Freud 's Theory Of Psychosexual Development

A theory proposed by Erik Erikson (1950, 1963) promotes the eight development stages of adolescents through adulthood by comparing the transitory periods. During each stage, the person experiences a psychosocial crisis which could have a positive or negative outcome for identity and personality development. The first stage is trust vs. mistrust, this stage starts at birth and end at the age of one year. This stage also explains the safety that the infant is getting from the caregiver. For example, if the infant receives constant care, they will develop a sense of trust which will be carried out with them to other and future relationships. The second stage is autonomy vs. shame and doubt; this stage occurs at the age of two to three years old. In this stage, the child is mainly discovering their skills and abilities. The third stage is Initiative vs. Guilt; this stage occurs around age three to age

Child Development is a comprehensive book incorporating both the historical and contemporary. Therefore giving a very balanced view on the subject in hand. It starts out with a thorough foundation on the science of child development, looking at the theories and the psychologists behind them. Figure 2.12 offers an at a glance comparison table of all five types of theories – their methodologies and problems. The opening story in this chapter about the lives of Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget highlights how an individual’s

Freud’s theory of psychosexual development is one of the best known, but also one of the most controversial. Freud believed that personality develops through a series of childhood stages during which the pleasure-seeking energies of

There are many different theories on child development but they are all related in some way. Jean Piaget theory focuses on the first twelve years of a child’s life. Erik Erikson’s theory focuses on a person complete life. In this paper I will be focusing on the differences between Piaget’s and Erikson’s theory on child development.

Many factors influence children’s development as well as that massive amount of development theories that elaborate on why children do certain things, why children have developmental disorders, or even why some children have developmental delays. Although there are many theories regarding children development and how they are influences, theorist make some great points in the child development but with any theory come flaws such as developmental issues. Famous theorists Freud, Erikson, and Piaget all have different ideas on this topic. Freud was a psychiatrist who believed in unconscious activity of the mind. Erikson was a developmental psychologist who believed that the mind developed in a series of stages, and Piaget was a clinical psychologist who believed in cognitive development. Theorists such as Sigmund Freud, Jean Piaget, and Erik Erikson discusses how their individual theory influences the make-up of the development of children.

Sigmund Freud is a very known psychologist from the early scholars of the psychology world. One of His most significant outlooks and study was in the sexology field. Sexology had already been constituted as a separate form of enquiry some time before the appearance of Freud’s most important contribution, The three essays on the theory of sexuality (1905) and many of the terms that we tend to identify with Freud, such as libido, component instincts, erotogenic zones, catharsis, autoerotism and narcissism were already in circulation. (Akroterion. 58, 79-96, Dec. 2013) Some have argued that Freud did not acknowledge the contribution of sexology to psychoanalysis sufficiently in his studies and findings. But others may find this statement as overstated. Further in my research you will read how Freud’s work contributed greatly to the sexology dialogue and psychosexual development.

Erickson’s theory as previously mentioned is based on what he referred to as psychological conflicts, and is defined by eight stages. The four stages of the theory found in childhood development begin with the basic trust versus mistrust stage during infancy. Essentially the infant’s perception of the world is based on the responsiveness or neglect of their caregiver(s). I assume that my needs at this stage of development where in fact met, because I have and do view the world in a positive and trusting manner. The second of Erikson’s stages occurs between the ages of one and three, autonomy versus shame and doubt. During this stage of development when children are honing their newly found mental capabilities and motor skills, it is important that a parent allow the child freedom to express themselves reasonably thus fostering autonomy. The inability to do so can lead to the child feeling shame and doubt, and thus lacking initiative in the following stage. It is at this point, I am certain my own parenting experience went awry. My mother’s anxiety over even the smallest possible issue provoked her to stifle me at this stage. Her inability to allow me to make a mistake, such as fall left me ingrained with

Erikson’s Psychosocial Sages are: Basis vs. mistrust (oral) Birth-1 year- from warm, responsive care, infants gain a sense of trust, or confidence, that the world is good. Mistrust occurs when infants have to wait to long for comfort and handled harshly. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt (anal) 1-3 years- Using new mental and motor skills, children want to choose and decide for themselves. Autonomy is fostered when parents permit reasonable free choice and do not force or shame the child. Initiative vs. guilt (phallic)-3-6 years- Through make-believe play, children explore the kind of person they can become. Initiative- a sense of ambition and responsibility developments when parents support their child’s new sense of purpose. When parents demand

Freud’s theory of psychosexual stages of development and Costa and McCrae’s Five Factor model were compared to assess the personality of a woman named Judy, experiencing difficulty in her primary relationships and day to day functioning. The main purposes of the study is to explain how each theorist would assess Judy’s behavior and identify the strengths and weaknesses of each approach and further the differences and any similarities found. The key strength of Costa and McCrae’s model was providing a detailed and structured analysis of personality that is scientifically based however was limited in explaining the origin of Judy’s personality. Freud’s observational method using the Rorschach has little scientific evidence however his theory did provide explanations for how Jane’s personality developed. While there were many differences some similarities were also found with the most interesting that final assessments were similar, with a possible same diagnosis which indicated that even across two every different theories and theorists there is agreement in how personality is ultimately assessed.

According to Santrock, psychoanalytic theories define development as unconscious and strongly affected by emotions. For the psychoanalytic theorists, in order to understand the development, it is necessary to analyze the symbolic meaning of behavior and the inner workings of the mind. They agree that experiences in early childhood with the parents play an important role during development (Santrock, 2011, p. 22).

Erik Erikson was not only a great child development philosopher, Erikson was an author who cared about children’s social and emotional standpoints of life. The things that happened to Erikson in his childhood years made him the man he is today with being the great philosopher he is. Erik Erikson’s stages from birth to late adulthood clearly affect the lives of people but the start with the lives of preschoolers. As an Early Childhood Educator these skills help us help children develop, figure out why they are the way they are, and what makes them act this way.

Early Childhood is roughly from 18 months to 3 years. During early childhood, the second stage of Erikson’s theory manifests; this stage is called Autonomy v. Shame. In this stage, “the psycho social theme of autonomy-shame and doubt is manifested during toddlerhood and leads to self-will or will-power.” (Ginsburg, 1992) If all the needs of the individual are met at this stage they develop a feeling of self-control and power over themselves. If the individual’s needs are not met in this stage they tend to develop feelings of shame and doubt in themselves. “If individuals

There are many theories on how a human develops. Most babies follow a certain pattern of development but the controversy is which person 's developmental pattern of development is correct? Erik Erickson, Sigmund Freud and Jean Piaget 's developmental theories are similar. Each of the theories goes through a human 's development chronologically, giving a guideline of when certain developments happen. For example when a child is supposed to walk or when a child is going to speak. It is only a guideline and these theories are not supposed to be held too strictly.

Erikson's first psychosocial crisis occurs during the first year or so of life. According to his theory of psychosocial development, the first stage is trust versus mistrust. During this stage, the child relies on the primary caregiver. The parents are primarily responsible for satisfying the needs of this stage of development in their child. It is very important that parents are vigilant to their infant's needs so trust can be developed. If the child is exposed to the basic needs of the stage, they will develop a sense of trust which will carry with them to other relationships. If the opposite happens, the child will develop a sense of mistrust and will carry the basic sense of mistrust with them to other relationships. (Simply Physiology)

According to Freudian’s psychosexual stages of personality development, Peter’s behavior of wanting to be the breadwinner is caused mostly by his role as a male through the identification with his father during the Phallic Stage. Peter most probably resolved the Oedipus complex by identifying with his father; thus, explaining why he believes that he should work to support his family.