Hittite Civilization Research Paper

Egypt came out victorious and captured the city of Megiddo. Cline then shifts gears to the Hittites A typical misconception would be that the Hittites were from Canaan, because the Bible suggests it: “The Hittites were known to biblical scholars because of their mention in the Hebrew Bible”(33). Cline, however, states that he doesn't know “how the Bible could have gotten it so wrong”(33). Cline again shifts gears to the Mycenaeans. Many archaeologists are still stumped as to the rise of the Mycenaean civilization, but Cline claims that it’s due to their taking of control “over the trade routes to Egypt and the Near East from the

The Samarra culture developed into the Sumerians, from 4800 to 1750BC, with 19 dynasties and 103 kings that developed into one of the earliest civilizations on earth. Their existence as a civilization was not even discovered until the middle of 1800AD. As a result of the ancient Greeks and Egyptians who wrote about the Babylonians most people did not realize that the Sumerians preceded the Babylonians. Furthermore, it was the Sumerians that developed writing, a religion and numerous agricultural methods, which continued on with the following civilizations.

The Israelite civilization dates back to between 1300 and 1200 BCE when they settled in Canaan from Mesopotamia. This was considered their homeland. The Israelites developed from the Cannanites, since their civilizations began together along with the Jebusites. They faced a lot of struggles, but after migrating to Egypt, and being separated into two kingdoms, they kept the faith that they would someday return to their homeland. The greatest achievements of the Israelites was their architecture, monotheistic religion, Ten Commandments, and their military. However, they were not enough to save the civilization. They fell due to the decline in leadership within the civilization, and attacks and conquest from the Assyrians and Babylonians.

The Mycenaen civilization was developed by the first Greek culture suddenly around 1600 B.C.E. The only records kept of this civilization were of trade and economy, as we know little about the political system and their society.

Hittites was led by King Hattusili initially and was later ran by his grandson Mursili I. Hittites started to expand southward at which time they ran into conflict with Egyptians. Pharaoh Ramesses II, created a large army to defeat the Hittites however the final outcome was that neither could defeated the other. Egyptian and Hittites kings came to a peace treaty but that would only last for so long. Egyptian seafaring people started to raid and migrate into the Mediterranean area, this coupled with the expansion of Assyrians led to the destruction of Hittites Empire.

Hittites Empire failed by carelessly having internal conflict, Assyria, I believe, was behind the collapse of Hittities and took advantage of the weak point of their internal conflicts. The key to success in all empires is to get cooperation from some groups within the empire in which you want to overpower and that is exactly what the Assyrias did, and did it well (p. 46). I believe that statement helps my point, the Assyrias had something to do with the collapse of the Hittites since there was already conflict within the Hittities Empire, a weak point. The Assyrias grew massively and was too consumed with their own growth and expansion that they lost focus of Babylon, which finally gained independence. The two empires were destroyed by internal conflicts

The Egyptian army was not the only to use chariots in battle. In fact, an incredibly influential power of the Hittite army was their extremely large chariot force. There are reliefs of the Hittite chariots heading into battle. In one of the reliefs, three soldiers are depicted, one of which is wielding a very large lance. All three soldiers are shown with helmets and what looks to be armor. Iron weapons also gave the Hittites a great advantage over the bronze weapons of Egypt. Though the Hittites had an impressively large infantry, soldiers in chariots were always their main line of

Two of the biggest and most powerful societies of the ancient world consististed of the Sumerians in Mesopotamia and the Hittites. Mesopotamia was first in many areas including the inventions of many technologies such as writing and complex irrigation systems. Mesopotamia was also located in a central location that allowed it to interact with other cultures at the time, furthering its growth. The Hittites were also one of the most powerful civilizations of the time, dominating through their use of chariots. Looking at both the Hittites and Mesopotamia we can get an understanding of how political power and legal authority was formed and exercised during the Bronze Age.

Anatolian communities began to develop agriculture in the 8th century B.C. The Anatolians became big trading partners with the people of Sumer due to their large supply of minerals and precious metals from the mountains. Later, at around 2000 B.C., the success of these river valleys attracted the Indo-European tribe of the Hittites. The Hittite empire dominated for 450 years, conquered Babylon, and was even able to fight Egypt to a draw. The accomplishments of the Hittites survived in future advanced cultures like the use of iron and chariots in war. The Persians, Greeks, and Assyrians were a few of the peoples that later came to take the place of the Hittites. Around the time the Greeks came to power was where many of the greatest accomplishments were made. Two of the seven wonders of the world were built in Asia Minor. They were the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus and the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus in Caria. The first western philosopher, Thales, was born in Ionia and began scientific inquiry and methods. “Herodotus, the `Father of History' was born at Halicarnassus.(Mark)” Pythagoras was also born in Asia Minor, and the apostle Paul was born in Cilicia. The idea of coinage began in Asia Minor, which is the trade of coined money and goods. When Rome took over, roads and cities improved and Christianity prospered. Later, the Byzantine and Ottoman empires rose and fell until the Turks took full

The Egyptians thrived during 3500 BC - 2500 BC. The Egyptians were incredibly advanced: they had created pyramids, began using and creating things out of papyrus, and they created very accurate calendars. Which was a large part of their culture. The pyramids were used as tombs to protect their pharaohs and queen’s in the afterlife. These propounded Civilization had built a detailed social class.

An example of a new group of people the ancient civilizations came into contact with during this period is the Hittites. They were best known as the ones who developed iron-work technology. The urge of iron ores started to increase rapidly, even though there are few countries that produce this mineral. As time passes, people started to produce more iron equipment instead of bronze

The Hittites were one of the main key players in the creation and the naming of the continent of Asia. The Hittites were constituents of the early Indo-European people, who appeared in Anatolia, the region was known as ‘Land/Kingdom of the Hatti’ from c. 2350 BCE until 63- BCE, which at the present day refers to Turkey (Mark, 2012).

On March 18, 2015 I traveled thousands of years into the past to the ancient Hittite Empire. I look at my surroundings and realize that I am in the city of Hattusa, the capital of the Hittite Empire. The land is rocky and there are many temples throughout the city. As I listen to the people around me I hear that they are not speaking English but something very similar. The language is a mix of German and English and is of Indo- European origin. The language was discovered by deciphering clay tablets that were found by archaeologist. I leave Hattusa and travel around the Hittite Empire, the empire takes up a large amount of land and there are many things to see.

The Hittites were an extremely advanced civilization. Not only were they able to manipulate iron, they were able to modify and improve a well known piece of technology, the horse drawn chariot. Due to the modifications they to made to the horse drawn chariot, the Hittites greatly increased their firepower. By running the axle across the middle of the chariot rather than its back, the chariot was able to support the addition of a third man. This allowed two men to fight the enemy while a third drove the chariot, increasing their firepower capabilities.

The most significant event was the unknown invaders that obliterated the Hittite Kingdom in 1200 B.C.E. I found it quite surprising that this particular moment in time created such a cataclysmic domino effect throughout all civilizations that existed. The refugees from the collateral damage of war that caused them to relocate to other places created more conflict. Syria with Ugarit being the other civilizations that got decimated in this war. Other parts of the world lost vital trade connections with Egypt after its war with Libyans and other civilizations. I found it interesting that one event affected so many influential cultures enough to where they all descended into the Dark