The first chapter of the book by Attardo, which includes a review of important theories of humor, allows a reader to realize quickly that definitions of humor as much as humor itself are full of ambiguities. Humor has been studied by linguists, psychologists and anthropologists. Hence, this concept has been regarded from many sides and many its aspects have been discovered.
As much as bilingualism, humor has been defined in its strictest sense as something that elicits laughter and in a less strict sense as something that amuses or is felt to be funny and can elicit even a smile (Attardo)
A researcher who is interested in humor should be ready to face the challenge of identifying it and being subjective. One of the traps of humor, mentioned
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Incongruity theory is based on the idea that laughter is “a result of perception of the incongruity between a concept and the real objects” (Schopenhauer, 1819 quoted in Attardo: 1994:48) When applied to linguistics, to bilingual humor notably, I believe that code-switching can be humorous itself because of the effect of incongruity. Conversely, the idea of two different linguistic systems standing next to each other is amusing. However, humorous code-switching is much more complex than that: it includes incongruity of phonetic and grammar systems, associations with various discourses and sociolinguistic and communicative …show more content…
According to this theory the first laughter was a triumphal laughter of a winner who felt superior to someone else. From this perspective it will be interesting to observe code-switching or its lack in examples of disparaging humor. Given that code-switching has social functions of inclusion or exclusion, creation of distance or expression of sense of community and solidarity (chapter), the language choice of a speaker and code-switching in humorous interactions can have an important effect on humor perception by other participants. For instance, teasing someone in the language which represents the sense of community between both speakers will be perceived friendlier and less aggressive than the opposite situation in which the speaker uses disparaging humor in a different
“Humour is the tendency of particular cognitive experiences to provoke laughter and provide amusement.” The term Humour has been derived from the Greek language, which teaches that humour is the balance of fluids in the human body. Humour is savoured by different taste-buds like: Anecdotal, Blue, Dark/Gallows/Morbid, Epigrammatic, Hyperbolic, Ironic, Satirical, Satirical, Situational and Slapstick. Franz Kafka, the author of the outright existential classic ‘The Metamorphosis’ uses depressing humour to deal with the bitter deathly truths of life.
People always say that laughter alleviates tension. If this is the case, then it makes sense that the use of humor when discussing uncomfortable topics can make the conversation easier and more light-hearted. One of Mark Twain’s most frequently used devices in works such as “Advice to Youth”, “To the Person Sitting in Darkness”, and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is satire, which can provide society a method to bond over uncomfortable topics, and facilitate the ability to sustain that bond through an easier way to create discussion.
Lei states that "humor is shared by people from every nation. However, different nations have different kinds of sense of humor, closely related to religion, ideology, society, politics and culture. Therefore, although humor has been studied for a very long time, most are from the perspective of literature, art, sociology, psychology, pragmatics or linguistics. Some scholars doubt that humor can be fully translated into another language because humor is language-specific and culture-specific. Only a few scholars study the translation of humor." (2010, p.7).
Humor’s foundations are made up of seeds of truth, from which comedy and laughter can grow from. Within these seeds different types of issues are found that cast a wide array of topics in which are discussed or given question to by humorists. As the evolution of humor continues to grow it can be seen that it will continue down a darker road, as history has
Humor is viewed by some people as an important part of life. Most people enjoy amusement, and some turn to humorists as a source for that amusement. Some further view humorists as holding an important position in society because society allows humorists to say things that others can and will not say. Due to their unique position in society, humorists serve a role that is certainly unique and can be important, but not vital. Furthermore, humor can very well have a dangerous side, whether intentional or unintentional, so humorists should try to be careful with their powerful position.
Laughter is said to be the best medicine. While that may be true, it's important to always give the patient the right medicine, otherwise it is useless and, in some cases, harmful. The same can be said for humor: give a person a joke without thinking, and they could end up confused by the joke or offended by it. Because of this, many authors have several techniques to find the perfect joke befitting their audience in order to provide a clear and crisp way of showing the reader their message.
Comedy for many people translates as being pure entertainment, which provides many laughs; however the reality is that while it has many surface pleasures it also holds many interior truths. Focusing in on the framework of comedy this paper will concentrate on the underlying discourse of this craft that has mastered the art of pushing social boundaries in a way its listener can receive its unrestricted reality without a great deal of objection.
Before delving into examples of the three theories of humor (superiority, relief and incongruity),
During this unit, my understanding of humor in literature evolved from believing that it was simply comic relief to grasping that humor is an entertaining method of conveying a universal truth through many different methods. Comedy comes in countless shapes and sizes, which all have different purposes and appeal to a variety of audiences. However, although the forms of humor are diverse, Springboard Activity 4.3 expresses that they can be categorized as either low comedy, which is "straightforward and generally easy to follow and understand"(1) or high comedy, which "can take a bit of reflection to realize the humorous intent"(4). Naturally, high and low comedy have different purposes in comedic literature. An author might use high comedy to
In this study, social media approach offers a useful method to study the social psychological characteristics of humor within participants with both high degrees of internal and external validity. Internal validity relates to the effect of the psychological behavior of participants once taking the Humor Styles Questionnaire, while external validity relates to a specific category of participants belonging to different
Humor is another emotion that everyone have in mind that they are to timid to say or thinking about it. Humor express someone feeling that they don’t say out loud for others to hear. Alain de Botton claim about humorist changes people's perspective of what the society say.
Humor is something that has been scorned in the past and by the greatest minds of philosophy such as Plato and Aristotle. It was viewed by ancient societies as lacking seriousness and being distractive to the process of thinking. In any case, Plato condemned the association of humor with gods claiming that it was degrading to encourage it on human beings let alone the supernatural. Aristotle even emphasized that laughter is ‘uneducated insolence.’ It is therefore quite the issue when humor is allied with a field as serious as Medicine. While these are more traditional views of humor, developments in psychology, show that humor is a crucial part of the subconscious mind. It is crucial for information processing of the human mind and allows human beings to move past depressing situations (Watson 37). This essay aims at analyzing Katie Watson’s article, Gallows Humor in Medicine. It seeks to provide insight on the role and kind of humor in the medical field as well as respond to Watson’s work. The essay mostly agrees with the article given its attempts to explain the role of humor as an important one in dealing with difficult situations in a better manner. It supports the article in criticizing the thought that the profession is a squeamish campaign in contradiction of pleasure.
Uses humor – a laughter invoked by a good-natured look at the inconsistencies in human nature and of life
Content analysis is a research method for making replicable and valid inferences from data to their context, with the purpose of providing knowledge, new insights, a representation of facts, and a practical guide to action (Krippendorff, 1980). My aim will be to produce a condensed yet broad description of the humor phenomenon, including concepts or categories describing the humor phenomenon. Usually the purpose of those concepts or categories is to build up a model, conceptual system, conceptual map, or categories. I will make a choice between the terms ‘concept’ and ‘category’ and use one or the other. While content analysis has its critics in the quantitative field, who consider the method a simplistic technique, which does not lend itself to detailed statistical analysis; others claim no qualitative aspects adhere to the method at all. In the early days, the differentiation of content analysis was limited to classification as a qualitative vs. quantitative research method. According to Weber (1990), one can produce simplistic results by using any method whatsoever if one’s skills of analysis are lacking. The truth is, the method is as easy or as difficult as I decide (Neundorf, 2002).
Humor is a social and stylistic phenomenon. The function of humor text is to achieve the entertaining and amusing the readership. As a first step to translate humor, the translator should know what makes this certain sentence or expression funny? What is the type of this humor? If the translator knows that, he will decide what strategy should be used to give a better translation for that humor. This paper will investigate both linguistic and cultural challenges of translating humor from Arabic into English