Landslides : The Termful Effects Of Natural And Natural Disasters

In the United States alone, landslides are estimated to cause 25 to 50 deaths and over one billion dollars in damage every year (Landslides 101). Landslides may be caused by natural factors or man-made events. Natural factors include over steepened slopes created through erosion caused by rivers, heavy rains or snowmelt saturation slopes and

On March 22nd, 2014, one of the deadliest landslide disasters occurred in Northwest Washington. There was tragic loss of life and destruction of property. Debris covered approximately 40 homes and nearly a mile of State Rt. 530. It is commonly known as the “Oso Landslide” because of the location of this tragedy. On this day, Steelhead Haven, near Oso, WA would suffer the loss of 43 fatalities.

Interoperability was a struggle for my agency during the Oso landslide of 2014.. Governance was at the singular level with no outside commination among the levels of government and the standard operating procedures were outdated. Even fire/EMS were not cohesive with law enforcement in the same city. Having to deal with the issues of interoperability was a huge struggle during the incident from coordination of resources to communications. After the incident was over my agency worked with the city and its many departments to help create a streamline system of communication and collaboration of resources. The incident both hurt and helped the city In terms of growing.

Within the state of New York, landslides are classified as the downward movement of a slope and materials under the force of gravity (New York State Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2008). This definition also includes: a wide range of ground movement, such as rock falls, deep slope failure, shallow debris flows, natural rock, soil or artificial fill (New York State Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2008). Depending on the size and location of the landslide, landslides can be dangerous (Hyndman and Hyndman 2014). There are three mechanisms that initiate landslides. One mechanism is too much water. When water is added to a slope, soil becomes saturated and pore water pressure increases causing a slope to slide. A second mechanism is cutting the toe and oversteepening of the base. Removal or addition of material at the bottom of a landslide increases steepness of a slope. A steeper slope is less stable, increasing the likeliness of a landslide to occur. The third mechanism is adding material to the top of a slope, this also helps creates steeper

2. Physiographic natural disasters: Southeast Asia is a realm of islands, peninsulas containing high mountains and deep valleys that is under constant threat from natural disasters. From earthquakes, tsunami, to volcano eruptions, this region has seen it all, including cyclones, floods, landslides, and other hazards. The Pacific Rim is part of the Ring of Fire, in 2004 a tsunami will 300,000 people, 1883 the Krakatau volcano erupted killing 30,000, and in 1815 the Tambora volcano erupted affecting the climate for 20 years. There is a widespread of casualities in this diverse region, putting a struggle on human survival.

A landslide would be tabulated as a disintegrate mass of earth or rock to configurate a mountain, cliff or a summit.

The extent to which tectonic processes represent a hazard depends upon when and where they are experienced (40)

Earthquake Hazards occur when there are adverse effects on human activities. This can include surface faulting, ground shaking and liquefaction. In this essay I will be discussing the factors that affect earthquakes, whether human such as population density, urbanisation and earthquake mitigation or physical such as liquefaction, magnitude, landslides and proximity to the focus.

Due to diverse geo-climatic conditions prevalent in different parts of the globe, different types of natural disasters like floods, droughts, earthquakes, cyclones, landslides, and volcanoes etc may strike according to the vulnerability of the area.

Volcanoes and Earthquakes are two of the most intriguing natural disasters that can occur on earth. Unlike hurricanes and tornadoes, they can awaken at almost any point in time throughout the year. These two natural disasters are also different from others because they occur on the layers of the earth itself. Volcanoes, while large to us, are actually small, conical patches of earth that spurt and ooze hot molten lava from the core, and can destroy areas of land triple their size. Earthquakes, on the other hand, are severe jolts felt on land due to the movement of earths tectonic plates. Some may describe earthquakes as being similar to riding a bike down a flight of stairs. The impact of an earthquakes can take down even the largest buildings and strongest structures. All natural disasters can have damaging effects on land, some more than others, and all can be measured or predicted in different ways. Although earthquakes and volcanoes are similar to each other, the two are still very comparable. A few of these similarities and differences include the cause of their occurrence, and how their occurrence impacts the environment.

A preliminary analysis of the sea level of Bangladesh was done to examine the one-metre rise in sea level (Huq et al.1995). Huq and colleagues (1995) conducted a study that included data on topological maps, tidal tales, satellite images, aerial photos, and hydrographic maps. Thematic maps were used to estimate the effect of a one-meter sea-level rise on agriculture, population, and infrastructure. Locations experiencing subsidence included the Chalan Beel, Dhaka Depression, and the Khulna Sundarbans area with

IN RECENT years Dhaka City has been facing extensive water logging, especially, during the monsoon. Even without climate change, likely damage from waterlogging in Dhaka by 2050 is Taka 11,000 crore. In a changing climate with more intense rainfalls, the loss will be Taka 139,000 crores between 2014 and 2050. These damages can be reduced significantly to Taka 3,700 crores, if Taka 270 crores investment is made. The amount Taka 270 crores is equivalent to only 0.35 percent of the government’s annual development budget expenditure for 2014-2015.(World Bank,2015).Problems that occur in the city are increase in water pollution, traffic congestion, air and noise pollution, solid waste disposal, black smoke etc. Inadequate drainage sections, conventional drainage system with low capacity and gravity, natural siltation, absence of inlets and outlets,indefinite drainage outlets, lack of proper maintenance of existing drainage system, and over and above disposal of solid waste into the drains and drainage paths are accounted for the prime causes of blockage in drainage system and water logging. During the last 25 years or so rapid uncontrolled urbanization has taken place in its capital city Dhaka. Substantial increase in built-up areas has taken place due to insensitive developments of areas through private land developers and real estate business (Tawhid, 2004). The city has experienced water logging for last couple of years which creates

Landslides are among the most common natural hazards and are the most damaging, leading to a variety of human and environmental impacts. Landslide is the result of a wide variety of processes which include geological, geomorphologic, and meteorological factors. Landslides triggering factors including geological, hydrological, topographical factors and loading conditions. From Garg to the Himalayas, covering an area of 30% of the world's long land, resulting in a large number of different and complex physical properties, which are popular in extreme weather conditions, weather, and harsh weather conditions. In many places, national highways, especially 108, are hit annually. As a result, there was a serious problem of destroying agricultural change. The land should provide the land, appropriately or indirectly, with accurate research and an opportunity to appreciate the estimate

In the U.S. alone, the average annual cost to repair damage caused by earthquakes is $4.4 billion USD. The worldwide figure is much larger than this but unquantifiable due to poorer countries unable to accurately determine the amount of damage that occurred. Year after year the cost of damages barely fluctuates from these ridiculously high figures and money must be pumped into repairing the damage done. Although a lot is being learnt about earthquakes and the fact that humans are now normally able to be alerted in time to evacuate the area the earthquake will affect, there have been no breakthroughs into reducing the amount of damage earthquakes cause to buildings and infrastructures.

Bangladesh is one of the largest deltas in the world which is highly Penetrable to Natural Disasters because of its Geographical location, Flat and low-lying landscape, Poverty, Population density, Illiteracy, Lack of Institutional setup etc. Similarly the Physical, Social as well as Economic states of Bangladesh are very typical to any of the most Penetrable countries to Natural Disasters in the world . The total land area is 147,570 sq. km. consists mostly of Floodplains (almost 80%) leaving major part of the country (with the exception of the north-western highlands) prone to flooding in the rainy season. Moreover, the adverse affects of Climate Change – especially High Temperature, Cyclones and Sea-level Rise, Storm Surges, Salinity Intrusion, Heavy Monsoon Downpours etc. has aggravated the overall Economic Development scenario of the country to a great extent.