ID: 9970760
BMAN10931 Financial Innovations in International Business
Assessed Essay Question, Semester 1, 2016-2017
Article chosen: ‘China facing full blown financial crisis, world’s top financial watch dog warns’
Introduction
The author warns of the existence of a bubble in the Chinese economy that will eventually result in a financial crisis. I agree with this position as this warning is based on solid facts that prove China’s credit vulnerability, and show the huge debt that the Chinese economy has accumulated in its effort to maintain its growth that could lead to a devastating banking crisis.
Summary
The article suggests that the debt driven growth of the Chinese economy for many decades will cause a banking crisis. The Chinese
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After the economic reforms of 1978, China gradually became the manufacturing hub of the world and its GDP catapulted from 214 billion USD and 9th in the world to almost 11 trillion and 2nd in the world in 2015 (focus economics, 2016). China’s financial system has managed to sustain this rapid economic growth for many years, mostly through the appropriate allocation of capital (Yan, 2013).
The Chinese financial system has many differences from the ones of other economies as it is closely tied with national and regional governments who can dictate most of its activities (Yan, 2013). It is controlled by the large state owned banks which handle more than 70% of the savings and credits in the Chinese economy (Yan, 2013). The five largest banks that provide almost half of the total loans in the Chinese economy are majority owned by the central government while the government holds stakes at many of the other banks (Yan, 2013). For many years the major banks have been used by the government as pools of unlimited capital for the country’s state owned enterprises (Yan, 2013). With the use of the implicit government guarantees the government prevents the large state owned enterprises from defaulting on their loans (Yan, 2013). This makes it possible for the state enterprises to acquire a large quantity of loans as they are considered a safe debtor by the
Randall submits that building firewalls and Chinese walls will abolish the synergies between financial and non-financial institutions. In addition, Randall also points out that government should restrict the areas where synergies is not required to cancel out by building Chinese walls and where the risk is acceptable rather than stop supporting creditors of fragile banks. Randall suggests that there should be barrier for non-banks to enter into banking sector in order to avoid the enlargement of safety net (Randall, 63-74).
High government intervention has also had positive effects on China’s economy. Since the Global Financial Crisis of 2007-08, China has become increasingly
China has become a perceived threat to the U.S. economy because of the increasing trade deficit between the two countries, their ability to undercut production costs of similar products produced in the United States, and the amount of leverage that China has over the United States due to amount of money that has been lent by China. Although the United States has taken steps to close the trade deficit, such as convincing China to raise prices on their exports, there is still a considerable gap (Prasad). The United States government continues to print money that they simply can’t afford, therefore, relying even more heavily on China sustaining the value of their currency. Unless the United States is able to close the trade deficit and regain control of our economic flexibility, the problems caused by foreign countries owning our debt will remain eminent.
Financial crisis is really a major concern for all economies in the world. Every time a crisis occurs, companies, banks and financial institutions should draw their own lessons, because if the lessons are not recognized, they may still go on the trail of failure of
Now, many of these banking groups are owned by foreign investors, despite attempted safeguards. This ownership has provided investors leverage and influence over the actions of the government because the government owes an exorbitant amount to these banks (Daniel Lederman). The same argument can be made about the United States’ government. This influence can be seen across the board as many decisions now seem to favor only a select few, forgetting about the ramifications for the many.
the Chinese financial integration on C, S and I in the rest of the world?
In 2008, the Global Financial Crisis broke out; both the American economy and the economy in the West suffered a hard blow. However, a big economy system in the East emerged unexpectedly. China is now able to challenge the America’s decades-long dominant position in economic area. Started during the middle of 1990s, China’s manufacturing industry developed rapidly that billions of exports were floating out, and China was given the title of “the world’s factory”(BBC). By the end of 2010, China with a GDP of $5.8 trillion, surpassed Japan’s GDP of $5.48 trillion, became the world’s second largest economy system (BBC). China also exceeded Japan became America’s largest foreign securities holder. Since then, China has been seen as the US’s
During the Enlightenment, modern thinkers called philosophes introduced new ideas surrounding society. Despite each philosophe having individual beliefs, each one’s centered around equality for each human individual. These revolutionary thinkers transformed views on society and government. John Locke, an influential philosopher who lived during the English Civil War and Glorious Revolution, wrote about human equality and how it pertained to the government. “Second Treatise on Civil Government,” his book discussing political philosophy was published in 1690.
2008 financial crisis caused severe trauma on the world economy, although the economy of China grew moderately, China 's financial system is very fragile, the financial laws and regulations are deficient, the structure of foreign change reserve is very risky, because China has huge foreign exchange reserve of US dollar, which makes China also suffer from the financial crisis. Financial crisis is caused by the American subprime mortgage, to combat the financial crisis, the United States issued a substantial amount of U.S. dollars, which makes the U.S. dollar depreciate continuously, and this action makes many countries that have great amount of foreign exchange reserves in U.S. dollars suffer huge losses. China has the largest foreign exchange reserves in the world, in 2008, China’s foreign exchange reserves had reached $ 2 trillion, the continues devaluation of the U.S. dollar make China suffered a lot, thus the international capital system based on U.S. dollars has been questioned, China and other countries that also hold a huge amount of U.S. dollars started to build a new international capital structure. In 2011, China, Japan
Exodus 19-20 and Deuteronomy 5 Moses went up to god and god told him to obey him fully and that he would become his treasured possession. God practically tells mosses that he is a disciple for the holy nation and it is his job to tell the people of Israel to obey God’s word so that they can become the lords treasured possessions too. The Israelites agree to the lord’s word and mosses delivers the message that they must get ready for the third day because that is when the lord will come down on Mount Sinai. To prepare for the third day the Israelites were told to wash their clothes and abstain from sexual relations. When the lord landed, he insisted that the people of Israel and the priests must not force their way up to see the lord.
Since the financial tsunami and the bankruptcy of Lehman’s Brother in September 2008, the world’s economy took a deep plunge and the Chinese economy is no exception. In the wake of the global financial crisis, The Economist (2008) reported that China’s real GDP growth slowed to 9 percent in the third quarter of 2008 and export growth slowed to 21.1%. It was, in fact, well below analyst expectations and recent
According to the specialists, there are many reasons for this global financial crisis. We try to focus some prime reasons behind this
During the course of my undergraduate studies, I knew that furthering my education would be something I would strive to do. However, I felt that obtaining work experience first would be beneficial to my capability and knowledge for graduate school. Moreover, I felt that the work experience would help increase my basic practice skills and give me the capability to see areas that I could better improve in.
The US banking crisis of 2008 has shook the world and putted great pressure on global money markets. The banking crisis of 2008 might be characterized as an example of the final stage of a well-known boom-and-bust pattern that has been repeated so many times in the course of economic history. The reason for it to happen could be simplify to limited resources unable to satisfy endless human wants. However, due to the increased connectivity of today highly interconnected financial system, this crisis is biggest one that the world had so far. Until August 2008, subprime-related and other credit losses or write downs by global financial institutions stood at about 500 billion dollars (L. Laeven, F.Valencia, 2008). Under certain conditions, the traditional development model is like burning. It burns resources and leaves pollution to achieve economy growth. Many economists had realized this unfixable systemic failure in the current dominant growth economic model. And with the developing of globalization, the systemic failure will case bigger damage each time. 3.3. Intensive growth is the future
Concerning the high Chinese savings rate, several analysts hold the financial sector accountable, noting that the underdeveloped financial system has restricted access to external finance - forcing Chinese firms to internally fund any fixed asset investment with their own retained earnings. However, this is not the only factor attributed; according to Juann Hung and Rong Qian, undervaluation of the yuan also propped up the savings rate by making foreign products relatively more expensive and thereby thwarting import consumption (Hung and Qian, 2010). Despite these theories being the subject of much interest, it is the effect of the savings rate which is most important; China’s rising savings rate meant that a key symptom of its economic expansion during the early twentieth century was a significant rise in its quantity of savings. This, in the eyes of leading economists, prompted a situation where excessive savings were pursuing a limited number of