Masaru Ibuka founded Sony Corporation in the aftermath of Japan’s defeat during World War II (IJ 106). Following the company’s startup, Ibuka urged Akio Morita, a navy technical lieutenant in thermos optical weapons, to come to Tokyo and join him in the start-up of his new business venture (IJ 106). In May 1946, Sony Corporation was officially established as Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha (Kabushiki Kaisha), a joint stock company (SE1). From the start Ibuka and Morita were determined to develop a global market for their products (Global 50). During the early 1950’s Japanese products suffered from the public perception of their “poor quality” as compared to products made in the United States (IJ 106). Morita reasoned that if Sony was going to enter into the manufacturing and sales of electronic equipment, it was necessary to establish a market presence in the United States (IJ 107). Thus in 1952, Morita decided to traveled to the United States in order to examine how US companies manufactured and marketed tape recorders as well as to examine potential market opportunities for Totsuken exports (IJ 107) At the time, Western Electric had recently made the patent rights for manufacturing a transistor (which was invented in 1948 at AT&T’s Bell Laboratories) available to anyone who would pay royalties. Ibuka’s desire to effectively use the diverse strengths of his engineering and specialist talent would ultimately influence his decision to have Totsuko work on the
The Economic Effect on Japan during Post World War II Japan’s economy was greatly affected by the atomic bombs dropped on both Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Japan’s economic recovery as a result of this incident transformed Japan’s economic growth which has become known as the “Economic Miracle.” The bombs caused Japan to reconstruct many more facilities in which the economy moved forward. The Economic Planning Agency, which used to be known as the Economic Stabilization Board, helped Japan to become one of the leading economic nations. The United States also contributed to much of Japan’s recovery by occuping it from 1945-1951.
many resources. The only hitch in their plan was a US naval base at Pearl
We had to fight the Japanese to get back the islands they had seized during the early part of the war. Based on the reading in Module 5 pt.2, “FDR approved a limited offensive. They chose to target the island of Guadalcanal, an island in the southern Solomons where Japan was building an airbase. The first United States Marines division had invaded.” According to “For the Common Dense”, “the Navy Marine Corp had landed at Guadalcanal in August 1942 during WWII to open the south pacific offensive and set out for months of bitter land, sea and air fighting that ended in critical Japan defeat (Millett, p.397).” Both opponents had lost warships in the combats around the island. But more ships had joined the U.S. fleet. This caused the Japanese navy to gradually reduce for the remainder of the war.
1942 was a very pivotal year the the United States during the War. Pearl Harbor has been attacked a few months earlier on December 7, 1941, which launched the official start of the U.S entering the war. The U.S was now faced with a war on two fronts. Roosevelt was being pulled between attacking the Japanese in the West or to aid his ally England in the East. Although Roosevelt promised Churchill to aid them as soon as the U.S enters the war, Roosevelt decided to deal with matters in the West first. He would execute Executive order 9066 (the relocation of Japanese Americans into concentration camps). Shortly after this order was executed, the coast of California was attacked a few days later. Roosevelt did send aid and help England against the Germans, but that was not America’s main
Using these four passages and your own knowledge, asses the view that Japan was driven into war with the western powers in 1941 by American policies.
When Philips, known as Phil, and Zamperini reached the Marshall Islands, the Japanese immediately captured them. A new journey had begun for them, and it was not going to be any easier. Before they knew it, they were becoming prisoners of war. They were beaten, interrogated, forced to take unknown medication for experimental purposes, enslaved, and most importantly mentally tortured. It was the job of the Japanese guards to make them feel weak and useless individuals to the point where dignity was completely lost. Bouncing from one P.O.W. camp to the next, the food and berthing conditions were unfathomable. Updates of the war were next to impossible to receive. As Phil and Zamperini were eventually separated to different camps, it took everything Zamperini had to maintain his mental strength. Surviving on a raft was one thing, but surviving while being tormented by the enemy was an entirely different ballgame for them. All humanity was lost in this part of the war, and there was no international law that could save them from this torture. Since the suspense was clearly already as high as it gets, Hillenbrand made it even more thorough by interviewing several men from various P.O.W. camps throughout Japan. Hearing the different stories and perspectives added more reality to my wild imagination of what a P.O.W. camp would look like. It also served as a reminder of everyone else who was going through this hell, rather than remaining focused only on Zamperini’s journey. This
Japan, an ally of Germany, also faced destruction during the war after nuclear bombs were dropped on two of their cities, Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Emperor Hirohito and other Japanese government officials subsequently decided to surrender after Russia had declared war and the US began to look more threatening. Once the Emperor announced the country’s surrender, the populace was stunned. Japan had lost their military and was economically unstable. The citizens and many Japanese soldiers found it hard to accept the defeat, but the Emperor felt it was best for the country. Fortunately, from the 50’s to the 70’s Japan made a comeback and went from poor to rich. They began manufacturing goods and advancing their technology, and today they are known
“Japan Surrenders, End of War!” The significance of the primary source informs the audience what was occurring during the unconditional surrender of Japan. It was written by Arthur Krock an American Journalist and political analysts. Mr. Krock was famously known for his serene analysis within the political matters of the United States and foreign affairs. In creating an interesting news article he created a tone of pride and victory. The New York Times classify him as a conservative with a victorious approach in the midst of the United States and the Allied Victory against Japan. On the other hand the process of hope and believing the Japanese truly surrendering was still uncertain. However it became known as auspicious victory for the Americans and the Allied Force. During the front half of twentieth century it was a period of modernization and reformation throughout the world. On the contrary Japan modernization and conquest of expanding its empire became known to have a significant impact internationally. It opens its doors to the world by agreement in trade, foreign influence, and territorial expansion. However, Japan long superiority has forced to take a new path of reforming its society because of the disastrous conquest to gain power. Now Japan has to position its nation to inferiority due to the devastating atomic bomb,
Facing such stubborn resistance, Truman’s next option to force for an unconditional surrender was to send in an amphibious invasion force to defeat the Japanese military. While the projected death toll varied, both sides knew of the possible consequences of an amphibious invasion. To maximize the damage the Japanese could inflict on the invading Allied forces, the Japanese Army issued a decisive operations plan Ketsu-Go which called for the all-out defense of the Japanese homeland. To prepare for the invasion, the Japanese Army moved 16 divisions from Manchuria to beef up the 2 million soldier station back at the main island. The military planners proposed a full-scale mobilization of the population through any weapons or means possible, totaling at 32 million conscripts. The raw determination of the Japanese to put up a resistance was noted by the military planners on the Allied sides as the three-to-one combat force advantage in Okinawa saw the loss of 18,000 soldiers. Noting how the Japanese would rather commit suicidal charge than surrender and had to be forced out of the caves with flamethrowers, the American understood the raw determination of the Japanese. Entering the Japanese homeland with a two-to-one numerical advantage, Admiral Leady projected a 200,000 casualty while General Marshall estimated a minimum of a quarter million casualties on the American sides. Truman’s decision against the planned invasion of the Japanese homeland was shaped by his two key
Retribution: The Battle for Japan 1944-1945 written by former British journalist and military historian, Max Hastings tells a story about one of the most brutal and horrifying wars in history, the Pacific War between United States of America and Japan. Through a very detailed style of writing, Hastings was able to clearly narrate the happenings in the last stages of World War II, especially the fall of Japan at the hands of America. Through some stories and interviews from the people who were directly involved, Hastings was able to chronologically relate the experiences and convey the thoughts of the military and civilians. Hastings also gave his thoughts and understanding about the rights and wrongs of America’s strategies to outlast
Throughout the course of East Asian history, Japan has been largely influenced by the Asian mainland. From ancient times to the medieval period, significant contributions to Japan can be seen coming from both Korea and China. Both of these countries diffused elements of their cultures to form the basis of Japanese society – namely China. These foreigners would influence various aspects of society including technology, philosophy, politics, and religion.
The Second Sino-Japanese war began on July 7th, 1937 and ended on September 9th, 1945. It was a military conflict which was fought between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. As part of the struggle against fascism, Japan invaded China. It is clear that, due to the restriction of its natural resources, Japan tried to increase by robbing resources from other countries. Japan used the conquered Manchuria as a launching base for their troops. Manchuria was an enormous region that consisted of three provinces- Liaoning in the south, Jilin in the middle and Heilongjiang in the north. In 1905, when Japan defeated Russia in the Russo-Japanese war, Russia, which used Manchuria for business and
Akio Morita, the long time Sony Corporation co-founder was a very unique man. He accomplished so much in his 78 years of life. He was the co-founder of one of the most successful consumer electronic companies. He also is known for opening the gates for Japan sales in the United States.
It is interesting to note the underlying ideologies behind these objectives that Sony Corporation has set. The national culture is evident in the way these objectives are created, aside from the fact that this work organization was born during the aftermath of the World War II. Mr. Ibuka has pictured that his company will serve as his contribution for national development, and that technology is the key to their growth. This is in line with the national advancement that the Japanese government was aiming at then.
Sony Company is a Japanese multinational corporation. Masaru Ibuka and Akio Morita are the founders of the company, in late 1945. The corporation is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. It is among the leading electronic products manufacturers for consumer products. The company manufactures varied consumer electronics, equipment for video communications, innovative cameras and information technology equipment. It is one of the leading digital entertainment brands globally. It offers customers a range of exciting multimedia content. In the next one and