Humanistic views of learning and motivation to learn
Humanism
In psychology, humanism is the study of the whole person (thoughts, feelings, behaviour and needs) and focuses on the innate potential of humans. Humanists believed that humans are unique, self-direct and able to make decisions and set goals based on their awareness of their internal thoughts and feelings of themselves and the world (McInerney, 2006, pp. 258-259). These thoughts and feelings comprise of three main drivers. The individual’s identity of who they are and where they are going, their connectedness and how they interact with others and the power to take control of one’s life and know one’s limits (McInerney, 2006, p. 259).
Humanists
Two influential humanistic approaches
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Motivation
Motivation comes in two forms and can be applied individually or together depending on the specific situation faced by the individual. Extrinsic motivation is where the individual will be motivated to attain or avoid a consequence based on the approval or disapproval of others, and intrinsic motivation refers to an individual being motivated for their own achievement and pleasure (McDevitt, 2013, p. 546).
Why do teachers need to support motivation?
What motivates a student is personal but can be seen through the engagement and disengagement of a student in teaching and learning activities. Therefore, engagement is an important element of learning because it makes learning possible and provides teachers with the feedback they need to gauge ‘how well their efforts to motivate students are working’ (O’Donnell et al., 2016, pp. 450-451). Teachers can promote students’ engagement to enhance students’ intrinsic motivation by providing activities that are interesting and encourages self-direction. Teachers can also engage themselves in the act of relatedness by relating to students in a caring way to aid extrinsic motivation (O’Donnell et al., 2016, p.
intrinsic motivation comes from within you as to extrinsic comes from external energy. i believe intrinsic motivation is better then extrinsic because to be intrinsic you have to be confidence about yourself push yourself to be motivated its natural energy as to extrinsic, you are motivated cause of other reason example your motivated cause mom or dad told you you have to or they'll buy you a car if your motivated to finish school. i also believe intrinsic motivation will get you a long way because sometime you won't have that extrinsic energy to motivate yourself as to intrinsic it come from your heart. To have extrinsic motivation i don't think it will work best because you are always looking for so reward and sometime you don't get a
Extrinsic motivation involves external incentives such as rewards and punishers. When we are extrinsically motivated we engage in a behavior for an external payoff or to avoid an external punishment. Intrinsic motivation is based on internal factors such as organismic needs as well as curiosity, challenge, and fun. When we are intrinsically motivated, we engage in a behavior because we enjoy it (King, 2014, p. 338). I observed both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in the same situation. With so many people living in the house we must take turns cooking dinner and in this instance, it was my brother and sisters turn to cook. My sister loves cooking, she was experiencing intrinsic motivation. Whereas my brother does not enjoy this task, but my brother knows that he will not get to go out with his friends if he does not help with dinner. My brother was extrinsically motivated in this situation.
Motivation often is classified as intrinsic or extrinsic. Students who are motivated intrinsically have an internal drive to succeed and a personal interest in the material. Students with extrinsic motivation engage in activities to obtain external incentives, such as grades or rewards (Sedden & Clark, 2016). Although, instructors note that intrinsic motivation is best for students, many
Humanism is a term that is applied to beliefs, methods and philosophies that place human beings at the center all life and the universe. Humanists observe that the goal of human life is happiness on earth. Besides happiness, humanism is also grounded in “naturalistic metaphysics” (Lamont 13). It considers all supernatural things and beliefs to be mythical, hence warranting dismissal. It is also conceived of the idea that human beings are products of nature rather than supernatural creation. The earthly experience is more important than any forms of predestination or determinism. According to humanist, human beings have choice of action and have the capacity to shape their destiny. The process of self-definition also leads to critical inquiry
First of all, extrinsic motivation is occurring when a person performs a behavior or task to "...earn a reward or avoid punishment."(psychology.about.com). In contrast, intrinsic motivation occurrs when a person performs a behavior or task because it is "...personally rewarding..."(psychology.about.com). In other words, an example of extrinsic motivation is a child playing a sport in order to get praise from their parents. However, an example of intrinsic motivation would be a child playing a sport because they find the activity enjoyable. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation pertain to the motives Ryan has for applying to a college. For example, if Ryan decided to go to the college where both his parents went to in order to receive praise from them, that would be an extrinsic motivation. However, if Ryan decided to go to Florida Southern College not because both his parents went there, but because he loves the ambiance of the campus, that would be a intrinsic
There are several different kinds of motivation, and some of the different types include extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation, physiological motivation, and achievement motivation. Intrinsic, extrinsic, and psychological motivation all play a role in an individual’s achievement motivation. Extrinsic motivation is motivation from outside circumstances that can influence an individual’s motivation. Extrinsic motivation factors can range from social acceptance, a promotion, or even a monetary reward. Intrinsic motivation on the other hand is motivation that comes from within an individual. Intrinsic motivation factors would be a person’s enjoyment and satisfaction they get from achieving a task. A person’s
The humanistic perspective on personality deals exclusively with human behavior. Humanistic psychologists believe that human nature includes a natural drive towards personal growth, that humans have the freedom to choose what they do regardless of environmental factors, and humans are mostly conscious beings and are not controlled by unconscious needs and conflicts. They also believe that a person's subjective view of the world is more important than objective reality. Two of the humanistic theorists that have made an impact of humanism are Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
Although humanism has several different meanings, especially for those who consider themselves humanists, this definition in my opinion best explains humanism as it is applied in our class. In a journal entry written by Robert L Sinsheimer, titled “Humanism and Science”, he explains that humanists are concerned with
Motivation in general is the drive to do something. There are two types of motivation, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation refers to the action done for the sake of enjoyment (Study.com, n. d.). The action is done simply because we like the activity and not for other outcomes. In intrinsic motivation, people do it just because they find it fun and enjoyable. For instance, Leigh Anne was known for her commitment to the less fortunate. She had been doing charity simply because she wanted to and not because of profit or any other repayment.
*Extrinsic motivation is a behavior or activity to receive an award or ovoid a punishment. Intrinsic motivation is a behavior is rewarding personally and doing the activity for the sake of doing and not for a reward. Both motivations can be very useful. Extrinsic can be used to motivate someone to learn new skills by offering a reward. It can also be a source of feedback to let someone know that they are doing a good job. Intrinsic helps when praise from outside increases your internal motivation to do more. My Intrinsic Motivation score is 41. My Extrinsic Motivation score is 33. I have to tend to agree with these results because I feel like I am very self-motivated. I tend to do things on my own and need very little guidance. I enjoy
Encarta Dictionary says that Humanism is a system of thought that centers on human beings and their values, capacities and worth. Encarta also goes on the say that, in philosophy, humanism is an attitude that emphasizes the dignity and worth of an individual. A basic premise of humanism is that people are rational beings who possess within themselves the capacity for truth and goodness. I see myself as a being a humanist through everyday life. I always try to see the good in a person when he/she makes me angry or sad, and say I to myself that maybe that person has had a bad day and living life is difficult at the moment. Socrates was even an early humanist of sorts. He can be quoted as saying, "to know the good is to do the
Extrinsic motivation it is the motivation brought about by what a person is getting from a certain task, rather than interest in the task. An example of extrinsic motivation is when a student who is not particularly interested in math works hard in order to attain a good grade, and in a working person’s life, it could be working on a task that is not necessarily interesting to him/her, but that is giving a good amount of financial reward. A good example of intrinsic motivation is working as a volunteer in a children’s home because taking care of children is of personal interest and satisfaction, to the person, despite getting no reward.
There are many different theories of how people learn and in considering their application to how students learn and how teachers teach; educational programmes must be of holistic value. Learning according to the humanistic theory speaks to the holistic value that must be communicated through the process of acquiring new
Intrinsic motivation can be defined as “motivation associated with activities that are their own reward” (Perry 2003). It is motivation that stems from your inner feelings and views which feed your desires to accomplish and perform. Oppositely, extrinsic motivation is “motivation created by external factors such as rewards and punishments” (Perry 2003). When you are extrinsically motivated, you are only performing the task for what you will gain from completion. On the other hand, when we are intrinsically motivated, there is no requirement for external rewards or punishments
Though humanism continues to have a variety of meanings, philosophically it is a way of life, centered on human need and interest. British Humanist Association declares humanism as an approach to life based on reason. Humanism is an ongoing process. It encompasses atheist, rationalist, naturalist, ethicists and secular view points. What humanists have common is the vision of the dignity of the human beings. Humanism has no creed but many convictions. It involves a commitment to the existence and importance of moral values.