Incompetent Cervix Case Study

Sometimes these lesions can be hard to see, so an examination may be needed. These warts can sometimes lead to the development of certain forms of cancer. Other symptoms can include irregular menstrual bleeding, vaginal pain, foul smelling discharge, and possible back and pelvic pain (WHO, 2016).

These signs can last from two to three weeks. The early symptoms can include an itching or burning sensation; pain in the legs, buttocks, or genital area; vaginal discharge; or a feeling of pressure in the abdominal region.

Due to abnormal Pap smear, having a cone biopsy or loop electrosurgical excision procedure on the cervix

some few days and don’t require any medical attention. It is crucial to inspect Ovidrel before injecting it; if the injectable solution seems to have particles or if it is not clear, don’t use it.

Any bleeding, rashes, changes in the surrounding skin or stoma color (darkening, grey, purple, black)

Chlamydia often affects women’s internal reproductive organs (Woods, 2003). Because chlamydia often has no symptoms time is given to the bacteria to spread. It often can result in pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). In fact 50% of women with untreated chlamydia will develop PID (Dougherty, 2010). “PID is a leading cause of chronic pelvic pain, internal abscess formation, and infertility in women” (Kolesnikow, 2004). Some symptoms of PID may include lower abdominal pain, fever, vaginal discharge, painful urination, painful intercourse, and bleeding in between menstrual cycles (Breguet, 2007). These are very real and potentially severe consequences for something that a young woman may not know she even has.

Abnormal bleeding between periods or excessively heavy menstrual flow is the most common symptoms for patients. Patients may also experience pain, in the lower back, pelvic or abdomen area. Weight gain may be noticed, along with abnormal increase in abdomen size. Finally, painful intercourse may be one of the symptoms.

According to C. Nordqvist the following are signs and symptoms of PID: pain generally in the lower abdomen/pelvis region (can be excruciating), fever, fatigue, irregular menses, pain during intercourse and vaginal exude. PID is diagnosed in “750,000 cases each year in the U.S.” (Nordqvist,

chronic pelvic pain may happen amid feminine cycle, intercourse, while having a solid discharge, or essentially exist constantly. In a few ladies, the pain exists alongside other painful conditions, for example, irritable bowel syndrome, interstitial cystitis, kidney stones, vulvodynia, fibromyalgia and migraine headache pains. Various tests can help your specialist discover the reason for your pain.These may incorporate blood tests, urologic tests or X-beams. At times, your specialist may need to perform minor surgery, for example, laparoscopy (a methodology in which a thin lighted tube is embedded in the stomach area so the specialist can take a look at your pelvic

family history is a non-modifiable risk factor that puts a woman at a risk of cervical cancer.

Research on cervical cancer reached a turning point when German virologist Harald zur Hausen discovered that women became susceptible to developing cervical cancer following HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) infection. Awarded with half the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2008, Harald zur Hausen presented novel human papilloma viruses as key contributors to the cancer, as HPV type 16 and 18 genomes and expression of its specific DNA genes merged into the tumour host cell genome. His discovery made it possible to develop a vaccine against the second most common cancer among women, as well as leading to the understanding of cervical carcinogenesis.

The tracer patient identified in this summary was infected, possibly after the first surgery with the open hysterectomy. The infection process could have started from the operating room or any time thereafter with the care of the wound. The patient should have been treated prior to surgery with an Intravenous antibiotic and sent home with continuous oral antibiotic. The patient should have been kept in the hospital for observation at least two days and then discharged home with Home Health nursing for monitoring/ caring of wound. Teaching of wound care and maintenance should have been part of this patient’s care while in the hospital.

Mosby’s dictionary defines incompetent cervix as a condition characterized by painless dilation of the cervical OS of the uterus before term without labor or contractions of the uterus. Miscarriage or premature delivery may result.

Mostly all ladies unit troubled with discharge pain monthly. expelling cramps (also noted as dysmenorrheal) unit pains that occur among the abdominal and girdle areas as a results of a woman's discharge quantity. The pain can vary significantly from woman to woman, with some cramps being relatively light to others that unit terribly severe. Monthly once the feminine internal organ lining sheds as flow, the feminine internal organ ought to contract. In ladies with pain the contractions unit really painful. the feminine internal organ would possibly even spasm. Pain could also be localized to the lower abdomen; but it can also be among the lower back, among the fanny, additionally as divergent down the thighs. This wave like pain is sometimes amid headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and symptom. there's a unit unnumbered ways in which to alleviate discharge cramps but selecting natural remedies for discharge cramps is usually the upper selection.

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer related mortality in countries such as India accounting for more than 17% of all cancer deaths in women aged 30-69. [3] Cervical cancer is one such type of cancer in which screening plays a significant role. Clinical trials done in below poverty level populations do encounter ethical issues to a certain extent with regards to informed consent as most or all of these patients are illiterate. However informed consent is extremely important when justifying data for such clinical trials. Countries such as US have implemented Pap smear screening as one of the most important cervical cancer screening methods. In countries as densely populated as India where proper healthcare facilities does not reach slums and extremely poverty stricken societies, alternatives for screening are indicated- VIA or Visual inspection with acetic acid