How Big Global Businesses Compare

Sociologists have theorized culture and its role in the society in various ways. Some conceive culture as a worldview, where culture structurally orients individual actions and the ways in which they make sense of the social worlds. Others have theorized culture based on language and how it contributes to cultural processes of giving meanings to arbitrary signs to allow individuals to make sense of the world they live it. Still others approach culture as a practical toolkit, a cache of ideas, or repertoire, from which individuals draw in their day to day life. Several other conceptions of culture (i.e., culture as values, symbolic boundaries, or capital) are also available. This paper aims to investigate the three main conceptions

The third ingredient of the social structure theory is the Culture Conflict Theory. This theory is also known as the cultural deviance theory. This can be defined as the “social clash” between the different social groups when looking at what is described as acceptable and proper behavior. Two types of culture conflicts exists; the primary conflict and the secondary conflict. The primary conflict is regarded as the clash between cultures while the secondary conflict takes place when values of smaller cultures belonging to a larger culture clash.

“Among the elements of social and cultural structure, two are important for our purposes. These are analytically separable although they merge imperceptibly in concrete situations. The first consists of culturally defined goals, purposes, and interests … The second phase of the social structure defines, regulates, and controls the acceptable modes of achieving these goals." (Merton 672,673)

Culture delivers the strategies for people’s interpretations of situations they come across and for the responses, they consider applicable. Social Structure, “the organized patterns of behavior among the basic components of a social system— establishes relatively predictable social relationships among the different peoples in a society” (Parrillo,2014). For example, the orientation between a minority group with the dominate group always has a set guideline how the other group should act or fit in with the dominate group. From the dominate group being so uptight and selfish of life, thinking everyone that is not made of their similar blood of ethnic group has to act a certain way in order to acquire a suitable life.

Another large car manufacture that is located in the United States is General Motors (GM). General Motors would benefit more in this competitive

In today 's society, culture is impacting our everyday life, experience and social relations; we are all categorized by our cultural “groups”, but this has changed rapidly throughout the years from one generation to the next. Cultural studies were developed in the late 1950’s, through the 1970’s by the British academic scholars. The British scholars were able engaged cultural analysis and the developed then transformed of the different fields, for example, politically, theoretically and empirically that are now represented around the world.

This essay argues that culture is diverse, non-static and shared – all three components that form its characteristics. These characteristics of culture showcased in the three visual materials are supported by the course materials,

Through relationships and our personal lives, culture provides values that shape our perceptions, attributions, judgements, and ideas of self and others. They are a sequence of lenses that form what we understand and don't understand, how we observe and interpret, and where we draw limits. Each individual can belong to various cultures that govern what is ordinary, suitable, and predictable when we interact with others. It forms our understanding of connections and how to deal with conflict and agreement that are always present when two or more people are together. Culture helps us to identify who we think we are and what and how it is important, these identities become factors in conflict. Cultures are surrounded in every encounter because conflicts arise in human interactions. Cultures affect the how we designate, structure, blame, and challenge in mediating

Different cultures can coexist concurrently in three different ways (Raday, 2008). When there is a diversity of cultures due to religious differences. In this case, there is a dominant culture and minority sub-cultures. Second, when there is a diversity of institutional cultures, for example even in a society with a common religious culture, the rules of behavior may differ from family levels, church, state and workplaces. Third is the global culture which is developing every day, it is generated by states and determines the limits of power in a state and its constitutional culture.

Cultural conflict, as defined by different researchers, can refers to different forms of situation that the way people’s live. Cultural conflict can lead to misunderstandings, and it based on the differences in behaviors, beliefs, and the ways of life. For example, moving into a new environment is one of the reason to lead of cultural conflict. When people move from one region to another, such as from one country to another, they may experience cultural conflict based on the differences in culture between the two regions as well as the ways of lives within the two regions. The differences in culture may lead to conflict and misunderstandings between the residents and the visitors. The same case applies to the families represented in the book

Toyota Motor Corporation (TOYOTA) is one of biggest automaker in the world. Main products are a passenger car, truck, bus, RV etc. The company headquartered in Toyota, Aichi, Japan which employed 300,734 people worldwide and was the third largest automobile manufacture in 2011 by production behind General Motors and Volkswagen Group. Toyota is the eighth largest company in the world by revenue (around 200 billion USD) in 2011. The company reported it had manufactured its 200million cars in 2012.

Toyota is one of the leading manufacturers of vehicles in the United States and across the globe. Toyota is ranked #55 in Forbes, World’s Biggest Public Companies, and capturing sales of 202.8 billion and a market cap of 137.8 billion as of March 2011

Starkey,K. & McKinlay, A(2007:75) argues that the rising competition and increasing global trade are the major factors in improving the global distribution system and has forced many auto-giants such as General Motors, Ford, Toyota, Honda, Volkswagen, and Daimler Chrysler, to shift their production bases in different developing countries which help them operate efficiently in a globally competitive marketplace.

Throughout history, human beings had the tendency to always want to find a problem and satisfy themselves in solving them. According to a philosopher named Georges Canguilhem, a problem becomes a priority that must be solved for right away in a society (Osborne, 4). Problems can be defined as what people deem unusual, something that is not practiced in their daily lives. An approach to solve these problems can be derived from societal expectations and one’s need to conform. People expect each other to be aware of their surroundings and notice what is different, which leads to building a system of collectivism and conformism-- an ultimate system of culture and traditions. Therefore, it is clear that cultures use their surroundings to appoint normality, allowing the people within to become like one another for efficiency, not having to worry about fixing what makes them uncomfortable. If an unusual situation occurs, it is portrayed as a “problem” that everyone needs to join heads and to try to solve. The overall emotions based on culture influence the approach to problems.

Culture is a broad term which has been described by various philosophers since decades. It has been claimed by Raymond Williams to be “…one of the two or three most complicated words in English language” (Williams, 1976). Different definitions of the term, culture may have distinct descriptive ways and criterion to evaluate human activity. It is important to define the broad base of the sophisticated term ‘culture’, in the sense used later in the paper, to narrow down the discussion on our topic.