Likert found participative leadership to improve the teamwork, communication and overall participation of achieving objectives. The style engaged the whole organisation or the specific team, with the responsibility of achieving objectives being spread across. He concluded the style to be the best in terms of long-term benefits to organisations. Gary Yukl made similar findings in 1971. Yukl highlighted the different levels of participation and how behaviour affects the effectiveness of leadership. Yukl’s four management styles included: • Autocratic – The leader makes the decisions and there is no consultation from the subordinates • Consultation – The leader asks for opinions, but makes the decisions • Joint Decision – The leader invites ideas from subordinates and included them in the decision-making process • Delegation – The leader allows the subordinates to make the decisions All of the above include a different level of participation from the subordinates, expect for the autocratic model. The modern context From the above basic concepts and findings, the theory of participatory leadership began emerging. Interestingly, the term ‘participatory’, which is defined by the Cambridge dictionary as “the idea that things can be achieved more easily if everyone works together and is involved in making decisions”, embraces a number of different styles. Therefore, participative leadership can take many shapes and this has meant the clear definition of the model remains
A1. Leadership Style Upon conducting research, it is clear that the definition of “leadership” is not agreed upon. It is fluid, based upon many perceptions, situations, and surroundings. According to Robinson (2010), adopting a specific style of leadership is rather futile as it is, “contingent on the personal traits of the leader, the people being led, and the nature of the activity.” Tools are available to help guide potential leaders in determining a preferred style of leadership. For example, utilizing the “Leadership Self-Assessment
Autocratic- In this management style, the manager becomes the sole decision maker. The manager does not care about the other staff and their involvement in decision making. Therefore, the decisions reflect the personality and the opinion of the manager. The decision does not reflect the team 's collective opinion.
In participative leadership, the leader of a group usually makes the final decisions, but only after consulting other team members for their input. Team members are inspired and motivated by this type of leadership which helps the leader’s decisions to be more widely accepted and adopted by the members (Reilly, 2011). In 1978, James Burns wrote a book about leadership styles in which he described the participative leader style as a type of
Leadership has many definitions, is multifaceted, and involves numerous aspects, such as identifying goals, providing support, inspiring and motivating people to act, and promoting the values of a group or organization (Giltinane, 2013). Some of the characteristics an effective leader possesses are honesty, creativity, emotional stability, energy, flexibility, conceptual skills, perseverance, and knowledge (Huber, 2014). Based on the Leadership Style Survey, my leadership style is determined to be participative, also referred to as democratic. This approach places emphasis on people, relationships, and teamwork. The leader shares responsibility by involving workers in group discussions and decision making, is able to recognize strengths and encourage workers
Leadership is a process of influencing activities of a particular group of people with the aim of attaining certain stipulated goals. In defining leadership there is need to consider a particular group, the common goals and the duties that are allocated to specific members of the group depending on their abilities (Fiedler 1976). Leadership therefore cannot successfully occur unless members of the group are given different considerations in terms of personality, traits and responsibilities. In considering leadership, it is important to look at the leader, the group or organization they are leading, the members as individuals and the situation; these are
One skill that will help me develop as a leader is utilizing the participative leadership skill when needed. Participative leadership shares decision making with group members. According to the text, participative leadership encompasses so many behaviors that it can be divided into three subtypes: consultative, consensus, and democratic (Dubrin, 2010). Out of these three subtypes being a consultative leader can be very helpful. Consultative leaders confer with group members before making a decision. However, they retain the final authority to make decisions. Participative leadership not only encourage teamwork but the participative style is based on management openness because the leader accepts suggestions for managing the operation from group members.
The contents and assignment in this course has helped me understand the various theories of leadership and how different leadership styles can have a negative or positive effect on followers and organizations. The leadership theories helped me understand the concept of leadership better because it educates me on the different leadership options that are available. Leadership and followership is not based on specific characteristics. Leaders must draw from things and approaches to find the right style. A follower’s attitude determines the way a leader leads. According to Johnson (2011) “Being a good follower means ensuring your boss is supported, but only if he is making optimum decisions”.
Autocratic leadership is a classical leadership style with the following characteristics: manager seeks to make as many decisions as possible, manager seeks to have the most authority and control in decision making, manager seeks to retain responsibility rather than utilise complete delegation , consultation with other colleagues in minimal and decision making becomes a solitary process managers are less concerned with investing their own leadership development, and prefer to simply work on the task at hand. Whereas Democratic Leadership is the leadership style that promotes the sharing of responsibility, the exercise of delegation and continual consultation. The style has the following characteristics: manager seeks consultation on all
Reviewing this chapter as whole, I noticed that there is no fixed approach mentioned towards a leadership style, rather it suggests that range of different leadership style must be adapted based on the situation. Furthermore, I found out that this chapter lacked some useful information which should have been
Effective leadership is a key enabler as it provides the vision and the rationale for change. Different styles of leadership have been identified, for example coercive, directive, consultative and collaborative. These different styles may each be appropriate depending on the type and scale of change being undertaken. For example, when there is a large-scale organisation-wide change a directive style has been identified as most effective.
The key strengths of participative leadership style are increased productivity and job satisfaction. When employees are afforded an opportunity to be involved in the organization’s decision making process, they are likely to develop a strong sense of commitment to the organization as well as increase their performance. Job satisfaction is another key strength of this leadership style. Most employees display high levels of job satisfaction when they notice their suggestions and/or recommendations are taken seriously and in some instances implemented within the organization. Additionally, this
Over the years, a great deal of time, and research has been dedicate to the study of leadership. Even with extensive data on the topic, many still disagree on what leadership really means. Hence, leadership is a word that has many different meanings and different researched theories associated with it. On a basic level, leadership involves having and establishing a clear vision, sharing that vision with followers, respecting followers, and leading an organization with excellence while ensuring that everyone is part of the team. Leadership is also a method by which a leader uses his or her influence towards getting a group of followers to take ownership or buy into a vision.
An effective leader influences their employees in a desired manner to achieve goals and objectives. Different leadership styles can affect an organization’s effectiveness and performance. The objective of this paper is to analyze the review of literature on various leadership styles over the past years and how effective and ineffective different leadership styles are in the workplace.
“Participative leaders express their doubts, concerns, and uncertainties; verbalize their problem-solving processes, ask questions of followers and listen to the answers; reflect feelings; and paraphrase and summarize, acknowledge, and use follower’s ideas” (Bass, 2008, p. 876). This allows the members of the groups to see the vulnerability of their leader, to be part of the collective in working together to solve a problem and to add multiple solutions, bounce ideas off one another and then decide based on all the collected and available information to make the most informed decision possible using trust. This creates a safe work environment where individuals know they are respected as partners, their ideas have value and that there are no hidden agendas. This allows multiple perspectives to be heard so that the solution is not just created from the vantage point of one person but from the views of many people (Bass, 2008, p. 882). Individuals can be heard and know where their ideas may have fallen short or may have contributed to the path of the solution. Differences in ideas and thought processes can be worked out and settled during participative leadership work (Bass, 2008, p. 882). Managers appear to prefer a participative approach as do followers (Bass, 2008, p. 883 and p. 884) and followers appreciate the flexibility of the leaders in being open to varying ideas. Projects that require the expertise of many individuals benefit from the consultative nature of the
There are always chances and possibilities to become a good leader regardless the odds against you, gender, age, race, education, previous experience, etc. This paper defines what leadership is and it explains the relationship between leadership and influence. It also highlights the importance of finding opportunities to develop skills and creating strong to become a good leader. It is also emphasized the power of influence that comes from motivating your team, to improve performance and satisfaction and that setting a clear goal is mandatory for good leadership. The conclusion summarizes all the topics under discussion.