(2) Technology: During the Battalion of Kasserine pass US had only one Tank battalion equipped with about M4 Sherman tanks, 105mm Howitzer, 155mm howitzers. Nazi Germany had panzers, panzer Grenadiers, and anti-tank units. Nazi Germany overwhelmed over Powered US forces with several tank battalions (watson, 2007).
(3) Doctrine and training: US failures in this meeting occurred well before the battle began. Surprised by the massed panzer formations of 1939 and 1940, and the ease which the Germans seemed to break through the static lines of their enemies, the US attempted to find a solution. In 1941, the US developed the tank destroyer concept. While not a separate branch, tank destroyers had their own unique
…show more content…
The most important success came through intercepting the reports of Colonel Bonner Fellers, the US military attaché in Egypt. He had been tasked by General George Marshall with providing detailed reports on the military situation in Africa.[ (Deac, 2006)
(6) Condition and morale: Allied forces begins this battle with heighten Enthusiasm. As the Battle of Kasserine pass the quickly realized that It will not be an easy fight. Nazi Germany had been taken some hard Losses before this battle which led to a disappointed fighting force. With Rommel success at the start of the Battle of Kasserine Pass, German soldier spirits lifted.
(7) Command and Control: During the Battle of Kasserine Pass, Allied and Axis commands both had relationship problems. The Axis command initially gave Gen. Ziegler two panzer divisions. Made a decision to give one of those two commands to Gen. Rommel. Those two commands did not communicate with each other. MG Fredendall’s orders were unclear and somewhat incorrect. He also skipped around chain of command and made direct coordination with combat commanders. MG Fredenall did not get along with other Allied
Battle Royal was published in 1952 and was about the “invisible man” to carry out his grandfather’s dying wishes about the progressing fight African Americans face. During this time period racism was a heavy symbol of this nation’s creed and impacted African Americans every day. Ralph Ellison used reader’s animals to depict characters in situations to give readers more understanding to the story.
They overcame those obstacles by mounting the flamethrowers on tanks. The U.s is the most famous for vehicle mounted flamethrowers such as the “Oke”, the “Badger”, and probably the most famous out of all of them was known as the “Churchill Crocodile”. The tank was very similar to the flamethrower as in it was very good at driving out defenders out of caves, tunnels, bunkers or trenches, which made them a likely pair that worked very well together. This dynamic duo was not discovered until 1935 with the Italians. It wasn't too much longer and the Germans starting to take use of the Italians
Josef Dietrich’s leadership of the Sixth Panzer Army at the Battle of the Bulge revealed the characteristics of an unreliable General.
In 1942, World War II had been raging for three years. The United States of America have declared war upon the Axis powers following the devastating Japanese attack upon Pearl Harbor. At this point in the war the Allies are in a grave situation. German forces have pushed the British off mainland Europe, and the Japanese have conquered much of the Pacific region, coming increasingly nearer to the American mainland. In order to combat this rising threat, the American military headship began to search for viable alternatives to replace widely used established tactics. The motive for this search for irregular methods the fact that the Allied forces were not strong enough to meet the Axis powers on a conventional battlefield. In December of 1941 Colonel William J. Donovan, a World War I Army hero and presidential confidant, made a formal proposal to President Roosevelt to create a U.S. military unit that “would infiltrate occupied territory and assist resistance groups.”(Major John T. Hoffman USMCR, 3) In January of 1942, the president’s son, Captain James Roosevelt USMC wrote a letter to Major General Thomas Holcomb, 17th Commandant of the Marine Corps, suggesting the formation of “a unit for purposes similar to those of the British Commandos and the Chinese Guerillas.”(Hoffman, 3) Encouraged by the success of the British commando units, such as the SAS, LRDG, Royal Marine Commandos, and the enthusiastic endorsement of such units by the
(1) Content: Determine what information the source can give you. Is it relevant to your subject? Will it help you complete your study?
Only a small amount of information has shed light on the topic of the German’s tactical blunders that occurred on and around D-Day. As stated by historical documents collected by Cornelius Ryan, who was an Irish author who followed allied units in Europe and the Pacific during WWII, “And so it was that, one by one, senior officers from Rommel down had left the front on the very eve of the battle. All of them had reasons, but it was almost as thought a capricious fate had manipulated their departure.” (Ryan 106). Based upon the actions of these commanding officers taking leave to visit family, or
As a primary tenet of Mission Command, understanding allows the field commander to assess what is happening on the battlefield and make rapid decisions on the best way to carry out the commander’s intent. Without clear and concise guidance on objectives, opportunities to exploit advantages as they arose were lost and significant time was wasted reorienting forces to adhere to guidance that was not current based on conditions. Both General’s Eisenhower and Alexander failed to identify the objectives and
The US doctrine relating to the use of tanks and tank destroyers was flawed, furthermore unit commanders failed to both properly exercise the doctrine and adapt to the realities of war. This lead to a total failure in our ability to properly engage and defeat the German forces.
The panzer tank was vital for the war machine that was Germany. The idea of blitzkrieg relied on the help of tanks. Countries like France had a large mechanical force but France failed to learn from German experience. The German Panzer was far superior than most european tanks except the russians but the Germans expanded on the use of tanks. With the Nazis dominating the battlefield both the Soviet Union and the United States used the experiences of combat in France to rethink their armored
In the first phase of World War II in Europe, Germany sought to avoid a long war. Germany's strategy was to defeat its opponents in a series of short campaigns. Germany quickly overran much of Europe and was victorious for more than two years by relying on a new military tactic called the "Blitzkrieg" (lightning war). Blitzkrieg tactics required the concentration of offensive weapons (such as tanks, planes, and artillery) along a narrow front. These forces would drive a breach in enemy defenses, permitting armored tank divisions to penetrate rapidly and roam freely behind enemy lines, causing shock and
First, analyze General Eisenhower’s actions at the Battle of Bulge but with President Eisenhower’s assessment criteria. General Eisenhower displayed great cognitive ability when assessing the increasingly complex situation that was developing in the area around the Ardennes. Additionally, General Eisenhower demonstrated the remainder of Greenstein’s leadership traits in excellent fashion upon his establishment and implementation of a solution. General Eisenhower had a clear goal in mind, the safety of the forces he was responsible for, which he strove forward to accomplish. He employed a solution, placing most of General Bradley’s Army Group under Field Marshal Montgomery's command, that best utilized the subordinates that he had available to him to their maximum potential which demonstrated his organization capacity. When dealing with the change of command, General Eisenhower was able to use political skill by appealing to those he had the least influence over, the United Kingdom and Field Marshal Montgomery, instead of insulting them by bypassing their influence. At the same time, he did not let his emotions for his friend, General Bradley, get in the way of making the right strategic choice. He was able to control these emotions, displaying emotional intelligence. Finally, General Eisenhower briefed his plan to his subordinates clearly, so that there was no room for doubt, and stood by his decision despite opposition from his subordinates, thus displaying his public (his subordinates being the public in this scenario) communication
My role in the research process of the battle analysis brief was to determine how communications (C3) affected the actions of the fighting forces during the battle. First, I defined the communications concept or what communication systems, both fighting forces used during the battle. The communication systems consisted of “runners” and verbal commands for both forces. The US forces also utilized the drums to start or end offensive efforts. The drummer was Americus Hammock, an African American slave that later was freed for his participation in the battle.
Operation HUSKY was a dismal display of mission command and integration at the operational level. GEN Eisenhower’s unwillingness to get involved in the planning and execution led to a lack of understanding and mistrust among subordinate leaders ultimately allowing German forces to evacuate to Italy. This essay will evaluate mission command by examining first Eisenhower’s leadership, or lack thereof, and the resultant lack of involvement by his ground commander, GEN Alexander. Resultantly, the two subordinate commanders, Patton and Montgomery, developed their own uncoordinated maneuvers. The essay will apply the joint attributes of commander’s intent, mutual trust and understanding as evaluation criteria to analyze the impacts of poor mission
Gordons account shows how a new division has to acclimate to different commanders and has to trust a man to lead them who never has led them before. It also shows how confusing battle can be and how orders can get jumbled and cause confusion at the top.
Leading into the Fall of 1914, tactics on both sides of the line involved the rapid mobilization, maneuver and envelopment of the opposing side.10 Pre-1914 doctrine took little into account the effects of emerging new technology and their impact on both defensive and offensive operations. This disconnect between doctrine and technology contributed to the failure of early offensive operations in the Fall of 1914 and resulted in staggering casualties.11 Both sides developed doctrine that took into effect the unique terrain and technology that had been developed prior and during World War I. However by the end of the war, a combination of flexibility, decentralized control, and counterattack at every echelon made the German defensive system the most effective.12 This “elastic defense” had three unique characteristics; dedicated counter-attack force at all levels, decentralized command and control, fluid defensive belts and integrated artillery support at the Division level. Under this new doctrine, Corps headquarters had the role sustaining subordinate units, but not directing their actions during battle.13 This defense-in-depth and the lessons learned during the Verdun battles of 1918 were so successful that British forces adopted many of the German tactics with a special emphasis on their counterattack capability.10 Utilizing the new doctrine, by August 1918, Germany had made substantial gains, however had