Parents, Peers, and Teacher” uses various sources to collected data by organizations like the Center for Disease Control and Prevention which provide ample information about suicide ideation and attempt in Latinas compared to other non-Hispanic groups. Statistical data yields information about adolescents at a rate of 21% for suicide ideation and 14% for suicide attempts. These numbers reflect data for adolescent Latinas between 10 to 24 years of age in the United States. Among these statistics,
Suicide is a devastating, preventable tragedy and is among the top causes of death in the adolescent population. Compelling statistics given since 2009 show the number of
According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 2015, suicide is the second leading cause of death in the adolescent population in this country and the number of occurrences continues to rise at a dramatic rate. For every teen that completes a suicide, 100 make an attempt, making suicide a paramount public health issue that needs to be addressed. Statistics show that since 2009, the rates of attempted and completed suicide, in this age group continue to steadily increase (Centers for Disease Control [CDC], 2015; Taliaferro, Oberstar, & Wagman-Borowsky, 2012).
Each participant was presented a consent form electronically, and confidentiality was maintained throughout the process. (See Appendix A.) Steps taken to ensure the confidentiality of the respondents included assigning an alias name or number to each respondent requesting such, presenting the consent form that explained to participants that they had been selected to participate in the study, and minimizing “off the record” conversations. The only identification of individual interview data in reports was by subjects’ MASSP
The experiment provoked an emergency intervention on teenagers seeking medical services who display positive suicidal ideation. The study engaged in 49 participants, ages 14 to 19, in search of non-psychiatric services. Research announced the young participants to be conclusive for suicidal risk, due to recent suicidal ideation, suicidal attempts, depression and substance abuse. Adolescents were referred to the TOC intervention for treatment. The TOC intervention was established on self-determination theory of the adolescent’s values, goals and benefits for behavioral change. The ambition for the TOC intervention would construct lower rates of depression, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation when evaluated after two months in the emergency department
The above factors all interact with each other to present a picture of a population of youth from a culture with history of disenfranchisement and suffering, which has led to higher rates of dangerous health behaviors and increased suicidal
Suicide is a main source of death around the world and ranks among the three main causes of death among young adults aged between 15-45 years. Indeed, a response to this continuous worldwide issue, the World Health Organization called for the prevention of suicide (WHO, 2015). Several studies have evaluated some of the contributing factors, however, the connection between suicide and the evaluated factors is conclusively positive or negative.
Protection of participants’ rights. In order to protect the rights of the participants, the study did a decent job in attaining consent. The participants were to sign the free and informed consent term (Batista et al., 2017). This means that the participants were aware of the study and informed of the risks. There was also a guarantee to the secrecy of information, as well as access to result if