La Rotonda

A comparison between the structure of San Lorenzo and Santa Maria Novella discloses the same style of High Classical age of fifth-century Greece that Alberti and Brunelleschi both aimed to achieve. In Santa Maria Novella, Alberti introduced Classical features around the portico with Classical proportions. Moreover, elements such as pilasters, cornices and a pediment in the Classical style were used instead of sculptures. In regards to the façade designed by Alberti, the incorporation of two large scrolls to bridge the different levels of the central nave to the lower side aisles was another feature of Church facades in late Renaissance, Baroque and Classical Revival architecture. Comparably, in the Old Sacristy of San Lorenzo designed by Brunelleschi,

This ‘ideal’ is reached by an assembly of ideal shapes and dimensions, whilst taking into an account that some numbers are more noble in Renaissance than others (Hersey and Freedman, 1992). He used mathematical tools as devices whilst working on his designs. In order to appreciate his work fully, the concept of symmetry and proportion is to be viewed as the key to understanding. Palladio’s work was inspired by Roman times, although build with nature in mind. The buildings are regarded as an exercise in pure form rather than models of themselves, they fulfilled and embodied the ideal and harmony of the magnificence own to upper class.

The Villa dei Papiri (Villa of the Papyri) was discovered for the first time in the 18th century, it was excavated then but not in the normal way. Because of its relative inaccessibility the only way to

Vittirio Gregotti is describing the courtyard as an architectural act par excellence saying :”The enclosure not only establishes a specific relationship with a specific place but is the principle by

In the past, many men in the field of architecture have become famous for their works, especially in the time of the Renaissance in Italy. These men included Filippo Brunelleschi, Leon Battista Alberti, and, perhaps the most important of all, Andrea Palladio. Widely regarded as the most influential and famous architect in the Western world, Andrea Palladio was “the last of the great Humanist architects” (Trachtenburg, 2002, p. 311). Since it is impossible to encompass all of Palladio’s accomplishments in one single essay, this paper will aim to give a detailed overview of Andrea’s early life, influences, greatest works, and his Palladian following.

Many architectural and urban forms and elements that we witness today are largely influenced by how buildings were design and laid in Rome. Not only in terms of its external design that brought upon important messages but the design of interiors and the significance of spatial arrangement of spaces exist within them has created the sense of physical experience in the buildings as well. Rome’s urban development and the rise of architectural movement began during the time of Augustus

During the first half of the Early Renaissance Brunelleschi’s architecture incorporated classical influences. In Brunelleschi’s building, he incorporated a longitudinal/ basilica plan and also created a flat ceiling to give it a more human scale. The building includes classical references like coffers and arcade, while also including arcaded columns, which form the side aisles and shallow side chapels. The building was also mathematically designed in a geometric form. The building of San Lorenzo was a starting point, which later evolved when other architects like Alberti came along.

Although it does resemble Gothic architecture, it does so in a unique way that is characteristic of the architect Antoni Gaudi (The Sagrada Familia). However, Gaudi’s masterpiece does not follow the definition of Gothic style architecture. “This new architecture, based on the precision of geometry, can be effectively adapted to the new graphic and building technologies. As a consequence, the quality of the works in the Sagrada Familia increases clearly as the construction processes technology is improved. This project is therefore advanced for its time and is also very suitable to the technologies of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries” (Aguado et al., 94). Gaudi believes that the inside of La Sagrada Familia should be left strictly for worship and the outside should tell the story of the Catholic faith. The story that Gaudi wishes to portray can be told by the towers, the east entrance, and the west entrance, which all resemble different aspects of the life of Jesus Christ. This is uncharacteristic of Gothic style cathedrals and basilicas because there are usually small chapels inside the church that explain the stories that relate to Catholicism. Gaudi also has a unique style of architecture that uses geometry to create pillars, columns, arches, as well as allow more light to enter his Gothic style building that had never been seen before. His unique take on the Gothic style was

Historical buildings play an important role in describing the social and cultural beliefs and values of a place of its establishment. People visiting the historic buildings are able to develop a proper insight into the community beliefs and practices that exist at the time of construction of a building (DuTemple, 2003). In this context, the present essay examines and evaluates the way in which the architectural building of ‘The Colosseum’ describes the societal and cultural values of Rome. In addition to this, the essay also demonstrates the technical and spatial features of the buildings and illustrates the way through the building is able to develop a language of classical architecture in Rome. The thesis statement of the present essay can be stated as ‘The extent to which the architectural building of ‘The Colosseum’ in Rome depicts the cultural and societal values and principles practiced in Ancient Roman Society’.

Palazzo Chiericati’s site has a lot to do with the design of the building. The site of the Palazzo Chiercati is in central Vicenza, Italy. The building “was erected on a very shallow site” and has a long frontage lining an open public space. Beyond the canal there was more rural landscape compared to Vicenza’s streets. Palladio did not let the opportunity of designing the building regarding this unique site. To emphasize the difference in landscape or built environment, Palladio makes use of a synthesis between two stark typologies. Palazzo Chiercati is the combination of both the palazzo and the villa.

Schoemaker’s designs was a blending of East and west culture. This can be seen on the Villa Isola building orientation using the North-South axis. The orientation of the building appear to Tangkuban Perahu mountain. The other building forms is the roof at Villa

The book “La Celestina” written by Fernando de Rojas. It is one of the most important books in Spain. It is required in the high school. It is used to teach literature from ninth grade to twelfth grade, because it is like a complement in our personal culture.

It is amazing to know that the concept of architectural design to homes had already flourished even in ancient Rome. The layout and functions of every Roman homes were intricately laid out for the comfort of its dwellers. The pattern and designs were made susceptible to the heat of the Mediterranean climate. Therefore, it is typical among the houses of the ancient Rome to have an "atrium" and "peristylium." These two parts of the Roman house were important. Its primary function is to ventilate the corridors and rooms. This types of houses were common designs in both urban and rural areas. On other hand, there were also big houses which refers to"villas," where the rich people lived. In addition, there were also tenement houses where poor people live, particularly to the household workers or slaves ( The Romans web, n.d).

The Villa Rotonda is a famous architecture designed by Palladio. Many people who make great achievements in architecture, Howard Burns, Francis Ching et al., Andrea Palladio and Rudolf Wittkower, have all written some words in their books about it. They describe some same characteristics but for different purpose.

Villa Savoye was built in 1929 and finished built in 1931, located at Poissy, France. This is one of the master work of Le Corbusier to show the Modern Architecture as well as the elements of international style (Kroll 2010.). It is also one of the building that dedicate and affect the modern architectures in 20th century (Arsenault 2014.). He has comply the objective of the concept of “a machine of living in” for Villa Savoye (Kroll 2010.). Moreover, Le Corbusier create a ramp from the ground floor all the way to the rooftop garden and to allow the occupant slow down their step of life and pressure from work to experience the movement between floor to floor. At the same time the occupants can also view the nature of grass and trees from the rooftop. The view is great as if it’s a framed art piece itself (Feuerman 2014). The building of Villa Savoye is in white, Le Corbusier consider that white as purest and tonality on the structure buildingwill has changes according to the sun orientation. Furthermore, Le Corbusier also clearly applied his theories of “The Five Point” in this building (Kroll 2010.).