Iraq Road Map Essay

The communication was improved by telegraph, telephone and a connecting railway all being introduced. By 1880, all capital cities were connected by the telegraph and a telephone cable had been laid between Sydney and Melbourne. This allowed more communication to occur as it was easier and also enabled stronger political links between cities. The Federation of Australia additionally constructed a rail way that passed through all the colonies. Before the railway was constructed, each colony had a separate rail gauges which all had different rail gauges and rail width.

2. CURRENT STATUS. Azerbaijan’s rail system from Georgia to Baku has been upgraded by U.S. Army Reserve engineer units. Road and water distribution networks along Kura River valley have been over-hauled. Several regional airfields have been paved and enlarged.

Our organization Nature Iraq does really important work to support the Mesopotamian Marshlands. Our work has changed the environment for the better. For thousands of years, the marshlands influenced the culture by Giving them a flooded marsh that has animals to hunt like fish for food. Also, the marshes provide the culture with fresh water and trading goods that the culture makes. There are reeds in the marshes that the people use to make houses and blankets so houses don't get cold. Also, the reeds are used to feed their buffalo and make food. Many people in the marshlands will use boats to get the reeds so they can transport the reeds to people who need them.They also can transport people who don't have The culture likes to fish and hunt animals for food, they use boats to catch the fish so they don't have to stand next to the tall grass while fishing. The

building a line that would carry passengers between Washington and New York.” This type of

miles of roads that were built. Now with the First Emperor making changes, to most it would

Their construction began in September 1933. Eventually by December 1941, they had completed 2,400 miles (3,860 km), with another 1,550 miles (2,500 km) under construction. The highway network enhanced Germany’s ability to fight on two fronts-Europe in the west, the Soviet Union in the east during World War II. This was eventually used in America in 1940’s where car congestion’s had begun to occur. American president Eisenhower explained years later, “after seeing the autobahns of modern Germany and knowing the asset those highways were to the Germans, I decided, as President, to put an emphasis on this kind of road building. The old [1919] convoy had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germany had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land.”. The rest, as we know, is

This obviously required a strong and central government that can gather the people and resources to build and maintain the roads. During this time building roads like this was considered really impressive. This

Over 1,600 miles of roadway through the most rugged country and severe weather conditions anyone has been in. The highway was to be used as a supply route and establish airfields incase Japan decided to attack from the north. But, in true American fashion the roadway was completed in a timely manner and is now known as the Alaskan Highway.

The Iraqi Republican Guard during that battle consisted of the Tawakalna Republic Guard Division, 12th Armored Division, and 26th Infantry Division. Specifically the battle 73 Easting, the conflict took place against the 18th Armored Brigade. It was one of three brigades assigned to Tawakalna Division. Its mission in moving there was to protect the Division flank during its move. Thus, the 18th Armored Brigade’s action was to move toward to the Iraqi Army's training areas, near to the 73 Easting. They were the best-armored vehicles of the Iraqi Army, with T-72 tanks, the front-line export version of modern Soviet tank technology. They were in static defensive positions with some alternative positions prepared. Iraq had T-72 main battle tanks with a 125mm main gun able to engage targets up to 2,000m. It also carried a 12.7 and 7.62 machine guns with the same effective ranges as the U.S .50cal and M240. In addition, the Iraqi Republican Guard had Boyevaya Mashina Pekhoty (BMP) infantry-fighting vehicles from the Soviet Union; Armored Personnel Carriers (APC); SA- 13 Air Defense Missiles; 152mm Towed Artillery; and Assured Crew Return Vehicle (ACRV) for Command. It also had engineering vehicle BAT-M Earth Mover; Utility Trucks; T-55 Tanks; BTR-70; MTLB Command Vehicles; ZSU-23-4 Air Defense Guns; 81mm dismounted mortars; Ambulance; POL Trucks; and Cargo Trucks. It is important to remember that none of the Iraq tanks, BMPs, or APCs had night

From Washington to Baltimore, the line stretched over 40 miles and cost 30,000 dollars to construct.

While the Iran-Iraq War during the 1980's may have permanently altered the course of progress in Iran and Iraq, the war also altered the resulting permanent involvement of the rest of the world in the middle-east. The rich and complicated history in Iraq has established numerous cultural and ethnic traditions that all play a part in where the country is today. The Iran-Iraq War brought into focus some of those traditions and how they conflicted, while also bringing Iraq and its economic situation into the spotlight. Being on top of some of the most mineral rich soil in the world makes Iraq a major contributor to the world's economy through petroleum and crude oil exports. This, among other reasons, ties nations

To put this amazing feat and engineering marvel into its proper context, consider that the United States interstate freeway system is measured at close to 42,000 miles. To bring this a little closer to home, Washington State has approximately 7,000 miles of highways and over 3,500 bridges. Figure 1 shows the overall network of Roman roads constructed.

Starting from the point R0, which represents the closer station to Baghdad city near Abu-Gharib region in the middle of the country it is considered as the main station over the middle of the Expressway No.1 route as well. Consequently, the results of application the criteria over all these parts are as following;

The majority of movement of materials and goods across continents is through container ships, however, in some cases, planes are used to transport goods. Trucks and trains move materials and goods and within a country or a continent. In some cases, ships sail in rivers, as is the case in parts of Canada. The shares of freight transport as the percentage of the total tone-km by road, inland waterways, and railways in the EU are 75.9%, 6.7%, and 18.4% respectively (EUROSTAT, 2016). In the USA, trucks are the most used means of transportation for moving freight up to 750 miles. Trains move items in bulk beyond the 750-mile limit up to 2000 miles (United States Department of Transportation, 2015).

Having a uniform gauge gives convenience not only to engineers responsible for construction but also to passengers as there may be no break-of-gauge needed, where Ilie (2012) demonstrated that a break-of-gauge is seen as an obstacle to the smooth flow of traffic which would consequently add delays, cost, and inconvenience. Assuming the 80 km distance to have mountainous regions, the Cape gauge could be the optimal choice in this situation. History research shows that narrow gauges were used in mountainous regions. These gauges are also a substitute to places where standard gauge trains would need tunnels or bridges (http://www.gaugemaster.com/narrow-gauge.html). Difficulty in finding the manufactures is eased as the existing ones are already producing Cape gauge