General Biology I – Hybrid Format W#1 / Ch2 / BIO181 Name: Meghan Woodford
1. Describe each:
Isotope – The term isotope is used to describe elements that contain the same amount of protons, but different amounts of neutrons. For example, two elements of the same type such as Uranium 235 and Uranium 238. 235 only has 143 neutrons, where as 238 has 146.
Isomer – Isomers are molecules that contain the same number of atoms of an element, but are arranged differently. Basically isomers are molecules that have the same chemical formula, or molecular components, but different layouts or shapes rather.
Ion – Ion’s are charged atoms. Basically, they are atoms that have unequal electrons to protons. Ion’s can be either positivity charged (cations)
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However, neutrons do not have a charge. They are neutral… As I said above before I realized this was an actual question… “They are neutral in charge. Hence, the term neu-tron.”
Electrons – Electrons are subatomic particles with a mass greater than protons and neutrons (Questions and answers). They are negatively charged particles that typically orbit around an atom. They can be gained and lost, creating ionized versions of an element.
4. How are covalent bonds formed?
Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons. Each atom involved neither gains nor losses an electron, rather the electron pairs are shared between the atoms involved. This means that there is no change in charge. Covalent bonds are the strongest type of bond. Their strength comes from the fact that there is no loss of electrons. The strength of a covalent bond can vary depending on the amount of elections being shared. The more electrons shared, the stronger the bond. Syntactically speaking, covalent bonds are represented with lines that connect their atomic symbols. Single covalent bonds (the sharing of only one pair of electrons) are represented as H-H. Double covalent bonds (the sharing of two pairs of electrons are represented as O=O. Triple covalent bonds, the strongest of the three (the sharing of three pairs of electrons) are represented
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Electronegativity refers to the tendency of a nucleus of an atom to attract electrons. Higher electronegativity nuclei have a greater pull on electrons and vice versa. Elements with a higher electronegativity are located in the upper right parts of the periodic table, where as elements with lower electronegativity are located towards the bottom left. Polar covalent bonds are a term used to describe two atoms that have polar electronegativity. When this happens, shared electron pairs are more likely to be found closer to the atom with higher electronegativity. Polar covalent bonds are no where strong enough to ionize atoms, however, there is still a small change in
7. The more-electronegative element in a binary compound is assigned the number equal to the charge it would have if it were an ion.
It can also be defined as a type of linkage formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a chemical compound (Britannica). Another thing is positive ions can be called a cation and negative ions can be called an anion
* Protons and electrons have equal and opposite electrical charges. Protons are positively charged, and electrons are negatively charged.
Isotopes are different forms of the same element. They have the same number of protons and electrons, but are different in the number of neutrons. As an example, consider the three isotopes of Candium. M&Ms, Skittles, and Reese's Pieces. They are all types of Candium with only one proton in the nucleus and one electron in an energy level around the nucleus, but all three have different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei.
Alpha: is a helium nucleus and is made up of 2 protons and neutron and has a positive charge. When it is ionizing it can knock out the electrons because of the collisions.
The Thurmond Rule is an informal and somewhat amorphous rule in the United States Senate regarding confirmations of judicial nominees. While it originated with former Senator Strom Thurmond's opposition to President Lyndon Johnson's nomination of Justice Abe Fortas to be Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in June 1968, the specifics of the rule vary between sources. Thurmond himself said that no lifetime judicial appointments should move in the last six months or so of a lame-duck presidency.[1] In the last year of George W. Bush's second term Democratic Senator Patrick Leahy stated the rule as meaning "judicial nominations do not advance in the Senate in the latter part of a presidential election year without the support of Senate leaders
A neutron is a positively charged particle with an atomic mass of 1, that resides in the nucleus of an atom.
-Covalent bond- Electrons are shared between two atoms, neither atom completely gains or loses electrons. Between two nonmetals.
Concept 2.1 Matter consists of chemical elements in pure form and in combinations called compounds
“Time for your daily pill” shouts the nurse kindly. Though it’s hard to believe people are nice,
One of these properties is called an electrical charge. Protons have a "positive" (+) charge, electrons have a "negative" (-) charge, and neutrons have no charge, they are neutral.
Memory is one of the most important things we have in our life because it involves in almost every part of our mind including problem solving, decision making, and our interest in life. We depend on it because it helps us make good decisions in life. Memory is the solution in learning and thinking and we use it in our everyday life. Think about the first time you kissed someone you loved or the time you learned how to tie your shoe for the first time. Those are all forms of memory whether they are short or long term. If you do not remember anything from the past then you are having a hard time managing your memory. Without memory you would be exposed to new and extraordinary things in life. Take for example, “Aliens, Love where are they?” by John Hodgman and “Jon” by George Saunders. John Hodgman and Jon both teach readers how without memories we would have a difficult time knowing who we are, who we love, and what we want in life.
A. An attractive force occurs between the protons (nucleus) of one atom and the electrons of another atom. a repulsive force is a force that occurs between like charged electrons and like charged protons of the two atoms.
An Atom is the the basic building block of all matter. Atoms are made up of Particles, called: Protons, neutrons and Electrons. Protons carry a positive charge, the neutron carry 's a neutral charge and the electron carry’s a negative charge. The Atom has two main parts the Nucleus and the Electron Shell. The Nucleus contains the Protons and Neutrons. The electron Shell Contains the The electrons.
The ionization energy is the energy to remove an electron from an atom. A trend for ionization energy is that it generally increases left to right across a row on the periodic table except for the noble gases which have closed shells. For example, lithium requires only 520 kJ/mol to ionize it while helium, the noble gas right next to it in the periodic table, requires 2372 kJ/mol. The ionization energy can be thought of as opposite to the electronegativity of an element in the way that a low ionization energy gives away that an element easily loses electrons to a reaction, while a high electronegativity shows that an element strongly wants to have electrons in a reaction.