Ka Case Study

The purpose of this investigation is to test the effect of different sugar sources on yeast respiration.

(Biology Dept.). 0.1 ml of E.coli K or 0.1ml of E.coli B was added to the 10 fold dilution. Using soft agar technique, the growth media mixture with E.coli was plated and incubated.

Yeast is a fungus that can generate glucose into energy without using any oxygen molecules. We tested the fermenting ability of yeast from two different carbon sources: glucose and aspartame. We hypothesized that yeast is unable to use the carbon sources of aspartame. To do this, we decided to use both carbon sources in the same concentration. Each carbon source was mixed with the same amount of yeast solution. The experiment group of 5.5 mM aspartame solution was compared with the control group of 5.5mM glucose solution. We recorded the rate of fermentation for glucose and aspartame in the Vernier Lab Quest. The fermentation rate of aspartame is a negative number, and glucose is a positive number. Our results show that yeast was unable to ferment aspartame as yeast fermented glucose. The results indicate that aspartame has no effect on yeast fermentation rate because yeast do not catabolize aspartame because it does not have the appropriate enzymes to break it down.

Lactic acid fermentation: Plant and fungal cells produce alcohol as a result of fermentation and animal cells produce lactic acid

Triple Sugar Iron agar slant (TSI) was used to test for the fermentation of glucose and lactose, as well as the production of H2S. Gas production was also monitored, looking for fissures produced by production of gas during fermentation. The conversion of the originally red slant and butt of the agar to yellow indicates that

In this lab we tried to find what fuels yeast could metabolize and what the yields of the carbon dioxide gas that were produced from the different sugars used. We used 6 different yeast and sugar mixtures. The different yeast and sugar mixtures we used were control, glucose, sucrose, fructose, starch, and saccharin. The results for the 6 different results are presented in Tables 1-6 and Graph 1. Graph 1 is a graph of all the information in Tables 1-6. Each Table and graph is labeled approximately.

On Jan.7, Russell High School hosted Basketballs for Kawabunga , the fundraiser helped raise money for children with autism and fund after school activities. This year, Kawabunga raised $668 and furthermore, the fundraiser included 2 basketball games, one with alumni students from each school and one for the senior boys basketball. These alumni included Former RHS students included Jon Ricard, Brooke Morningstar and Beth Hayton, all three were heavily involved in school sports.

During the purification section of this lab, the LB/amp/ara agar plate was examined for well-isolated green colonies and the LB/amp plate was observed for white colonies with space between each other. These colonies were circled on the outside of the plates using a marker. Next, two 15 milliliter culture tubes containing 2 milliliters of nutrient growth media were obtained and labeled “+” and “-“. Using a new inoculation tube, the circled colonies from each plate were scooped out and immersed in their respective culture tubes. Once the bacteria was mixed into the solution, the tubes were sealed and placed horizontally into the 32⁰ incubator for 24 hours.

Kato has returned to California’s naval base where he is a four star fleet admiral and he wants to get the job of the five star fleet admiral which hasn’t been filled in since 1966 after Chester W. Nimitz died. But his mother Samantha Jones believes that he is going to be alone all his life unless he starts looking for a wife soon. While Kato’s sister Belle is a director of a very famous magazine company and had a assistant named Holly Joseph and Holly is in love with Belle. Belle fires Holly and is now looking for a new assistant but finds another woman who she falls in love with named Lucy Rose. Meanwhile Holly tells her friend Petra Alexander who is visiting that she wants to marry Belle Jones but she can’t until Kato is married. Holly

In vitro: Micafungin was found to be a non-competitive inhibitor of the formation of 1,3-β-D glucan synthase. Electron microscopy studies of Aspergillus fumigatus treated with micafungin showed disruption of the tips of hyphal walls and increased formation of branches on the lateral walls [1].

Table 1: Table of Results Showing the Effect of Yeast Mass on the Rate of Yeast-Facilitated Fermentation of Glucose

If there is insufficient oxygen after glycolysis, then the anaerobic side process of fermentation occurs. In humans, this produces lactic acid. Like all living organisms, yeast undergoes cellular respiration. Yeast is a unicellular organism found in the fungi kingdom. (Red Star Yeast, 2014) Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, commonly known as baker’s yeast, is essential to the brewing of alcoholic beverages. Yeast consumes “food” such as sugar to obtain the energy required to grow. By doing so, ethanol (alcohol) is produced. This is known as alcoholic

RATE OF FERMENTATION Abstract The purpose of the experiment was to explore the effects of yeast concentration on rate of fermentation. This was achieved by adding different levels of yeast in suspension into a 20mL-measuring cylinder of glucose solution, sitting in hot water from the tap (roughly about 30 degrees Celsius). The oxygen was collected in the test tube and therefore measuring the rate of which fermentation occurred.

51). The importance of the types of amylases that were used were significant when examining if they were able to break down starch or not because if the enzymes’ function differed from what was being tested nothing would occur. In the academic article “Experiments on the Amylase of Aspergillus oryzae” by Arthur Tangerg, he mentioned that Aspergillus oryzae was able to convert starch into glucose, which was crucial in this experiment as the enzyme’s function correlated to what was being tested (1915, p. 34). This type of fungal amylase was a good candidate to test on because of its ability to break down starch. Since the enzyme’s function was to break down starch it would be clear when determining its optimal temperature that it was able to digest starch. In the study “Biodegradation of food waste using microbial cultures” written by Awasti et al. (2017), the bacterial amylase, Bacillus Licheniformis, was used due to its high enzyme activity as well as its ability to resist a range of different temperatures (para.5). The importance of studying the effects of temperature on the fungal and bacterial amylase was to determine under which conditions were the enzymes capable of carrying out their function. Since the enzymes were not extremophiles, the two extreme temperatures 0o Celsius and 86 o Celsius could be

Yeasts are eukaryotic unicellular chemoorganotrophic organisms. Some species of yeast may become multicellular through the formation of strings of connected budding cells known as pseudohyphae, or false hyphae, as seen in most molds. [1] They are common in the environment and can be isolated from various sources like dairy products, [2] sugar rich materials like fruit pulp, [3] soil [4] and in some cases in association with insects. [5] Yeasts had found their application in various fields, like in making of alcoholic as well as non-alcoholic beverages, baking, bioremediation, nutritional supplements and probiotics. [6][7][8] Using yeast as part of bioremediation process has also been reported. Saccharomyce cerevisiae can be used in order to remove BOD from cheese whey. During removal of BOD, production of single cell protein can also be carried out. [6]