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Human Body In Ancient China

Decent Essays

Every human body varies in shape and parts, but in general, an individual’s body is remarkably similar to another. In terms of contemporary Western medicine, the human body share alike anatomy, such as organs and tissues. However, medical traditions in China and Greece viewed the human body much differently than contemporary Western medicine. In particular, traditional Chinese medicine is primarily based on the philosophical ideas of Yin-yang (陰陽)and the Five Phases(五行) theory; likewise, traditional Greek medicine revolved around the notion of the Four Elements and humoral theories. Rather than regarding the human body in terms of anatomy, the Chinese’s and Greek’s knowledge of the human body derived from their respective concepts. In traditional …show more content…

The origin of life is essentially embedded in yin and yang. Although yin and yang are fundamentally opposite to each other, they coexist in order to unify the body. One specific example is that yang corresponds to the six yang visceral system of functions—stomach system, gall bladder system, small intestine system, large intestine system, urinary bladder system, and triple chiao system— while its complement, yin, corresponds to the five yin visceral system—cardiac, hepatic, splenetic, pulmonary, and renal system. In this case, the yang system is responsible for the bodily transmissions while the yin system is responsible for the bodily storage. There are also more examples of yin-yang that corresponds to the human body, such as exterior and interior aspect, lower and upper aspect, quiescence and activity, etc. If there is a lack of an equal relationship between one’s yin and yang, then it could lead to an illness, or even death. In other words, yin and yang “depend on the other for its subsistence, and without one the other cannot be, [and] human life from beginning to end is a process of mutual connection and mutual struggle between yin and yang, and when their relation ceases life …show more content…

In order to remain or become healthy, an individual must contain a balance of yin and yang within the body. This can be achieved through one’s regime, adaptation to the environment, and even a calm mentality. If there is an imbalance of yin and yang, then the individual is sick, or prone to fall sick. As Elizabeth Hsu states it, “[disorders in Chinese medicine] were often explained by reference to disharmonic dynamics: ‘yinyang have no intercourse’...” Therefore, physicians of traditional Chinese medicine considered patients’ yin and yang in their diagnosis and urged them to maintain a balance of yin and yang. An excess or a deficiency of either yin or yang, which creates disharmony, could ultimately lead to unpleasant symptoms of serious diseases. Physicians could identify these disharmonies utilizing the four examinations: looking, listening and smelling, asking, and touching of the pulse. During the examination, they could identify the patient’s disease, and “an individual sign or symptom may point to a particular organ or to a quality of disharmony…Disharmonies always involve imbalances of Yin and Yang. For clarity, the Yin-Yang archetypes are often broken down into sub-categories: Deficiency and Excess, and Hot and Cold.” In other words, the use of yin and yang in diagnosis was important for physicians to identify

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