Learning : A Whole New World Of Opportunities Up

In the case of,” 7 year old Antonio, after recovering from a bad flu, at a nearby hospital, would notices having stomach pain, when passing the area of the hospital.” Therefore, Antonio, experience, a case of the Conditioned Response (CR); in this case a learned connection and associations with being in the hospital, feeling sick with the flu, which is a general process, acquisition. Yet, has a Conditioned Stimulus (CS), “ During acquisition, the neutral stimulus begins to elicit the conditioned response, and eventually the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus capable of eliciting the conditioned response by itself.” OpenStax College. (2015). Learning. In Psychology (chapter 6)

Classical conditioning is defined as “a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events” (Myers 2011). At first, it was his creative mind that set off on an incidental observation. He noticed by putting food in a dogs mouth causes the animal to salivate. Not only did that cause salivation, but the sight of food, smell of food, the food dish, and even the person bringing the food did as well. This sparked his thoughts into trying to imagine

Pavlov’s discovery of classical conditioning was a complete accident (Hock, 2009, p. 66). Pavlov was doing physiology research with salvation’s role with digestion when he discovered classical conditioning. In his research, he had dogs with their salvation glands redirected to their cheek in order to test the amount of saliva produced when presented with different foods. Pavlov then noticed that the dogs would salivate before they even got the food. He then discovered that the dogs had associated the worker’s footsteps with the food. So, when the dogs hear the footsteps they know that food is on the way so they begin to salivate.

Our understanding of classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observational learning has allowed us to unlock many of the answers we sought to learn about human behavior. Classical conditioning is a technique of behavioral training, coined by Ivan Pavlov, which basically states that an organism learns through establishing associations between different events and stimuli. This helps us understand human behavior in an assortment of ways. It makes it clear that almost everything we do is based on patterns of stimulus and response. For example, if you were bitten aggressively by a dog as a child, you may be still scared of dogs today. That is because the dog caused you pain, which in turn caused you have anxiety towards dogs.

Classical conditioning is a type of associative learning which occurs when two stimuli are paired together repetitively and therefore become associated with each other eventually producing the same response. Classical conditioning was developed from the findings of Ivan Pavlov to account for associations between neutral stimuli and reflexive behavior such as salivation. Pavlov (1927) accidently discovered that dogs began to salivate before they had tasted their food. To support his theory, he carried out experiments using dogs which involved measuring the amount of saliva they produced. In his experiments, food started off as an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) which produced salivation, an unconditioned response (UCR). They are both unconditioned as they occur naturally without being learned. The dogs were presented with a bell (NS), this provided no salivation. The bell and food were presented together and after many trails an

Classical conditioning was a theory developed by a Russian psychologist called Ivan Pavlov. He was working with dogs to investigate their

Most of the world plays the role of a student at least once in their lives. We are taught and expected to learn, but that doesn’t necessarily mean that anything is actually learned and stored in our memories. Majority of times people learn enough just to get by; just to get that perfect grade or perfect score. The difference between a learner and a student is that a learner takes that next step and starts learning outside of the classroom, and starts focusing on knowledge, instead of what grade they are going to get. In his book, Becoming a Learner: Realizing the Opportunity of Education, Matthew Sanders explains and defends the importance of transitioning from a student to a learner.

Learning is a fascinating concept. Everyone does it and everyone always has, but not everyone explores its eclectic process. That being said, through the course of history, it has been studied vehemently. Ivan Pavlov, a behaviorist, had some groundbreaking research on subclass of learning called classical conditioning. Coming across it incidentally, he discovered that dogs would salivate not only from eating food, but anything associated with them getting fed. Anything unnatural in their feeding process, he termed as the conditioned stimulus, which would result in the conditioned response of them salivating (Daniels). Though classical conditioning seems rather simple and commonsensible, the information psychologists have gathered from it has been revolutionary. It has shown psychologists the very basics of how we learn and adapt as organisms and opened the door for other studies (Myers 268). According to psychologists, learning is the process of acquiring new and relatively enduring information or behaviors (Myers 268).

Classical Conditioning; “conditioning in which the conditioned stimulus (as the sound of a bell) is paired with and precedes the unconditioned stimulus (as the sight of food) until the conditioned stimulus alone is sufficient to elicit the response (as salivation in a dog)” (Webster). The original person that has been credited with this finding is Russian psychologist, Ivan Pavlov.

There are four elements of classical conditioning. These elements of classical conditioning include unconditioned stimulus, unconditioned response, conditioned stimulus, and conditioned response. These four elements make up the classical conditioning procedure. An unconditioned stimulus in an experiment is a stimulus that elicits a response from the subject of the experiment without any previous conditioning. This can be anything that elicits an instinctual response that an organism might have, such as the treat that the animal salivates over as described in the experiment in paragraph one. An unconditioned response in any response regarding an unconditioned stimulus. In the case stated in paragraph one, the unconditioned response would be the salivating of the animal in anticipation of the treat. A conditioned stimulus is a stimulus that would have no

Weiss discusses Pavlov’s experiment with the dog and the bell. Pavlov rang the bell and food appeared for the dog. The dog learned that when the bell rang there was food to eat. This is the theory called classical conditioning. The dog learned to expect food when the bell rang.

Classical conditioning says that we learn behaviours by associating the response to the stimulus. An example of this can be found from the work of Ivan Pavlov. In the 1890s Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, carried out some experiments with a dogs. He noticed that when a dog eats food, they salivate: this is an unconditional response to an

Classical Conditioning was founded by a Russian physiologist, Ivan P. Pavlov, in the early 1900s. At first, He assumed that animals have automatic connections called unconditioned reflexes, which is a reflection between a fixed stimulus and response such as the food and secreting digestive juices. He speculated that the stimulus can be transferred from one to another. After that, Pavlov did the experiments and get the conclusion. In the process, he gave a dog food and the dog salivated. The connection between the food and the salivation was automatic requiring no training. The food was called unconditioned stimulus (UCS) and the salivation was called unconditioned response (UCR). The UCS is an event that automatically elicits an UCR. In other words, the UCR is the action that the UCS elicits. Next, Pavlov introduced a new stimulus, such as a metronome. At the beginning, the dogs heard the metronome but did not salivate. In this period, the metronome was a neutral stimulus (NS) about salivation. After

Classical conditioning is a form of learning in which a conditioned stimulus (CS) joins with an unattached unconditioned stimulus (US) so as to produce a behavioural response which is a conditioned response (CR). (http://www.boudless.com). There are three stages to classical conditioning. Stage one is “before the conditioning”. In this stage, the U.S evokes an U.R in an organism. This means that a stimulus produces a response that is unlearned. This stage also involves the neutral stimulus (N.S), which doesn’t produce a response until it is matched with the unconditioned stimulus. Stage two is during the conditioning. In this stage, the N.S becomes associated with the U.S, when it becomes known as the C.S. The third and final stage is after the conditioning.

conditioned. This was something that he spent the rest of his life studying. This type of