Granulated Hot Water

of sugar to 25ml of water and dissolve it. When we have the water at

The second bag filled with distilled water, submerged in a beaker with water, had no significant difference in weight as time progressed indicating the solution was isotonic. The third bag filled with 40% maltose solution, submerged in a beaker filled with distilled water, expended insignificantly, indicating that water molecules from the beaker were able to pass through the bag filling it to capacity, but sugar molecules were unable to pass through the bag. Finally the fourth bag, which had 40% maltose solution in bag as well as the beaker, also did not have any significant changes, once again indicating the solution was isotonic. The last experiment pertaining to this activity was done to test for sugar in test tubes using Benedict’s solution. All three test tubes (1,3,4) showed a change in color to orange, except for the second test tube, which turned light blue. These results indicated that test tube 1,3,4 had sugar molecules present, except for the 2nd one, which had only water. Even though the first tube only had water, it still turned orange indicating that sugar molecules somehow got into the solution. Based on the raw data provided above for the dialysis bag experiment, the results confirmed that permeability is selective, where water molecules easily passed through the bag, but maltose molecules did not. It was evident that these sugar molecules were too big to pass through this selectively permeable membrane.

The data supported this hypothesis, because in chart two, as the cold temperature lost 3.6% of mass, the room temperature lost 5.1% of mass, and the hot solution lost a value 8.7% change of mass after twenty minutes. This showed that as the hypertonic solution were hotter, the sucrose sucked the water out of the egg at a much faster rate, than the colder solution, due to the energy of the molecules. This trend of data was also shown in figure two, the green line representing warm water bath reached a much lower percent change in mass than either of the ice or room temperature solutions

Materials: Observation 1; 1 cup of water, 2 cups of sugar, 1 glass jar, 1 wooden skewer, 1 plate and 2 clothespins. Observation 2; 1 cup of water, 3 cups of sugar, 1 glass jar, 1 wooden skewer, 1 plate, 5 drops of red food coloring, and one plate.

As the Concentration of the Sucrose Solution decreases, the more the potato’s mass increases. This is due to the solution being hypertonic. So, as the solute concentration gets lower, the potato’s water concentration will get higher, therefore more water particles from the solution will absorbed by the potato. Some changed very little in mass because the concentrations of the H2O molecules in the potato and outside the potato were equal. This equality in concentration is called Isotonic.

A clump of sugar has significantly less surface area than granular sugar since in granulated sugar, every face of the sugar particles are exposed while in a clump of sugar, only the particles on the outside are exposed. Since there are less exposure in the clump of sugar from having less surface area, there are less collisions per unit time; in other words, there is lower frequency of collisions. The reaction of sugar dissolving requires collisions of water molecules with sugar molecules to break the intermolecular bonds since it is a physical change. With less collisions, less bonds are broken; making the dissolving of the clump of sugar more

of a membrane. The lab also shows how the semi permeable membrane works; it allows only certain molecules to pass through it, while others aren’t allowed through it. The lab shows this because according to my results the semi permeable membrane in the gummy bear allowed more water molecules to pass through it, while the semi permeable membrane didn’t let other solution molecules resulting in the water to have more weight while the other two solutions grew less in weight. The lab also demonstrates that the solutions with more sugar will gain less in weight. This is because the solution already has a higher concentration inside it, so less of the solution will go inside the gummy bear. According to my results the water is a hypotonic solution, while the Orange Switch and Gatoraid would also be a hypotonic solution due to the fact that all he gummy bears gained mass. If it were to be a isotonic solution the gummy bear would need to stay the same mass. If any of the solution would be a hypertonic solution the gummy bear would to shrink in

We then filled a beaker with glucose-water solution. The mass of the model cell with water was 8.6 grams and its volume was 70 centimeters cubed. We dropped the model cell in the solution and let it sit. The next day, we took the model cell out and did some calculations. The mass had gone from 9.6 grams to 6.6 grams. The volume had decreased from 70 to 48 centimeters cubed. When glucose test strips were dipped in the solution in the cell, it was made clear that the glucose levels had risen, reaching up to 200 grams of glucose. This shows that water went out while the sugar-water solution went

Boil up the mixture on medium warmth until the water is decreased by a third and after that let it cool for some time.

Pour other half into mixer and let it mix for a few minutes. You will notice it is more stiff, kind of looks like whip cream, and mixer pan will be cooler.For Safety issues Pour candy very slowly if candy is split on you will get a 2nd to 3rd degree burn

would normally occur at room temperature. This super saturated solution can be prepared by heating the water up which excites the water molecules and lets more salt, sugar or sodium acetate in this case dissolve between them. Sodium acetate is actually a salt

II. Do sugar crystalize with different types of sugar. In this experiment we test different types of sugars like brown, powdered, regular, and sweetener. We leave them to grow for 15 days and see what happens and why it happens. In our results the regular sugar grew the most and was the only one that crystalized. The other sugars did not crystalize or stick to the stick but did form a top crystalize coating on top of the glass cup.

You need to watch the movement of the solution and when it reaches the first mark, make a note of the time because this will be the starting point. The funnel will be marked at 1mm intervals so allow the solution to rise to exactly 10 mm and make a note of this time. Once you have done the first replicate empty both funnels and examine the membranes for damage and then do 2 more replicates using both funnels and both funnels will contain the sugar

Water boils at 100C. Thus the pure sucrose (rock candy crystals) will never melt in water but it will dissolve in it.

While stirring, add as much dissolved cornstarch as you need to have your desired consistency.