Introduction
Potential energy is energy stored in an object that gives it the capacity to do work or make things happen. Every object positioned above the ground had gravitational potential energy (Gravitational Potential Energy = mass x gravity x height), therefore when a ball (which has gravitational potential energy) is dropped, gravity pulls the ball towards the earth’s surface. The potential energy of the ball transforms into kinetic energy, or the energy of a moving object, as it falls (Kinetic Energy = ½ x mass x speed of object). Since the law of conservation of energy states that energy may be transferred but never created or destroyed, the kinetic energy in the ball has to go somewhere when the ball hits the ground. Therefore, the
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Different balls made of different materials bounce differently. Inelastic materials such as putty don’t return to their original shape when dropped and hence do not bounce. Instead, the energy is turned into thermal energy and the ball heats up. Materials with more elasticity, for example rubber, return to their original shape as most of the energy is transformed back into kinetic energy instead of heat and they therefore bounce. Research into how different materials affect the bounce height has drastically changed the way golf balls are manufactured. The very earliest golf balls from around 500-600 year ago were leather pouches stuffed with feathers, but developed over time to become the dimpled, plastic and rubber balls produced today. Most golf balls are 2-piece, consisting of a solid rubber core and an ionomer cover, or 3-piece, which has a gel, liquid or solid core as well as rubber thread windings and the plastic cover. Two-piece balls make up 70% of all golf balls produced as they last much longer than the 3-piece balls used by professionals (http://www.madehow.com/Volume-3/Golf-Ball.html). Dimples engraved on the covering of the ball enhances how …show more content…
Rather, the results suggest it is the type of ball that determines its bounce height. The differences in the average bounce height of the three most expensive golf balls (158.8) compared to the average bounce height of the cheaper golf balls (158.6) are minute. Callaway, Dunlop and Srixon were the balls that bounced the highest. Callaway, with an average bounce height of 165.6 cm, was expected to be the highest as it is the most expensive and a three-piece ball, which are designed to go longer distances and therefore need to bounce more. The Dunlop ball surprisingly came second with an average bounce height of 161 cm. Since details about this ball are unavailable due to it being an older model, this data suggests that the ball is a 3-piece ball. Srixon and Wilson Staff were extremely close, with Srixon’s average bounce height being 158.9 cm and Wilson’s average bounce height 0.2 cm lower at 158.6 cm. These results are, again, to be expected due to the 3-piece design of these ball. However, the average bounce height of the Strata ball (152 cm) was a surprise as it was the third most expensive ball and had the lowest bounce height. Dunlop and Top Flite’s bounce heights were average, being 161cm and 156.4cm respectively. As they were the cheapest balls, this was not unexpected. All of these golf balls weighed approximately
Companies currently operating within the golf industry, specifically Calloway Golf, must change their current marketing approaches and strategies to withstand the recession and threats facing the industry. Although Calloway has a strong R&D department that tends to remain competitive with products and technology, there have been little results in reference to scores. It is imperative that if companies are going to market a product that will help golfers drive further and straighter that the results depict this so that not to damage the brand name of a product. Secondly, due to the decline in equipment sales and the number of golfers, prices are dropping and companies are outsourcing to maintain the volume needed to remain competitive. Companies must be cautious and aware so that counterfeiting may be reduced. This reduction would also allow companies to reduce their pricing and have more sales without the competition of these cheaply priced knock-offs. In the instance of
For example a tennis ball will bounce higher than a soccer ball because it has more air pressure and it is harder.
The brand image of Altius is still positive and professionals are open to trying other brands so Altius should not worry about innovating. The elevate strategy also packages the balls in the same packaging so the brand is not undermined and the perception of the ball by customers is that it is of high quality and better. Furthermore the new Elevate line will only be offered in the off course channels so the professionals using Altius who get their equipment mainly in the on course channel don’t have to worry about the prestige of the brand as the only products offered there are the professional golf ball lines, hence Altius will make a clear distinction between who the balls are targeted for. In the qualitative analysis we see that the margin for elevate is higher than it is for competitors at 64% compared to their estimate of competitors being between 50-60%, even though it is lower than the normal 70% Altius enjoys it is necessary to cut down the margin now in order to penetrate the off course channel and target the new golfer segment.
• They also mentioned the fear on the coloring of the ball into gray and impact of the same over the brand.
Modern balls have a more durable cover of balata or surlyn and various solid core balls with new synthetics have become popular. As well, we have seen the art of club making go from the original wooden clubs, to forged irons,
9. The total energy is constant for most of the time until the ball is released and caught up and down in free fall, because extra force of the person actions changes the energy. The energy should remain constant because the kinetic and potential ratio energy
Balls back then were not like the tennis balls we know today. The balls were made of wood and the players would hit the ball into the wall with their bare hands until eventually it got so painful that they eventually incorporated leather gloves to take some of the pain away.
The men have a white, hard rubber ball which bounces very high when it hits the ground. Whereas the women have a softer, yellow rubble
The lacrosse ball is for adding a weight to the top of the mesh so the change can occur. These are the materials used for this experiment. There was a few reasons why the experiment was conducted like it was. One reason is that doing only one day or trial of testing would give insufficient data. The reason why is that nylon mesh would shrink after the first day and the data would be useless, that’s why 3 trials would be able to record and analyze multiple trials when the mesh would shrink overnight.
Golf ball manufacturers would be looking to achieve several key strategic goals, such as increased sales, increased market share and / or increased profitability, to adopt and implement PI’s technology. Accordingly, manufacturers are mainly concerned with the cost and implications on manufacturing, competitor reactions (and customer perception), the forecast growth in the new balls market, the share they could capture and the financial details of agreement.
The U.S. Golf Association (USGA) specified the characteristics of legal balls within tight parameters. These restrictions on size, weight, materials, texture, etc., seemingly left little room for product innovation. In fact, the USGA regulations specified not just what went into a ball, but how it could perform, stipulating to within 10-20 yards how far the ball could travel when hit by a certain type of club traveling at a certain speed, all verified under controlled conditions with robotic testing equipment. Nonetheless, new product introductions were rampant in the industry, with slight changes in surface coatings and dimple patterns, for example, being touted for their ability to add a handful of yards to a golfer’s shots, to give more accuracy, or to create greater control through faster spin on the ball. In addition, ball manufacturers spent millions of dollars on advertising campaigns for their balls. There were three basic types of balls, all conforming to the same general specifications. The oldest technology still in use was the three-piece ball, which consisted of a core, windings, and a cover; this ball was good for spin and overall control. The second, and most popular, type of ball was the twopiece ball, which eliminated the windings of the three-piece ball; this ball produced more distance. The newest technology was the “solid core, multi-layered ball,” which had taken the
If this technology were universally adopted by all manufacturers, there may be benefit to the industry as a whole. However, value brand manufacturers feel that brand image might be tarnished by concern about consumer’s “infringement on their access to cheap used balls.” Additionally, high-end manufacturers’ sales, which represent 67% of total new balls market, will be reluctant to adopt the technology due the belief that the consumers may buy new value brand golf balls rather than their own premium brand golf balls.
Ping pong balls and what they are. They’re light weight. They have nothing in there but concealed air. They’re a little hard. They’re made of a hard plastic which allow them to bounce
As anyone who has played a round of golf will attest to, the sport is based around many fundamental principals of physics. These basic laws are involved with every aspect of the game from how a player swings the club to how the ball moves through the air on its way toward the pin. It is the challenge that physics presents to the golfer that has allowed the game, and equipment used, to develop so drastically over the past one hundred years. The first golf balls used were called featheries. They were made with a horsehide cover packed with wet goose feathers. When the balls dried they became extremely hard. The major flaw with the featheries was that they could not be used when the conditions were wet because they
Some of this energy is transferred to the other player, but if they are properly setting the pick that player should not move. Since both players come essentially to rest, we can say that the energy was lost through and inelastic collision.