How Probiotics Affect Allergen Disease

B.J.was exposed to cats, thus causing an acute asthma attack. Patient being exposed to cat fur is what caused his allergic reaction. IgE antibodies cause allergic reactions, these cells are mainly attached to mast cells that lie in the lung interstitium in close association with the bronchioles and small bronchi. Once BJ breathes in the fur, to which he is sensitive to, the pollen reacts with these mast cells and thus causing these cells to release histamine. Which causes localized edema in the bronchioles as well as thick mucus. This causes the spams in the bronchilar smooth muscle which cause airway resistance. In return causing an acute asthma attack.

Asthma is best described as a chronic inflammation the pulmonary lower airways because of hyperresponsiveness of lower airway obstructions that is usually reversible (Fireman, 2003). Asthma is triggered by cold air, exercise, viral upper respiratory infections, cigarette smoking, and respiratory allergens. One in 12 people in the United States has been diagnosed with asthma which is approximately 25 million people which accounts for 8% of the total population (AAAAI, 2016). It is estimated that the average cost for care of asthma in the United States is about $3,300.00 yearly in related medical expenses, missed school, missed worked days and early death (AAAAI, 2016). The purpose of this paper is to describe the long-term treatment

Allergies are very common and global chronic diseases which occurs when the people’s immune system overreacts a substance which is judged to be harmful to human body. It’s now becoming major public health problem in developed countries especially in Australia. In 2007, according to an ASCIA-Access Economics Report that 4.1 million Australians (19.6% of the population) had at least one allergic disease. Also specialists speculate if Australia’s ageing trend continues, there will be a 70% increase in the number of Australians with allergy, from 4.1 million in 2007 to 7.68 million by 2050 (26.1% of the population). In this article, three aspects which related to allergies in Australia will be discussed in turn: causes, symptoms

Asthma and Allergy are accepted conditions that involve both genetics and environmental bothers (contributions). Also, this type of condition is a disease striking the cells of the human body’s immune system; however, it is inflammatory response to a normally

IgE, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils are essential components of allergic inflammation. Antigen-specific IgE antibodies are produced in an initial response and bind FcεRI receptors on mast cells and basophils on subsequent exposures. This process is central to the initiation and propagation of immediate hypersensitivity reactions. Moreover, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils are also

Ref: ([Guideline] Expert Panel Report 3 (EPR-3): Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma-Summary Report 2007. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007 Nov. 120(5 Suppl):S94-138.)

In 2009, 7.1 million children in the United States were diagnosed with asthma (Grossman & Mattson Porth, 2014). Asthma is a chronic airway disorder resulting in episodes of airway inflammation, airway obstruction, airway remodeling, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The deregulated inflammation leads to recurrent chest wheezing, cough, and shortness of breath. Asthma can be broken into several phenotypes, based on clinical and functional characteristics of the disease. Clinical manifestations may be from mild to severe and in some individuals deadly (Chesne, Braza, Mahay, Brouard, Aronica, & Magnan, 2014).

The article reviewed exposures that could lead to the risk of severe asthma. The article proposed the way to reduce the risk of severe asthma, however it also mentioned that further analyses is required to fully understand this issue. Having a group of candidates with mild to moderate asthma participate in a study designed to reduce the risk of severe asthma is not ideal to say the

Anaphylaxis responses are becoming more common due to genetic and environmental factors (Saleh et al. 2012). BSA, OSA and Alpha-gal continue to be the main allergic agents known today (McNeill and Van-Elswyk 2012). Health and well-being g hand-to-hand with a proper diet. As a result of atopic dermatitis, different options have been adopted for proper intake of micronutrients and essential vitamins of those affected (Asp et al. 2012). In specific, the children and elderly still remain the most affected due to this condition (Saleh et al. 2012).

Asthma is a common chronic disease worldwide affecting 1 in every 10 individuals, approximating to 2.3 million individuals in Australia (Asthma Australia, 2014). The aetiology of asthma is complex and multifactorial. It is characterised by airway inflammation, persistent airway hyper reactivity, intermittent airflow obstruction and airway remodelling (Maddox L, Schwartz DA, 2002). Asthma is more common amongst individuals living in inner regional and socioeconomically disadvantaged areas compared to those in major cities or outer regional areas (Asthma Australia, 2014).

Allergic asthma is considered to be autoimmune disease because immune system attacks allergen and releases immunoglobulin E (IgE) that induces inflammation and obstruction of the airway. In 2004, David Pritchard found that hookworm larvae infection can reduce airway responsiveness in patients with allergic asthma. In 2006, during his second clinical trial, there are 15 participants received a dose of10 hookworms, and the other15 participants received placebo. After six weeks, the result shown that 15 worm recipients experienced a low inflammatory response. This indicates that their immune system can be controlled and suppressed by

Asthma is the most common chronic disease found in children from developed worlds. Today, approximately ten million children in the United States alone suffer from asthma. Asthma is believed to be increasing dramatically in direct correlation with air pollutants, household chemical exposure, certain allergens, and even food additives. Extensive studies have been conducted on childhood asthma and its association to the exposure of many of these known allergens. Ubiquitous tests have examined exposure to allergens from many household pets such as dogs, cats, and even farm animals; other studies have examined allergens from things such as tobacco smoke, cockroach exposure, mold/fungi exposure, and air pollution levels. These studies have concluded that many pivotal factors play a role in sensitizing an individual to an allergen.

An asthma attack can be induced by a variety of different stimuli often referred to as triggers. Intensity and duration change based on the trigger and one’s ability to remove themselves from the stimuli. There are a variety of triggers that can induce an asthma attack. One of the most common types of trigger are environmental factors. Though the reason for why triggers evoke an allergic response isn’t completely understood, scientists know that different triggers evoke different patterns of inflammation. The effects of allergic rhinitis asthma, or external environmental allergens, like pollen and spores, will be discussed in greater detail due to the amount of research conducted in this specific area. Environmental allergens are easily spread

Allergies are among the most common inveterate case worldwide. Allergy symptoms range from making you powerless to putting you at risk for life-menacing reaction.Food allergies are defined as “ the body 's abnormal responses to harmless foods; the reactions are caused by the immune system 'sreaction to some food proteins” (thefreedictionary.difntion.com).In other words,The job of the body’s immune system is to identify and ruin germs (such as bacteria or viruses) that make you sick. A food allergy results when the immune system wrong targets a harmless food protein an allergen as menace and attacks it.

Radio-AllergoSorbent Test (RAST) are in-vitro tests for allergen-specific IgE that detect allergen-specific IgE in the serum. Patient's serum is incubated with allergen or allergen mixtures bound to a solid material. Allergen-specific IgE is then detected using antibodies specific for human IgE that are labeled with either fluorescent compound or an enzyme. The results of RAST tests are reported semi-quantitatively as a score or as a category of reactivity to indicate either a negative result or low-, medium-, high- or very high degrees of sensitisation (Levin et al., 2013).