Hypothyroidism Research Paper

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis, also called Hashimoto’s disease is an autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system attacks the thyroid gland. It was named for the Japanese surgeon who discovered it in 1912 The thyroid is a small butterfly shaped gland in the front of the neck. The thyroid makes hormones called T3 and T4. These hormones regulate metabolism. The thyroid is controlled by hormones of the pituitary gland, which is also called the “master gland.” It is a pea-sized gland located in the base of the brain which, among others, makes thyroid stimulating hormone, or TSH. TSH stimulates the thyroid to make thyroid hormone. With Hashimoto’s disease, the thyroid cells are damaged resulting in the inability to make enough thyroid

The main treatment for hypothyroidism is synthetic thyroid hormone in pill form to replace what’s missing. Depending on the reason for the slow thyroid, adding more iodine to the diet and generally eating a healthy diet can help.

The history of hypothyroidism dates way back to the 1800s; seeing the symptoms in patients, even before the disease was able to be diagnosed. Later realizing that many of the cases of cretinism, later called hypothyroidism, were largely associated with the lack in function of the thyroid. Today, also realizing that there is not only internal factors that influence hypothyroidism but also external factors that can contribute. Hypothyroidism can present itself in many different ways from no symptoms at all to organ failure, in a severe enough case. Discovering and treating hypothyroidism with medication or alternative, if the patient chooses, can be very simple after confirming diagnosis with lab results. An optimistic prognosis is usually given to patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism.

Hypothyroidism patient, needs good care and should take thyroid hormone medicine correctly. The victim need to see the doctor at least once per year, so that the doctor can check the victims condition closely and the doctor may adjust the treatment if need be. If the medicine has side effects, the doctor should be informed in order to have regular blood tests of finding whether the correct amount of thyroid hormone is being received. If left untreated and taking poor nutrition, hypothyroidism can lead to

In dogs, “the two most common causes of primary hypothyroidism include lymphocytic thyroiditis and idiopathic atrophy of the thyroid gland” (Kahn 2010). Lymphocytic

Before understanding what hypothyroidism is it helps to know what the thyroid is and how it works. The thyroid is a gland in the lower front of the lower front of the neck just below the Adams apple. Think of it as the bodies thermostat. It impacts many parts of the body the muscles, bones, skin, heart, brain, liver, kidneys, digestive tract, and more. Millions of people have hypothyroidism and many or undiagnosed. Both women and men can develop hypothyroidism, but it is more common among women. In fact, women are five times more likely than men to suffer from hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is a lifelong condition that can occur at any age. Your body gives you signals that something is wrong the way your body normal feels. This tells you the you need to go to see a doctor to explain your symptoms with him or her. This will give you a better or closer look to see what is causing this issue or change that you notice in your body. You will probably have to have test done to assist them in diagnosing your issue.

The author Azeez Farooki MD in “Hypothyroidism: What You Should Know about Your Treatment”, focused on the drug levothyroxine which replaces the thyroid hormone that is not being produced in the body of people with hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is very common and it affects more than 27 million people and mostly women and elderly. Levothyroxine is a synthetic medication and some people that take it have a more difficult time tolerating it or absorbing it the traditional way. The doctor might be able to prescribe a more natural “pure” levothyroxine formula to those people. The symptoms of hypothyroidism are very similar to many other diseases which sometimes can be overlooked and people become undiagnosed. It’s important to keep great communication with the doctor to have success in treatment. The treatment is usually a lifelong situation and the doctor

Surgery to remove the thyroid is a cure to eliminate hyperthyroidism, but a thyroidectomy will require hormone medication for the rest of the animal’s life. As with any surgery with anesthesia, there is a risk, and since the parathyroid gland is in close proximity to the thyroid gland, care must be taken to not damage the parathyroid gland. Medication to control the production of excess T3 and T4 hormone is a treatment, not a cure for the disease. However, if the animal has side effects which have to be dealt with, daily dosing of anti-thyroid medication, and veterinarian visits for blood tests fall to the responsibility of the owner. Radioactive iodine therapy is a safe, effective way to kill the thyroid abnormal tissue, providing another cure for hyperthyroidism. An injection of the radioactive iodine is performed by the veterinarian and the iodine is engrossed by the bloodstream, with no adverse side effects or the risk of anesthesia. Since this treatment is radioactive, hospitalization after injection must be adhered until the

The 19th and 20th century brought great medical understanding to the thyroid gland. The thyroid was once though to lubricate the larynx; but during this time doctors began to understand the importance of the thyroid (Hamdy). According to the American thyroid association, Thomas Warton named the thyroid in 1656; due to a resemblance the gland had with a Greek shield. It wasn’t until 1850 the first case of hypothyroidism was finally described. Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland production of the thyroid hormone is abnormally low. The purpose of the thyroid hormone, which is secreted by the thyroid, is to maintain the metabolism throughout the body.

The thyroid is a butterfly shaped gland that is located in the front of your neck. This glands purpose is to act as the control center for your body and secrete hormones that help sustain the organs. Two conditions that can affect the thyroid to become overactive or underactive are called hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. The main difference between hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism is the thyroid’s hormone production. Hyperthyroidism is a disorder where your thyroid gland creates too much of the hormone thyroxine and this is known as throtoxicosis. Thyroxine is the primary hormone secreted into the bloodstream and is vital in heart and digestive functions, regulating metabolic rate, and maintaining bone, just to name a few. Hyperthyroidism

Hypothyroidism is a disease that affects the Thyroid Gland located in the lower part of the neck, is wrap around trachea . The Thyroid Gland looks like a butterfly, the two wings are the lobes and the middle part is called Isthmus. Hypothyroidism is disease where a person's thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones. The thyroid hormones are very important, it affects your growth, development and other cellular process. Having hypothyroidism can bring many problems to your body.

Iodine supplements for hypothyroid as well enhance iodine caused thyroid problems. Generally, you need to consume food full of vitamin B, Iron, Antioxidants and get away from Soy, alcohol and also tobacco.

During an exam, a person’s doctor may try to detect a slight tremor in your fingers when they're extended, overactive reflexes, eye changes and warm, moist skin. Your doctor will also examine your thyroid gland as you swallow to see if it's enlarged, bumpy or tender and check your pulse to see if it's rapid. (Mayo Clinic, 2015). “A diagnosis can be confirmed with blood tests that measure the levels of thyroxine and TSH in your blood. High levels of thyroxine and low or nonexistent amounts of TSH indicate an overactive thyroid. The amount of TSH is important because it's the hormone that signals your thyroid gland to produce more thyroxine. These tests are particularly necessary for older adults, who may not have classic symptoms of hyperthyroidism.” (Mayo Clinic, 2015, pg. 2) “Your doctor may also want to obtain a picture of your thyroid (a thyroid scan). The scan will find out if your entire thyroid gland is overactive or whether you have a toxic nodular goiter or thyroiditis (thyroid inflammation). A test that measures the ability of the gland to collect iodine (a thyroid uptake) may be done at the same time.” (ATA, 2018, pg. 1) Hyperthyroidism can be treated by antithyroid drugs, radioactive iodine, surgery, or beta

This drug is good because that will help with her hyperthyroidism and if she was to get a surgical procedure (Davis 2016). She is also taking Lopressor 25 mg daily for her high blood pressure which is a Beta blocker. It is beneficial in relieving symptoms of thyrotoxicosis such as lowering the tachycardia, her hypertension, and her irritability (Davis 2016). Iodine such as Potassium iodine or Lugol’s solution may be good for her because they block the release of the T3 and T4 into circulation and makes surgery safer for her (Lewis, 2014). They may also use pylthiouracil (PTU) to inhibit the synthesis of thyroid hormones. To help achieve goals quickly it helps block the conversion of T4 to T3 in

Binding of TSH to thyroid gland receptors leads to release of thyroid hormones, when there are elevated levels of these hormones there is a reaction that occurs to the hypothalamus that signals it to decrease TRH secretion and therefore synthesis of TSH begins (Lee 2015). Iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormone. “Inorganic iodide is transported into the gland by an iodide transporter, convert to iodine, bound to thyroglobulin by the enzyme thyroid peroxidase, all which is a process known as Organification” (Lee 2015). The outcome of the Organification process is the formation of MIT and DIT which help with the formation of T-3 and T-4 hormones, which is then kept with the thyroglobulin in the thyroids follicular lumen. Any disturbance of the regulated mechanism can arise in the pituitary, thyroid or periphery glands and can result in an increase in the transcription in cellular proteins which causes a rise in basal metabolic