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History Of Teacher Observation And Evaluation

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History of Teacher Observation and Evaluation

Initially, education was not recognized as a professional discipline or field of study. Teachers were considered community servants instead of professional educators. Local government officials and members of the clergy were responsible for hiring teachers and making judgments about their teaching abilities. It was believed that clergymen were the best choices for this role due to their extensive levels of education and their alleged ability to guide religious instruction in schools (Tracy, 1995). “Individual supervisors or supervisory committees were responsible for overseeing the quality of instruction. These supervisors had nearly unlimited power to establish criteria for effective instruction and to hire and fire teachers” (Burke & Krey, 2005). Since there was no consensus on the importance or qualifications of educational expertise, the type and quality of feedback that teachers received varied significantly.
In the early1800s, more complex school systems began to emerge once the industrial movement emerged. As the schools and districts grew, this created a demand for teachers who had expertise in specific disciplines. Not long thereafter, it became apparent that clergy members did not have the proper training for the role, nor did they have the necessary knowledge to make informed judgments about teacher effectiveness. "Rather than simply understanding the mores of the community, the supervisor now needed to have subject

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