Greater Buenos Aries: A Case Study

This paper recognises that the Australian climate has increased significantly since 1910. Evidence is provided to suggest that Australia has a climate-sensitive economy, as the variations in climate and damage caused by extreme weather conditions produce significant social and economic costs. Climate

In 2006, a study was conducted by Coutts et al. to determine the impact of increasing housing density on the surface energy balance and its relationship to Melbourne’s local climate. According to this study, alterations to the natural environment, resulting from the variations in urban surface characteristics (the physical structure of the city) and its artificial energy and pollution emissions, interact to alter and form distinct urban climates (Coutts et al. 477). These urban climates are far more severe than any natural climatic fluctuations experienced by the city; leading to increased air

It can also be argued that urban consolidation has only been moderately effective in Sydney as population density remains fairly low for such a large city. For these reasons, it can be seen that the city’s urban consolidation strategies may need to be reviewed.

Quito is the capital city from Ecuador where is considering a high elevation area with approximately 2800 meters above sea level in its elevation. Also, the city is located in the center of Andean Region and it is influenced by the equatorial line with latitudes nearest to 0 grades and being in a Tropical Region without seasons (Figure 1). Moreover, Quito doesn’t present stations, only the city shows two times considered like a dry and a wet season. The mean temperature during the year has a mean in minimum about 9.0°C and a maximum 25.4 °C20, also presented a high precipitation near to 1126 mm on 2015 that let to have a high density cloud every year.

Prime Minister Tony Abbot has recently confirmed a second airport for Sydney, piling up tens of millions of dollars to pay for the infrastructure in Badgerys’s Creek. Abbot did this because he felt a need of a second airport in Sydney’s west, even though it would make only a slight benefit as when we look at the population of Badgerys’s Creek, only some 4000 people, it would make very little difference to the airport in Sydney. Mr Abbot also believes that it would open up near 60,000 jobs once the airport is fully functional

With the population of 43,374 (2011 census) and growth rate increasing (average annual rate of 2.2%), Blacktown City is recognised to be the largest and one of the fastest growing in any Local Government Area in NSW. Anticipated to reach 500, 000 by the year 2031 from factors of urban sprawl, birth and migrants, the struggle to uphold Blacktown’s liveability is a crucial aspect in the demands of the futures security of individuals and the general publics ‘contentment which is also significant to sustain the expanding population. Effective management strategies that manage issues in relation to economics, environments and social aspects that ensure the advancements of economic prosperity, social stability, educational opportunities, cultural, entertainment and recreation possibilities must be put to plan so no consequences arise with the suspected increase of the population and managing urban sprawl.

Task #1 : Analyse the impacts of at least two urban dynamics operating in a large city of the developed world.

Now the surrounding area consists mainly of residential development of houses and recreational facilities (1850-present). (City of Melbourne, 2018)

Because of Melbourne's extending climate conditions and regular dry season periods spreading over quite a long while, the city experiences underneath yearly normal precipitation more than once. Consequently because of developing populaces and depleted water storage

In recent years, the rapid expansion of metropolitan areas has been termed “urban sprawl,” which refers to a complex pattern of land use, transportation, and social and economic development. The broad phenomenon of sprawl is a variety of issues related to land use, transportation, urban and regional

Brisbane is the capital of Queensland and is a amazing and modern city set on the Brisbane River. The Brisbane river flows northeast for some 345km and goes through the Brisbane City and Moreton bay. Brisbane is located in South-East Queensland and is the third largest city in Australia. In the past, Brisbane has had many catastrophic floods in the past including the great flood of 1893 and 1974. The subtropical climate in Brisbane is mostly effected by El Niño and La Niña. El Niño and La Niña is perhaps one of the strongest influence on the year to year climate to Australia. Together, La Niña (cool) and El Niño (warm) create the phases of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation that can be recognised as ENSO. ENSO is series of linked to the weather

In 2011, 20.7% of dwellings in Sydney were classified as high density. Australian cities are facing a number of challenges, including a significant growth in population, growing housing affordability crisis, a greater concern for environmental issues, transport and urban infrastructure.

Metropolitan areas exhibit an amazing diversity of features, economic structures, amounts of infrastructure, historic roots, patterns of development, and degrees of conventional planning. Yet, lots of the problems that they deal with are strikingly acquainted. For example, as metropolitan areas grow, they grow to be increasingly diverse.

Australia is one of the most highly urbanised societies in the world. Urbanization is occurring not only in the capital cities like Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane etc but also in coastal areas within 2-3 hours of commutable distance from city centre. This has lead to formation of an exurban belt that is facilitated by transport improvements and technological change such as the internet. Such continued population growth in Australian cities is placing increasing pressure on infrastructure, such as public transport and roadways, energy, air and water systems within the urban environment.

The increasing amount of green house gases (GHG) released in the atmosphere is causing significant changes in the environment leading to unpredictable weather patterns and warming of the climate system is putting a great pressure on city development and infrastructures. This essay outlines three problems caused by climate change in urban areas, and evaluates the effectiveness of some of the mitigation and adaptation strategies. This essay reasons that mitigation and adaptation strategies need to work in synergy in order to address the situation effectively.